Analytical Solution and Experimental Validation of the Electromagnetic Field in an IPT System
Source abstract
Abstract
This paper introduces the working principle of the inductive power transfer (IPT) system from the perspective of the electromagnetic field. Using Maxwell’s equations, the analytical solution for the electromagnetic field, synthesized by the primary and secondary circular coils in an IPT system, is deduced in detail to obtain the electric field in the IPT system, and the derivation process is easy to understand for researchers engaged in IPT. The final solutions are obtained by combining analytical derivation and the numerical integration method to find the induced voltage in the secondary coil. Finally, by comparison, the simulation results from the finite element software are in a good agreement with those from the analytical analysis. Moreover, an IPT system is set up to validate the analytical and simulation results, and the maximal relative error is under 6% in different working conditions, which shows that it is feasible to understand the working principle of IPT systems from the viewpoint of the electromagnetic field.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Wireless Power Transfer Systems · Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks · Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
References (18)
Show source-provided references
1. Wireless Power Transfer for Electric Vehicle Applications10.1109/JESTPE.2014.2319453 ↗
2. Design and Implementation of Shaped Magnetic-Resonance-Based Wireless Power Transfer System for Roadway-Powered Moving Electric Vehicles10.1109/TIE.2013.2258294 ↗
3. Kyungmin, N., Heedon, J., Sai, K.O., and Franklin, B. (2013, January 9–11). An improved wireless power transfer system with adaptive technique for Implantable Biomedical Devices. Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Workshop Series on RF and Wireless Technologies for Biomedical and Healthcare Applications (IMWS-BIO), Singapore.
4. Ultracompact Implantable Design with Integrated Wireless Power Transfer and RF Transmission Capabilities10.1109/TBCAS.2017.2787649 ↗
5. Nathan, S.J., and Francesco, C. (2016, January 5–6). Enabling wireless power transfer though a metal encased handheld device. Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE Wireless Power Transfer Conference (IPTC), Aveiro, Portugal.
6. Shou, W., and Dawei, G. (2016, January 5–7). Power transfer efficiency analysis of the 4-coil wireless power transfer system based on circuit theory and coupled-mode theory. Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE 11th Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA), Hefei, China.
7. Efficient weakly-radiative wireless energy transfer: An EIT-like approach10.1016/j.aop.2009.05.005 ↗
8. Manasi, B., Vikaram, S., and Chirag, W. (2015, January 7–14). Transmission of Wireless Power in two-coil and four-coil systems using coupled mode theory. Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE Aerospace Conference, Big Sky, MT, USA.
9. Mihai, D.R., Robin, T., Rard, A., Tan, Y.K., and Jan, K.S. (April, January 31). Numerical and experimental study of the effects of load and distance variation on wireless power transfer systems using magnetically coupled resonators. Proceedings of the 9th IET International Conference on Computation in Electromagnetics (CEM 2014), London, UK.
10. Hiroshi, H., Yuki, O., Nobuyoshi, K., and Kunio, S. (2011, January 12–13). Equivalent circuit of induction fed magnetic resonant IPT system. Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Workshop Series on Innovative Wireless Power Transmission: Technologies, Systems, and Applications, Kyoto, Japan.
11. Song, X., Liu, G., Li, Y., Zhang, C., and Xu, X. (April, January 30). Analyses and experiments of field-circuit coupling equations for wireless power transfer using solenoidal coils. Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE International Wireless Symposium (IWS 2015), Shenzhen, China.
12. Scholz, P. (2010). Analysis and Numerical Modeling of Inductively Coupled Antenna Systems. [Ph.D. Thesis, Technique University Darmstadt].
13. Calculation of self- and mutual impedances in planar sandwich inductors10.1109/20.573844 ↗
14. Kraus, J.D. (1988). The Loop Antenna. Antennas, McGRAW-Hill International Publishing Company. [2nd ed.]. Chapter 6.
15. An exact integration procedure for vector potentials of thin circular loop antennas10.1109/8.481642 ↗
16. Marinus, P., and Friedrich, W.F. (2014, January 20–22). Development of a 5 kW Inductive Power Transfer System Including Control Strategy for Electric Vehicles. Proceedings of the International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management, Nuremberg, Germany.
17. Frank, O. (1994, January 20–24). Boundary integral equation technique defined on a spherical surface with different applications in electromagnetics and acoustics. Proceedings of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium and URSI National Radio Science Meeting, Seattle, WA, USA.
18. Yabiao, G., Zion, T.H.T., and Antonio, G. (2017, January 26–30). Analytical method for mutual inductance and optimum frequency calculation in a series-series compensated inductive power transfer system. Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), Tampa, FL, USA.