An Electric Load Simulator for Engine Camless Valvetrains
Source abstract
Abstract
Camless valvetrains have become a promising direction to improve the performance of internal combustion engines. In this paper, an electric load simulator is proposed to simulate and implement gas force on the exhaust valve for camless valvetrains under semi-physical conditions. According to test data, the 1D gas-dynamic model was established to get boundary conditions and initial values for 3D finite element simulation. The 3D finite element simulation model was solved to obtain the gas force characteristics of the exhaust valve for camless valvetrains. The electromagnetic actuator was designed according to the system scheme and performance requirements of the electric load simulator. The PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) algorithm was designed to control the output force of the electric load simulator and reproduce the gas force characteristics of the exhaust valve. It was found that the output force of the electric load simulator could follow the variation of the target gas force and meet the performance requirements of the electric load simulator based on simulation results and experimental results.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems · Advanced Sensor and Control Systems · Real-time simulation and control systems
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Funding
National Natural Science Foundation of China
References (27)
Show source-provided references
1. Ha, K.P., Han, D., and Kim, W.T. (2010). Development of Continuously Variable Valve Lift Engine, SAE. SAE Technical Paper.10.4271/2010-01-1187 ↗
2. Improvement of valve seating performance of engine’s electromagnetic valvetrain10.1016/j.mechatronics.2011.08.002 ↗
3. Compensating combustion forces for automotive electromagnetic valves10.1016/j.mechatronics.2010.03.003 ↗
4. Flatness-Based Tracking of an Electromechanical Variable Valve Timing Actuator with Disturbance Observer Feedforward Compensation10.1109/TCST.2007.912121 ↗
5. Schernus, C., Van Der Staay, F., Janssen, H., Neumeister, J., Vogt, B., Donee, L., Estlimbaum, I., Nicole, E., and Maerky, C. (2002). Modeling of Exhaust Valve Opening in a Camless Engine, SAE. SAE Technical Paper.10.4271/2002-01-0376 ↗
6. Control of an electro-mechanical valve actuator for a camless engine10.1002/rnc.903 ↗
7. Iterative Learning Control for Soft Landing of Electromechanical Valve Actuator in Camless Engines10.1109/TCST.2003.809242 ↗
8. Extremum seeking control for soft landing of an electromechanical valve actuator10.1016/j.automatica.2004.01.027 ↗
9. Parameter Identification for Electrohydraulic Valvetrain Systems10.1115/1.4004780 ↗
10. Robust Hybrid Control Based on PD and Novel CMAC with Improved Architecture and Learning Scheme for Electric Load Simulator10.1109/TIE.2014.2301717 ↗
11. Robust force control with a feed-forward inverse model controller for electro-hydraulic control loading systems of flight simulators10.1016/j.mechatronics.2016.06.004 ↗
12. Yang, B., Bao, R., Zhang, M., and Wei, Q. (2017). A KCMAC-PD controller with reduced memory and optimized mapping for the torque control of electric load simulator. Trans. Inst. Meas. Control.10.1177/0142331217705708 ↗
13. Force control for hydraulic load simulator using self-tuning grey predictor—fuzzy PID10.1016/j.mechatronics.2008.07.007 ↗
14. A fuzzy controller for an aero-load simulator using phase plane method10.1109/87.960342 ↗
15. Wang, X., and Wang, S. (2011, January 21–23). High performance torque controller design for electric load simulator. Proceedings of the 2011 6th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications, Beijing, China.10.1109/ICIEA.2011.5976013 ↗
16. Chen, K., Wang, J., Yan, J., and Huang, Y. (2008, January 25–27). Experiment and study of electric loading simulator for linear rudder. Proceedings of the IEEE 2008 7th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation, Chongqing, China.
17. Han, S., Jiao, Z., Yao, J., and Shang, Y. (2014). Compound Velocity Synchronizing Control Strategy for Electro-Hydraulic Load Simulator and Its Engineering Application. J. Dyn. Syst. Meas. Control.10.1115/1.4026921 ↗
18. Basic, G. (2003; doi:10393/26323). Hardware-In-The-Loop Simulation of Mechanical Loads for Mechatronics System Design. [Ph.D. Thesis, University of Ottawa].
19. Adaptive velocity synchronization compound control of electro-hydraulic load simulator10.1016/j.ast.2015.01.018 ↗
20. A novel vibration actuator based on active magnetic spring10.1016/j.sna.2017.07.041 ↗
21. A High-Speed Sliding-Mode Observer for the Sensor-less Speed Control of a PMSM10.1109/TIE.2010.2098357 ↗
22. Self-sensing applications for electromagnetic actuators10.1016/j.sna.2004.05.003 ↗
23. Hota, R., Munjal, M., and Mukherjee, N. (2008). Evaluation of Engine Acoustic Source Characteristics Using AVL BOOST Software, Mechanical Engineering.
24. Baburic, M., Željko, B., and Neven, D. (2002, January 24–27). A New Approach to CFD Research: Combining AVL’s Fire Code with User Combustion Model. Proceedings of the International Conference Information Technology Interfaces, Cavtat, Croatia.
25. Analysis and Design of a Speed Controller for Electric Load Simulators10.1109/TIE.2016.2592861 ↗
26. Mercorelli, P., and Werner, N. (2016). An Adaptive Resonance Regulator Design for Motion Control of Intake Valves in Camless Engine Systems. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron.10.1109/TIE.2016.2606091 ↗
27. Force Ripple Compensation in Linear Motors Based on Closed-Loop Position-Dependent Identification10.1109/TMECH.2009.2026045 ↗