Calcium Hydroxide Removal Using Four Different Irrigation Systems: A Quantitative Evaluation by Scanning Electron Microscopy
Source abstract
Abstract
This study compares conventional endodontic needle irrigation, passive ultrasonic irrigation, apical negative pressure irrigation, and mechanical activation to remove calcium hydroxide from single straight root canals. Eighty-four mandibular premolars were prepared in a crown-down manner up to size #40. Two teeth represented a negative control, and another two served as a positive control. Calcium hydroxide paste was placed inside root canals. The remaining eighty samples were analyzed based on the activation techniques, and the cleanliness of the canals was quantified using Fiji’s software on 500× magnified SEM backscattered electron micrographs. Considering the whole canal, all instruments showed better performance than conventional endodontic needle irrigation in removing calcium hydroxide (p < 0.05). Irrisafe and XP-endo Finisher could remove a significantly higher amount of calcium hydroxide than Endovac (p < 0.05). Irrisafe and XP-endo Finisher have been able to remove more calcium hydroxide than EndoVac.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Endodontics and Root Canal Treatments · Dental Radiography and Imaging · Dental materials and restorations
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance (CHIMOMO), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
Section of Human Morphology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
Product Engineer, Beckett Thermal Solution, 41043 Formigine, Italy
Independent Researcher, 88900 Crotone, Italy
Private Practice, 40122 Bologna, Italy
Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
References (31)
Show source-provided references
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