journal article·2019-09-09Open access

A Bayesian Approach in the Evaluation of Unit Weight of Mineral and Organic Soils Based on Dilatometer Tests (DMT)

Simon Rabarijoely

Applied Sciences· Volume 9· Issue 18

Abstract

Recently, geotechnical problems that are characterized by a high degree of complexity and uncertainty with respect to input data have been solved using Bayesian analysis. One example is the problem of cautious estimation of geotechnical parameters according to Eurocode 7 requirements. The research included various types of soil such as peat, gyttja, organic mud, and clays. These were studied in order to develop an empirical correlation for determining the unit weight of mineral and organic soils. The compiled database of documented field research sites for different types of soil was used to investigate and develop direct relationships between measured results and dilatometer (DMT) readings, i.e., po and p1 together with pore water pressure (uo) and pressure (Pa). The soil unit weights were determined for both mineral and organic soils. The paper addresses the applicability of the Bayesian approach in geotechnics via a simple example related to the determination of characteristic values of geotechnical parameters for design structures. The results show that it is possible to conduct a more reliable forecast with improved statistical measures compared to other available methods for multilayer subsoils.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis · Soil and Unsaturated Flow · Soil Geostatistics and Mapping

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159 St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland

References (48)

Show source-provided references
1. EN 1997-1 (2001). Eurocode 7: Geotechnical Design—Part 1, CEN. General Rules.
2. Jamiolkowski, M., Leroueil, S., and Presti, D.C.F.L. (1991, January 3–6). Design parameters from theory to practice. Theme lecture. Proceedings of the International Conference on Geotechnical Engineer for Costal Development, Yokahama, Japan.
3. Młynarek, Z. (1997). Laboratory Tests and In Situ Ground Investigation Report, Mat. na XI Kraj. Konf. Mech. Grunt. i Fund. (In Polish).
4. In Situ Tests by Flat Dilatometer
5. Alén, C.G. (1998). On probability in Geotechnics. Random Calculation Models Exemplified on Slope Stability Analysis and Ground-Superstructure Interaction. [Ph.D. Thesis, Chalmers University of Technology].
6. Statistical fitting of undrained strength data10.1680/geot.13.P.007 ↗
7. Li, S., Wu, Y., Xu, Y., Hu, J., and Hu, J. (2018). A Bayesian Network Based Adaptability Design of Product Structures for Function Evolution. Appl. Sci., 8.10.3390/app8040493 ↗
8. Oh, H.-J., Syifa, M., Lee, C.-W., and Lee, S. (2019). Land Subsidence Susceptibility Mapping Using Bayesian, Functional, and Meta-Ensemble Machine Learning Models. Appl. Sci., 9.10.3390/app9061248 ↗
9. Feng, Q., Sha, S., and Dai, L. (2019). Bayesian Survival Analysis Model for Girth Weld Failure Prediction. Appl. Sci., 9.10.3390/app9061150 ↗
10. Bleistein, N., and Handelsman, R. (1986). Asymptotic: Expansions of Integrals, Dover.
11. Marchetti, S. (1975, January 1–4). A new in situ test for the measurement of horizontal soil deformability. Proceedings of the Conference on In Situ Measurement of Soil Properties, Raleigh, NC, USA.
12. Lutenegger, A.J., and Kabir, M.G. (1988, January 20–24). Dilatometer C-reading to help determine stratigraphy. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Penetration Testing ISOPT-1, Orlando, FL, USA.
13. Marchetti, S., Monaco, P., Totani, G., and Calabrese, M. (2006, January 2–6). The flat dilatometer test (DMT) in soil investigations: A Report by the ISSMGE committee TC 16. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Flat Dilatometer, Washington, DC, USA.
14. Long, M., Boylan, N., Powell, J., O’Connor, S., and Donohue, S. (2010, January 27). Characterisation of the soils beneath the flood banks along the River Thames estuary. Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop–Soil Parameters from In Situ Tests, Poznań, Poland.
15. Mayne, P.W., and Robertson, P.K. (2010, January 9–11). CPTU, DMT, SDMT results for organic and fluvial soils. Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Cone Penetration Testing (CPT’10), Huntington Beach, CA, USA.
16. Interpretation of CPTU and SDMT in organic, Irish soils
17. Bałachowski, L., and Kurek, N. (2015, January 14–16). Vibroflotation Control of Sandy Soils using DMT and CPTU. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Flat Dilatometer, Rome, Italy.10.2478/sgem-2014-0014 ↗
18. Godlewski, T., and Wszędyrówny-Nast, M. (2016, January 22–24). Correlations of Regional Geotechnical Parameters on the Basis of CPTU and DMT Tests. Proceedings of the 13th Baltic Sea Region Geotechnical Conference Historical Experience and Challenges of Geotechnical Problems in Baltic Sea Region, Vilnius, Lithuania.10.3846/13bsgc.2016.002 ↗
