Constitutive Analysis of the Anisotropic Flow Behavior of Commercially Pure Titanium

Plastic anisotropy is an important issue for metals possessing a hexagonal close-packed structure. This study investigated the anisotropic deformation characteristics of commercially pure titanium with basal texture. A quasi-static uniaxial compression gave rise to clear differences in flow curves and strain-hardening rates depending on the loading direction. This study employed a constitutive approach to quantify the contribution of (i) dynamic Hall–Petch strengthening, (ii) dislocation pile-up, and (iii) texture hardening with respect to the total flow stress. Such an approach calculated a flow stress comparable to the measured value, providing logical validity. The microstructural and mechanical differences depending on the loading direction (i.e., anisotropy) were successfully interpreted based on this approach.