Development of an Active Sound Generation System for Sound Quality in EVs at Constant Speed Combined with Subjective Evaluation
Source abstract
Abstract
In order to improve the comfort and dynamic sense of the interior sound of PEVs when driving at a constant speed, this paper carried out research on the evaluation method of the interior sound quality of EVs and the development of an active sound generation system (ASGS). The investigation and research on the sound development trend of EV interiors were carried out. Combined with subjective evaluation methods and test results, a constant-speed vehicle interior sound design method was proposed, which focused on three dimensions: engine order composition, spectral energy distribution, and sound amplitude enhancement in the typical vehicle speed range. The internal sound spectrum of FVs was analyzed, and the engine order sound simulation analysis was completed. It is verified that the short-time Fourier transform and synthesis technology based on Kaiser window function can meet the requirements of engine order sound fitting accuracy. To formulate the sound design plan, control objectives and control methods of an A-class pure electric SUV with both comfort and dynamic sense during accelerated driving, the correlation between the engine order sound amplitude and dynamic sense in the vehicle was analyzed, and the setting of active sound parameters of EVs was clarified. The control hardware and software of ASGS in the vehicle was developed, the construction of ASGS based on the vehicle sound system completed, and test verification was conducted. The objective test of the real vehicle shows that ASGS ensures a low-amplitude interior noise level. When the vehicle speed is 28.6 km/h, the sharpness is reduced by 0.52 acum, and the subjective evaluation test of the real vehicle further verifies that ASGS can improve the comfort and dynamic sound quality of EVs driving at a constant speed.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Vehicle Noise and Vibration Control · Acoustic Wave Phenomena Research · Noise Effects and Management
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
College of Vehicle and Traffic Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
General R&D Institute of China FAW Group Co., Ltd., Changchun 130022, China
Funding
Major Science and Technology Project of Henan Province · Key Scientific Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province · National Key Research and Development Program of China
References (39)
Show source-provided references
1. Objective Evaluation of Whine Noise of Electric Vehicle according to the Characteristics of Sound-absorbing Materials10.5050/KSNVE.2017.27.7.829 ↗
2. Wagner-Hartl, V., Graf, B., Resch, M., and Langjahr, P. (2012, January 16–18). Subjective Evaluation of EV Sounds: A Human-Centered Approach. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Human Systems Engineering and Design: Future Trends and Applications, Munich, Germany.
3. Pleasantness and magnitude of tonal content of electric vehicle interior sounds containing subharmonics10.1016/j.apacoust.2021.108442 ↗
4. Development of sound-quality indexes in a car cabin owing to the acoustic characteristics of absorption materials10.1016/j.apacoust.2018.09.004 ↗
5. A study on sound quality of vehicle engine sportiness using factor analysis10.1007/s12206-020-0805-0 ↗
6. Wang, D.F., Tan, G.P., Chen, S.M., Jiang, J.G., and Su, L.L. (2012, January 14–15). Research on Speech Intelligibility of Sound Field inside Passenger Car. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on MEMS, NANO and Smart Systems (ICMENS 2011), Shangsha, China.
