An Accurate Jacobian Matrix with Exact Zoeppritz for Elastic Moduli of Dry Rock

Seismic velocities are related to the solid matrices and the pore fluids. The bulk and shear moduli of dry rock are the primary parameters to characterize solid matrices. Amplitude variation with offset (AVO) or amplitude variation with incidence angle (AVA) is the most used inversion method to discriminate lithology in hydrocarbon reservoirs. The bulk and shear moduli of dry rock, however, cannot be inverted directly using seismic data and the conventional AVO/AVA inversions. The most important step to accurately invert these dry rock parameters is to derive the Jacobian matrix. The combination of exact Zoeppritz and Biot–Gassmann equations makes it possible to directly calculate the partial derivatives of seismic reflectivities (PP-and PS-waves) with respect to dry rock moduli. During this research, we successfully derive the accurate partial derivatives of the exact Zoeppritz equations with respect to bulk and shear moduli of dry rock. The characteristics of these partial derivatives are investigated in the numerical examples. Additionally, we compare the partial derivatives using this proposed algorithm with the classical Shuey and Aki–Richards approximations. The results show that this derived Jacobian matrix is more accurate and versatile. It can be used further in the conventional AVO/AVA inversions to invert bulk and shear moduli of dry rock directly.