journal article·2025-08-28Open access

Pattern-Based Automation of User Stories and Gherkin Scenarios from BPMN Models for Agile Requirement

Daniel Mateus, Denis Silva da Silveira, João Araujo

Applied Sciences· Volume 15· Issue 17

Abstract

This study enhances agile development by integrating BPMN modeling with automated functional requirements elicitation. It focuses on extracting user stories and Gherkin scenarios from BPMN process models using transformation patterns and templates. A tool was developed to automate this process, validated through qualitative expert evaluation, confirming its utility and accuracy. The approach enhances organizational communication and collaboration between business and information technology teams, improving efficiency in requirements elicitation. Future enhancements aim to broaden transformation patterns and tool functionalities to encompass additional BPMN artifacts. This study emphasizes innovation in bridging business process modeling and agile development, highlighting advancements in automating requirements elicitation.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Business Process Modeling and Analysis · Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services · Information Technology Governance and Strategy

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal

Department of Administration, Graduate Program in Administration, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil

Funding

CNPq · FCT.IP

References (32)

Show source-provided references
1. Dumas, M., La Rosa, M., Mendling, J., and Reijers, H.A. (2018). Fundamentals of Business Process Management, Springer. [2nd ed.].10.1007/978-3-662-56509-4 ↗
2. Weske, M. (2012). Business Process Management—Concepts, Languages, Architectures, Springer.
3. Cohn, M. (2004). User Stories Applied: For Agile Software Development, Addison-Wesley Professional. [1st ed.].
4. (2024, August 20). Gherkin Syntax. Available online: https://cucumber.io/docs/gherkin/.
5. OMG-BPMN (2024, August 04). Business Process Model and Notation (2.0.2). Technical Report, Object Management Group. Available online: https://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN.
6. Polyvyanyy, Supporting process model validation through natural language generation10.1109/TSE.2014.2327044 ↗
7. A semi-automated approach for generating natural language requirements documents based on business process models, Information and Software Technology10.1016/j.infsof.2017.08.009 ↗
8. Palmer, N. (2009). XML Process Definition Language, Springer.10.1007/978-0-387-39940-9_1550 ↗
9. OMG-UML (2024, August 04). Unified Modeling Language (2.5.1). Technical Report, Object Management Group. Available online: https://www.omg.org/spec/UML/About-UML/.
10. Sommerville, I. (2021). Software Engineering, Pearson. [10th ed.].
11. Abrahamsson, P., Salo, O., Ronkainen, J., and Warsta, J. (2017). Agile software development methods: Review and analysis. arXiv.
12. Pokharel, P., and Vaidya, P. (2020, January 26–27). A study of user story in practice. Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Data Analytics for Business and Industry: Way Towards a Sustainable Economy (ICDABI), Sakheer, Bahrain.10.1109/ICDABI51230.2020.9325670 ↗
13. Necula, S.-C., Dumitriu, F., and Greavu-Șerban, V. (2024). A Systematic Literature Review on Using Natural Language Processing in Software Requirements Engineering. Electronics, 13.10.3390/electronics13112055 ↗
14. Model-driven management of BPMN-based business process families10.1007/s10270-022-00985-3 ↗
15. Cardoso, E., Almeida, J.P., and Guizzardi, G. (2009, January 1–4). Requirements engineering based on business process models: A case study. Proceedings of the 2009 13th Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops, Auckland, New Zealand.10.1109/EDOCW.2009.5331974 ↗
16. Process-oriented information system requirements engineering—A case study
17. Mayr, H.C., Kop, C., and Esberger, D. (2007, January 2–6). Business Process Modeling and Requirements Modeling. Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Digital Society (ICDS’07), Guadeloupe, France.10.1109/ICDS.2007.9 ↗
18. A business process-driven approach for requirements dependency analysis10.1007/978-3-642-32885-5_16 ↗
19. Demirörs, O., Gencel, Ç., and Tarhan, A. (2003, January 1–6). Utilizing business process models for requirements elicitation. Proceedings of the 2003 Proceedings 29th Euromicro Conference, Belek-Antalya, Turkey.
20. Monsalve, C., April, A., and Abran, A. (2011, January 8–10). Requirements Elicitation Using BPM Notations: Focusing on the Strategic Level Representation. Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS international conference on Applied computer and applied computational science, Venice, Italy.
21. González, J.D.L.V., and Díaz, J. (2007, January 11–12). Business process-driven requirements engineering: A goal-based approach. Proceedings of the VIII International Workshop on Business Process Modeling, Development and Support (BPMDS’07), Trondheim, Norway.
22. Deriving requirements from process models via the problem frames approach10.1016/j.infsof.2004.09.002 ↗
23. La Rosa, M., and Soffer, P. (2013). Back to origin: Transformation of business process models to business rules. Business Process Management Workshops, Springer.10.1007/978-3-642-36285-9 ↗
24. Türetken, O., Su, O., and Demirors, O. (2004, January 25–27). Automating software requirements generation from business process models. Proceedings of the Principles of Software Engineering (PRISE’04), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
25. Coşkunçay, A., Aysolmaz, B., Demirors, O., Bilen, O., and Dogan, I. (2010, January 12–14). Bridging the gap between business process modeling and software requirements analysis: A case study. Proceedings of the 5th Mediterranean Conference on Information Systems (MCIS), Tel Aviv, Israel.
26. Herden, A., Farias, P.P.M., and Albuquerque, A. (2015). An approach based on BPMN to detail use cases. New Trends in Networking, Computing, Elearning, Systems Sciences, and Engineering, Springer.10.1007/978-3-319-06764-3_69 ↗
27. Designing and evaluating e-business models10.1109/5254.941353 ↗
28. Yu, E. (1997, January 6–10). Towards Modelling and Reasoning Support for Early-Phase Requirements Engineering. Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering, Annapolis, MD, USA.
29. van der Aa, H., Bork, D., Schmidt, R., and Sturm, A. (2024). Process Modeling with Large Language Models. Enterprise, Business-Process and Information Systems Modeling. BPMDS EMMSAD 2024, Springer. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing.10.1007/978-3-031-61007-3 ↗
30. AI-augmented Business Process Management Systems: A Research Manifesto10.1145/3576047 ↗
31. Camunda (2024, August 04). bpmn-js Walkthrough. Acedido a Set 11, 2023. Available online: https://bpmn.io/toolkit/bpmn-js/walkthrough/.
32. Wohlin, C., Runeson, P., Höst, M., Ohlsson, M.C., Regnell, B., and Wesslén, A. (2012). Experimentation in Software Engineering, Springer Science & Business Media.10.1007/978-3-642-29044-2 ↗