journal article·2021-04-16Open access

Automatic Identification of Different Types of Consumer Configurations by Using Harmonic Current Measurements

Max Domagk, Irene Yu-Hua Gu, Jan Meyer, Peter Schegner

Applied Sciences· Volume 11· Issue 8

Abstract

Power quality (PQ) is an increasing concern in the distribution networks of modern industrialized countries. The PQ monitoring activities of distribution system operators (DSO), and consequently the amount of PQ measurement data, continuously increase, and consequently new and automated tools are required for efficient PQ analysis. Time characteristics of PQ parameters (e.g., harmonics) usually show characteristic daily and weekly cycles, mainly caused by the usage behaviour of electric devices. In this paper, methods are proposed for the classification of harmonic emission profiles for typical consumer configurations in public low voltage (LV) networks using a binary decision tree in combination with support vector machines. The performance of the classification was evaluated based on 40 different measurement sites in German public LV grids. This method can support network operators in the identification of consumer configurations and the early detection of fundamental changes in harmonic emission behaviour. This enables, for example, assistance in resolving customer complaints or supporting network planning by managing PQ levels using typical harmonic emission profiles.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Power Quality and Harmonics · Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation · Electricity Theft Detection Techniques

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Institute of Electrical Power Systems and High Voltage Engineering, Technische Universitaet Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany

Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

References (39)