19. Cavallaro, A., Ferraro, A., Grasso, S., and Maugeri, M. (2008, January 8–11). Site Response Analysis of the Monte Po Hill in the City of Catania. Proceedings of the 2008 Seismic Engineering International Conference Commemorating the 1908 Messina and Reggio Calabria Earthquake MERCEA’08, Reggio Calabria, Italy.10.1063/1.2963841 ↗
20. Marchetti, S., Monaco, P., Totani, G., and Marchetti, D. (2008, January 9–12). In situ tests by Seismic Dilatometer (SDMT). Proceedings of the Symposium Honoring Dr. John H. Schmertmann for His Contributions to Civil Engineering at Research to Practice in Geotechnical Engineering Congress, New Orleans, LA, USA.10.1061/40962(325)7 ↗
21. Seismic Flat Dilatometer tests in Connecticut Valley varved clay10.1520/GTJ19970011 ↗
22. Seismic Flat Dilatometer in Piedmont residual soils
23. Monaco, P., Marchetti, S., Totani, G., and Marchetti, D. (2009, January 15–17). Interrelationship between small strain modulus Go and operative modulus. Proceedings of the International Conference on Performance-Based Design in Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering (IS-Tokyo 2009), Tsukuba, Japan.
24. Cavallaro, A., Capilleri, P., and Grasso, S. (2018). Site Characterization by in Situ and Laboratory Tests for Liquefaction Potential Evaluation during Emilia Romagna Earthquake. Geosciences, 8.10.3390/geosciences8070242 ↗
25. Marchetti, S., and Crapps, D.K. (1981). Flat Dilatometer Manual, GPE Inc.. Internal Report of GPE.
26. Suggested Method for Performing the Flat Dilatometer Test10.1520/GTJ11035J ↗
27. Mayne, P.W., Christopher, B.R., and DeJong, J. (2002). Subsurface Investigations: Geotechnical Site Characterization, Publication No. FHWA-NHI-01-031.
28. The interpretation of the Marchetti dilatometer test in UK clays
29. Commentary on Marchetti flat dilatometer correlations in soils10.1520/GTJ10896J ↗
30. CPTU and DMT for estimating soil unit weight of Lake Bonneville clay
31. Ozer, A.T., Bartlett, S.F., and Lawton, E.C. (2006, January 2–6). DMT Testing for consolidation properties of Lake Bonneville clay. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Flat Dilatometer, Washington, DC, USA.
32. New DMT method for evaluating soil unit weight in soft to firm clays
33. Wolski, W., Szymański, A., Lechowicz, Z., Larsson, R., Hartlen, J., and Bergdahl, U. (1989). Full-Scale Failure Test on Stage-Constructed Test Fill on Organic Soil, Report 36.
34. Wolski, W., Szymański, A., Mirecki, J., Lechowicz, Z., Larsson, R., Hartlen, J., Garbulewski, K., and Bergdahl, U. (1988). Two Stage-Constructed Embankments on Organic Soils, Report 32.
35. Rabarijoely, S. (2000). The Use of Dilatometer Test for Evaluation of Organic Soil Parameters. [Ph.D. Thesis, Warsaw Agricultural University]. (In Polish).
36. Lechowicz, Z., Rabarijoely, S., and Szczypiński, P. (2004). The Use of Dilatometer Test to Determine the Type and State of Organic Soils, Przegląd Naukowy Wydziału Melioracji i Inżynierii Środowiska; SGGW. (In Polish).
37. (2000–2005). Interrim Reports—Geotechnical Documentations for Design SGGW Campus Building (2000–2005), Department of Geotechnical Engineering, SGGW.
38. (1986). PN-86/B-02480: Building Soils. Terms, Symbols, Division and Description of Soil, Polish Committee for Standardization (PKN). (In Polish).
39. ASTM D6635 (2001). Standard Test Method for Performing the Flat Dilatometer, American Society of Testing Materials International.
40. ISSMGE (2017, September 17). Joint TC205/TC304 Working Group on “Discussion of Statistical/Reliability Methods for Eurocodes”—Chapter 1 Transformation Models and Multivariate Soil Databases. Available online: https://www.icsmge2017.org/download/19th%20ICSMGE_Workshop_TC205&304.pdf.
41. Correlations for undrained shear strength of Finnish soft clays10.1139/cgj-2016-0037 ↗
42. Modeling parameters of structured clays as a multivariate normal distribution10.1139/t2012-015 ↗
43. Multivariate distribution for undrained shear strengths under various test procedures10.1139/cgj-2013-0002 ↗
44. Transformations and correlations among some clay parameters–The global database10.1139/cgj-2013-0262 ↗
45. Correlations among some clay parameters–The multivariate distribution10.1139/cgj-2013-0353 ↗
46. Ching, J., Li, D.Q., and Phoon, K.K. (2016). Statistical characterization of multivariate geotechnical data. Reliability of Geotechnical Structures in ISO2394, CRC Press.10.1201/9781315364179-5 ↗
47. Multivariate probability distribution for some intact rock properties
48. Schneider, H.R. (1997, January 6–12). Panel discussion: Definition and determination of characteristic soil properties. Proceedings of the XIV ICSMFE, Hamburg, Germany.