Bone Regeneration by Dedifferentiated Fat Cells Using Composite Sponge of Alfa-Tricalcium Phosphate and Gelatin in a Rat Calvarial Defect Model
Source abstract
Abstract
Mechanical and resorbable scaffolds are in high demand for stem cell-based regenerative medicine, to treat refractory bone defects in craniofacial abnormalities and injuries. Multipotent progenitor cells, such as dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells, are prospective sources for regenerative therapies. Herein, we aimed to demonstrate that a composite gelatin sponge (α-TCP/GS) of alfa-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) mixed with gelatin scaffolds (GS), with/without DFATs, induced bone regeneration in a rat calvarial defect model in vivo. α-TCP/GS was prepared by mixing α-TCP and 2% GS using vacuum-heated methods. α-TCP/GS samples with/without DFATs were transplanted into the model. After 4 weeks of implantation, the samples were subjected to micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) and histological analysis. α-TCP/GS possessed adequate mechanical strength; α-TCP did not convert to hydroxyapatite upon contact with water, as determined by X-ray diffraction. Moreover, stable α-TCP/GS was formed by electrostatic interactions, and verified based on the infrared peak shifts. μ-CT analyses showed that bone formation was higher in the α-TCP/GS+ DFAT group than in the α-TCP/GS group. Therefore, the implantation of α-TCP/GS comprising DFAT cells enhanced bone regeneration and vascularization, demonstrating the potential for healing critical-sized bone defects.
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Research context
OpenAlex topics: Bone Tissue Engineering Materials · Mesenchymal stem cell research · Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuha-hanazono-cho, Hirakata City 573-1121, Japan
Second Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka Dental University, 1-5-17, Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 540-0008, Japan
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 1-5-17, Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 540-0008, Japan
Department of Oral Anatomy, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuha-hanazono-cho, Hirakata City 573-1121, Japan
Department of Biomaterials, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuha-hanazono-cho, Hirakata City 573-1121, Japan
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