Improved Biotransformation of Platycoside E into Deapiose-Xylosylated Platycodin D by Cytolase PCL5 under High Hydrostatic Pressure
Source abstract
Abstract
Platycosides are the functional saponins present in balloon flowers that exert diverse biological effects, and which can be further improved by their deglycosylation. Deapiose-xylosylated platycodin D, which is absent in balloon flowers, can be generated only by cytolase PCL5 by acting on platycoside E. To improve cytolase PCL5-catalyzed production of deapiose-xylosylated platycodin D from platycoside E, we explored the use of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP). At an HHP of 150 MPa, the optimal temperature of cytolase PCL5 activity for converting platycoside E into deapiose-xylosylated platycodin D shifted from 50 to 55 °C, and increased the activity and stability of the enzyme by 5- and 4.9-fold, respectively. Under HHP, the enzyme completely converted 1 mM platycoside E into deapiose-xylosylated platycodin D within 4 h, with a 3.75-fold higher productivity than that under atmospheric pressure. Our results suggest that the application of HHP is a potential method for the economical production of platycosides and enzyme-catalyzed biotransformation of functional saponins.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis · Natural product bioactivities and synthesis · Ginseng Biological Effects and Applications
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 140 Gortner Laboratory, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
Wild Plants and Seeds Conservation Department, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, Bonghwa 36209, Korea
Funding
R&D Program for Forest Science Technology provided by the Korea Forest Service
References (25)
Show source-provided references
1. Pharmacological studies on Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC. IV. A comparison of experimental pharmacological effects of crude platycodin with clinical indications of platycodi radix10.1248/yakushi1947.93.9_1188 ↗
2. Platycodin D inhibits beta-amyloid-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in BV-2 cells via suppressing TLR4/NF-kappaB signaling pathway and activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway10.1007/s11064-020-03198-6 ↗
3. Fermented Platycodon grandiflorum extracts relieve airway inflammation and cough reflex sensitivity in vivo10.1089/jmf.2019.4595 ↗
4. Evaluation of the total oxidant scavenging capacity of saponins isolated from Platycodon grandiflorum10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.10.086 ↗
5. Antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of Chinese medicinal herb extracts in raw sheep meat10.4315/0362-028X-70.6.1440 ↗
6. A platycoside-rich fraction from the root of Platycodon grandiflorum enhances cell death in A549 human lung carcinoma cells via mainly AMPK/mTOR/AKT signal-mediated autophagy induction10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.078 ↗
7. Platycodin D exerts anti-tumor efficacy in H22 tumor-bearing mice via improving immune function and inducing apoptosis10.2131/jts.41.417 ↗
8. Hypocholesterolemic and anti-obesity effects of saponins from Platycodon grandiflorum in hamsters fed atherogenic diets10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00915.x ↗
9. Platycodin D, a novel activator of AMP-activated protein kinase, attenuates obesity in db/db mice via regulation of adipogenesis and thermogenesis10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.227 ↗
10. Noh, E.M., Kim, J.M., Lee, H.Y., Song, H.K., Joung, S.O., Yang, H.J., Kim, M.J., Kim, K.S., and Lee, Y.R. (2019). Immuno-enhancement effects of Platycodon grandiflorum extracts in splenocytes and a cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed rat model. BMC Complement. Altern. Med., 19.10.1186/s12906-019-2724-0 ↗
11. Platycodin D is a potent adjuvant of specific cellular and humoral immune responses against recombinant hepatitis B antigen10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.11.029 ↗
12. Classification of glycosidases that hydrolyze the specific positions and types of sugar moieties in ginsenosides10.3109/07388551.2015.1083942 ↗
13. Biotransformation of ginsenosides by hydrolyzing the sugar moieties of ginsenosides using microbial glycosidases10.1007/s00253-010-2567-6 ↗
14. Steaming of ginseng at high temperature enhances biological activity10.1021/np990152b ↗
15. Transformation of ginseng saponins to ginsenoside Rh2 by acids and human intestinal bacteria and biological activities of their transformants10.1007/BF02980048 ↗
16. Complete biotransformation of protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides to 20-O-beta-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol using a novel and thermostable beta-glucosidase10.1021/acs.jafc.7b06108 ↗
17. Ahn, H.J., You, H.J., Park, M.S., Johnston, T.V., Ku, S., and Ji, G.E. (2018). Biocatalysis of platycoside E and platycodin D3 using fungal extracellular β-glucosidase responsible for rapid platycodin D production. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19.10.3390/ijms19092671 ↗
18. Kil, T.G., Kang, S.H., Kim, T.H., Shin, K.C., and Oh, D.K. (2019). Enzymatic biotransformation of balloon flower root saponins into bioactive platycodin D by deglucosylation with Caldicellulosiruptor bescii β-glucosidase. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.10.3390/ijms20163854 ↗
19. Shin, K.C., Seo, M.J., Kim, D.W., Yeom, S.J., and Kim, Y.S. (2019). Characterization of β-glycosidase from Caldicellulosiruptor owensensis and its application in the production of platycodin D from balloon flower leaf. Catalysts, 9.10.3390/catal9121025 ↗
20. Biotransformation of food-derived saponins, platycosides, into deglucosylated saponins including deglucosylated platycodin D and their anti-inflammatory activities10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06399 ↗
21. Enzymatic transformation of platycosides and one-step separation of platycodin D by high-speed countercurrent chromatography10.1002/jssc.200900842 ↗
22. Biotransformation of glycosylated saponins in balloon flower root extract into 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl platycosides by deglycosylation of pectinase from Aspergillus aculeatus10.4014/jmb.2001.01041 ↗
23. Shin, K.C., Kim, D.W., Woo, H.S., Oh, D.K., and Kim, Y.S. (2020). Conversion of glycosylated platycoside E to deapiose-xylosylated platycodin D by cytolase PCL5. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.10.3390/ijms21041207 ↗
24. Enrichment of ginsenoside Rd in Panax ginseng extract with combination of enzyme treatment and high hydrostatic pressure10.1007/s12257-014-0857-z ↗
25. Effect of high hydrostatic pressure treatment on isoquercetin production from rutin by commercial alpha-L-rhamnosidase10.1007/s10529-016-2157-5 ↗