An Agent-Based Simulation to Minimize Losses during a Terrorist Attack
Source abstract
Abstract
The goal of this paper is to create a model simulating a part of the terrorist attack in the Tokyo subway in 1995 using sarin gas and its implementation using AnyLogic software. Another goal is to find possibilities of minimizing the losses using what-if scenarios. The model should serve as a tool for further investigation of the attack and proposes the appropriate security options in the future. The final part of the work summarizes the results of the research and suggestions for improving the model.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis · Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics · Disaster Management and Resilience
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
Funding
Grantová Agentura České Republiky
References (25)
Show source-provided references
1. Murakami, H. (2000). Underground: The Tokyo Gas Attack and the Japanese Psyche, Vintage Books. A. Bimbaum/Ph. Gabriel.
2. Gupta, R.C. (2015). Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents, Academic Press.
3. Marrs, T.T., Maynard, R.L., and Sidell, F. (2007). Chemical Warfare Agents: Toxicology and Treatment, John Wiley & Sons.10.1002/9780470060032 ↗
4. Brief overview of chemical terrorism and its consequences10.3109/15569543.2011.594784 ↗
5. Report on 640 victims of the Tokyo subway sarin attack10.1016/S0196-0644(96)70052-5 ↗
6. The Tokyo subway sarin attack: Disaster management, Part 1: Community emergency response10.1111/j.1553-2712.1998.tb02470.x ↗
7. The Tokyo subway sarin attack: Disaster management, part 2: Hospital response10.1111/j.1553-2712.1998.tb02471.x ↗
8. The Tokyo subway sarin attack—lessons learned10.1016/j.taap.2005.02.032 ↗
9. Poolos, J. (2002). The Nerve Gas Attack on the Tokyo Subway, The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc.
10. Agent-based modeling of emergency evacuation in a railway station square under sarin terrorist attack10.1142/S1793962317500222 ↗
11. Mysore, V., Narzisi, G., and Mishra, B. (2006, January 8). Agent modeling of a sarin attack in manhattan. Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Agent Technology for Disaster Management, ATDM, Hakodate, Japan.
12. Unexpected nerve gas exposure in the city of Matsumoto: Report of rescue activity in the first sarin gas terrorism10.1016/S0735-6757(97)90201-1 ↗
13. The Use of Chemical Weapons in the Syrian Conflict10.3390/toxics2030391 ↗
14. The Different Sensitive Behaviors of a Hydrogen-Bond Acidic Polymer-Coated SAW Sensor for Chemical Warfare Agents and Their Simulants10.3390/s150818302 ↗
15. Lobotka, M., Pitschmann, V., and Matějovský, L. (2019). Detection Papers with Metal Complexes with Triphenylmethane Dyes for the Detection of G-Series Nerve Agents (Sarin, Soman, Cyclosarin) in the Liquid Phase. Chemosensors, 7.10.3390/chemosensors7040059 ↗
16. Samuelson, K. (2020, February 16). Syria Attack: What Is Sarin Gas?. Available online: https://time.com/4728846/sarin-/.
17. McNamara, B., and Leitnaker, L. (2020, February 18). Fact Sheet on Exposure Limits for Sarin. Available online: https://gulflink.health.mil/dugway/low_lv_chem_fact.htm.
18. A standard protocol for describing individual-based and agent-based models10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.04.023 ↗
19. Pattern-oriented modeling of agent-based complex systems: Lessons from ecology10.1126/science.1116681 ↗
20. Using multiple scale spatio-temporal patterns for validating spatially explicit agent-based models10.1080/13658816.2018.1535121 ↗
21. Pattern-oriented modeling of bird foraging and pest control in coffee farms10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.07.009 ↗
22. Borshchev, A. (2013). The Big Book of Simulation Modeling: Multimethod Modeling with AnyLogic 6, AnyLogic North America.10.1002/9781118762745.ch12 ↗
23. Akira (2019, November 11). Dr. Theodore Postol on the Fabricated Sarin “Attack”: PODCAST, 2017. Available online: https://4threvolutionarywar.wordpress.com/2017/04/29/dr-theodore-postol-on-the-fabricated-sarin-attack-podcast/.
24. (2020, January 16). Commuting to Work Is a Hard with Crowded Train in Tokyo. Available online: https://mansionmarket-lab.com/commuter-rush-ranking.
25. Smithson, A.E., and Levy, L. (2020, April 24). Rethinking the lessons of Tokyo. Ataxia Chem. Biol. Terrorism Threat and the US Response (Report) 2000. Henry L. Stimson Centre. pp. 91, 95,100. Report No. 35. Available online: https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/files/file-attachments/atxchapter3_1.pdf.