7. Qian, K., Hou, Z.C., and SUN, D.K. (2020). Sound Quality Estimation of Electric Vehicles Based on GA-BP Artificial Neural Networks. Appl. Sci., 10.10.3390/app10165567 ↗
8. Contribution of acoustic harmonics to sound quality of pure electric powertrains10.1049/iet-epa.2017.0824 ↗
9. A Novel Sound Quality Evaluation Method of the Diagnosis of Abnormal Noise in Interior Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motors for Electric Vehicles10.1109/TIE.2017.2652718 ↗
10. Artificial Engine Sound Synthesis Method for Modification of the Acoustic Characteristics of Electric Vehicles10.1155/2018/5209207 ↗
11. The subjective dimensions of sound quality of standard production electric vehicles10.1016/j.apacoust.2017.08.012 ↗
12. An Improved Method for Objective Quality Assessment of Multichannel Audio Codecs10.1587/transfun.E94.A.1747 ↗
13. Design and Generation of a Target Sound to Achieve the Desired Sound Quality Inside a Car Cabin10.1007/s12239-020-0036-5 ↗
14. A Sound Quality Objective Evaluation Method Based on Auditory Peripheral Simulation Model10.1016/S1672-6529(09)60208-0 ↗
15. Subjective and Objective Sound-Quality Evaluation of Adaptive Feedback Cancellation Algorithms10.1109/TASLP.2018.2808042 ↗
16. Objective sound quality evaluation for the vehicle interior noise based on responses of the basilar membrane in the human ear10.1016/j.apacoust.2020.107619 ↗
17. Implementation of Interior Noise Control System Using Digital Adaptive Filter for On-Road Car Applications10.1007/s11277-018-6023-8 ↗
18. Automatic Evaluation of Internal Combustion Engine Noise Based on an Auditory Model10.1155/2019/2898219 ↗
19. Sound quality prediction of vehicle interior noise and mathematical modeling using a back propagation neural network (BPNN) based on particle swarm optimization (PSO)10.1088/0957-0233/27/1/015801 ↗
20. Sound quality prediction for power coupling mechanism of HEV based on CEEMD-HT and RVM10.1007/s00521-020-04934-3 ↗
21. Lee, H., and Park, Y. (2019, January 9–12). Adaptive Algorithm of Active Sound Design for the Engine Noise. Proceedings of the 12th Asian Control Conference (ASCC), Kitakyushu, Japan.
22. Active broadband sound quality control algorithm with accurate predefined sound pressure level10.1016/j.apacoust.2016.12.009 ↗
23. Active control for vehicle interior noise using the improved iterative variable step-size and variable tap-length LMS algorithms10.3397/1/376737 ↗
24. An improved LMS algorithm for active sound-quality control of vehicle interior noise based on auditory masking effect10.1016/j.ymssp.2018.02.018 ↗
25. A computationally efficient active sound quality control algorithm using local secondary-path estimation for vehicle interior noise10.1016/j.ymssp.2021.108698 ↗
26. Kato, T., Kitamura, T., Maehara, F., and Nakayama, H. (November, January 31). Development wall surface speaker for ultra-compact EV. Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), Gyeongju, Korea.
27. Active control of vehicle’s interior sound field by using multichannel H-infinity robust controller10.1177/0954407019848523 ↗
28. Active Control of Engine Sound Quality in a Passenger Car Using a Virtual Error Microphone10.1007/s10766-019-00633-2 ↗
29. Zhang, X.J. (2020, January 15–16). The Co-Pilot Position of Vehicle Noise Quality Prediction Based on SVM. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Material Science and Environmental Engineering (MSEE), Wuhan, China.
30. Development of a sound quality index for the evaluation of booming noise of a passenger car based on regressive correlation
31. Feng, T., Sun, G.H., Xu, J., Li, M.F., and Lim, T.C. (2015, January 12–16). Frequency domain inverse model lms algorithm for active sound tuning system of powertrain noise. Proceedings of the 22nd International Congress on Sound and Vibration (ICSV), Florence, Italy.
32. Analysis and Optimization of Low-Speed Road Noise in Electric Vehicles10.1155/2021/5537704 ↗
33. Development of Exhaust Sound Quality on Aston Martin V8 Vantage10.4271/2008-01-0895 ↗
34. Automobile Powertrain Sound Quality Development Using a Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) Approach10.4271/2015-01-2336 ↗
35. Objective assessment of vehicle interior noise quality
36. A Systematic Approach to Engine Sound Design for Enhancing Sound Character by Active Sound Design10.4271/2017-01-1756 ↗
37. Sound quality analysis of the powertrain booming noise in a Diesel passenger car10.1016/j.egypro.2017.08.189 ↗
38. Short time coupled fractional fourier transform and the uncertainty principle10.1515/fca-2021-0029 ↗
39. Lai, Z., Xiao, Z., Zhang, G., and Wang, G. (2018, January 15–16). Application of FFT Interpolation Correction Algorithm Based on Window Function in Power Harmonic Analysis. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Environmental Science and Material Application (ESMA 2018), Xi’an, China.