Multi-criteria selection of optimal welding parameter in MMAW hardfacing using MOORA method coupled with PCA

Multi-criteria decision making approach is one of the most demanding tools for solving the intricate optimisation problems in the area of welding. Hardfacing is widely used to improve the wear and corrosion resistance of components. The process of hardfacing should be aimed at achieving a strong bond between the deposit and the base metal. Therefore, it is very important for the selection of process parameters to improve product qualities in hardfacing. This paper introduces the multi-objective optimisation of manual metal arc welding (MMAW) process parameters in hardfacing with Nano-technology based electrode using MOORA (multi-objective optimisation on the basis of ratio analysis) method coupled with PCA (principal component analysis). The paramount process variables have been considered to undergo experiments such as welding current, arc voltage and welding speed; response parameters incorporate weld bead width, reinforcement and bead hardness, respectively. Finally, confirmation test has been carried out to validate the experiment result.