Show source-provided references
1. Santoso, S., McGranaghan, M.F., Dugan, R.C., and Beaty, H.W. (2012). Electrical Power Systems Quality, McGraw-Hill Professional. [3rd ed.].
2. Arrillaga, J., and Watson, N.R. (2003). Power System Harmonics, Wiley.10.1002/0470871229 ↗
3. No-load loss calculation of distribution transformers supplied by nonsinusoidal voltage using three-dimensional finite element analysis10.1016/j.energy.2012.09.050 ↗
4. Zavoda, F. (2008, January 10–13). The key role of intelligent electronic devices (IED) in advanced Distribution Automation (ADA). Proceedings of the 2008 China International Conference on Electricity Distribution, Guangzhou, China.10.1109/CICED.2008.5211637 ↗
5. Large Scale Proactive Power-Quality Monitoring: An Example from Australia10.1109/TPWRD.2016.2562680 ↗
6. Kilter, J., Elphick, S., Meyer, J., and Milanovic, J.V. (2014, January 25–28). Guidelines for Power quality monitoring—Results from CIGRE/CIRED JWG C4.112. Proceedings of the 2014 16th International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power (ICHQP), Bucharest, Romania.10.1109/ICHQP.2014.6842924 ↗
7. Meyer, J., Schegner, P., and Eberl, G. (October, January 28). Increasing the reliability of indices for power quality assessment in distribution networks. Proceedings of the 2008 13th International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.10.1109/ICHQP.2008.4668787 ↗
8. Domagk, M., Meyer, J., and Schegner, P. (July, January 29). Seasonal variations in long-term measurements of power quality parameters. Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE Eindhoven PowerTech, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.10.1109/PTC.2015.7232396 ↗
9. Domagk, M., Meyer, J., and Schegner, P. (2012, January 10–14). Characterization of public low voltage grids by clustering time series of power quality parameters. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference, Istanbul, Turkey.
10. Assessing the Collective Harmonic Impact of Modern Residential Loads—Part I: Methodology10.1109/TPWRD.2012.2207132 ↗
11. Devarapalli, H.P., Dhanikonda, V.S.S.S.S., and Gunturi, S.B. (2020). Non-Intrusive Identification of Load Patterns in Smart Homes Using Percentage Total Harmonic Distortion. Energies, 13.10.3390/en13184628 ↗
12. Assessment of Prevailing Harmonic Current Emission in Public Low-Voltage Networks10.1109/TPWRD.2016.2558187 ↗
13. Domagk, M., Zyabkina, O., Meyer, J., and Schegner, P. (2015, January 7–30). Trend identification in power quality measurements. Proceedings of the 2015 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), Wollongong, Australia.10.1109/AUPEC.2015.7324851 ↗
14. Gil-De-Castro, A., Rönnberg, S., Bollen, M.H.J., Moreno-Munoz, A., and Pallares-Lopez, V. (2012, January 17–20). Harmonics from a domestic customer with different lamp technologies. Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE 15th International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power, Hong Kong, China.10.1109/ICHQP.2012.6381167 ↗
15. (2015). Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)—Part 4-30: Testing and Measurement Techniques—Power Quality Measurement Methods, IEC.
16. Bodnar, R., Otcenasova, A., Regul’A, M., and Szabo, D. (2014, January 2–14). Measurement of harmonics in low-voltage network on the border between SVK and CZE. Proceedings of the 2014 15th International Scientific Conference on Electric Power Engineering (EPE), Brno, Czech Republic.10.1109/EPE.2014.6839481 ↗
17. Kutt, L., Saarijärvi, E., Lehtonen, M., Mõlder, H., and Vinnal, T. (2014, January 11–13). Harmonic load of residential distribution network Case study monitoring results. Proceedings of the 2014 Electric Power Quality and Supply Reliability Conference (PQ), Rakvere, Estonia.10.1109/PQ.2014.6866791 ↗
18. Kouveliotis-Lysikatos, I., Kotsampopoulos, P., and Hatziargyriou, N. (July, January 29). Harmonic Study in LV networks with high penetration of PV systems. Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE Eindhoven PowerTech, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.10.1109/PTC.2015.7232639 ↗
19. A review of electric load classification in smart grid environment10.1016/j.rser.2013.03.023 ↗
20. Electrical Load Pattern Grouping Based on Centroid Model with Ant Colony Clustering10.1109/TPWRS.2012.2220159 ↗
21. Jiang, Z., Lin, R., and Yang, F. (2018). A Hybrid Machine Learning Model for Electricity Consumer Categorization Using Smart Meter Data. Energies, 11.10.3390/en11092235 ↗
22. Domagk, M. (2015). ‘Identifikation und Quantifizierung korrelativer Zusammenhänge zwischen elektrischer sowie klimatischer Umgebung und Elektroenergiequalität’. [Ph.D. Thesis, Technische Universität Dresden].
23. Meier, C.H., Adam, F.T., and Schieferdecker, B. (1999). Repräsentative VDEW-Lastprofile, VDEW.
24. Chakrabarti, S., Neapolitan, R.E., and Pyle, D. (2008). Data Mining: Know It All, Elsevier Science.
25. Lee, J.-S., and Oh, I.-S. (2003, January 3–6). Binary classification trees for multi-class classification problems. Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, Proceedings, Edinburgh, UK.
26. Linear Regression-Based Efficient SVM Learning for Large-Scale Classification10.1109/TNNLS.2014.2382123 ↗
27. Decision Tree and SVM-Based Data Analytics for Theft Detection in Smart Grid10.1109/TII.2016.2543145 ↗
28. Support Vector Machine-Based Islanding and Grid Fault Detection in Active Distribution Networks10.1109/JESTPE.2019.2916621 ↗
29. Method for classification of PQ events based on discrete Gabor transform with FIR window and T2FK-based SVM and its experimental verification10.1049/iet-gtd.2016.0703 ↗
30. Tunable-Q Wavelet Transform and Dual Multiclass SVM for Online Automatic Detection of Power Quality Disturbances10.1109/TSG.2016.2624313 ↗
31. Sha, H., Mei, F., Zhang, C., Pan, Y., and Zheng, J. (2019). Identification Method for Voltage Sags Based on K-means-Singular Value Decomposition and Least Squares Support Vector Machine. Energies, 12.10.3390/en12061137 ↗
32. Bravo-Rodríguez, J.C., Torres, F.J., and Borrás, M.D. (2020). Hybrid Machine Learning Models for Classifying Power Quality Disturbances: A Comparative Study. Energies, 13.10.3390/en13112761 ↗
33. Classification of Complex Power Quality Disturbances Using Optimized S-Transform and Kernel SVM10.1109/TIE.2019.2952823 ↗
34. Duda, R.O., Hart, P.E., and Stork, D.G. (2012). Pattern Classification, John Wiley & Sons. [2nd ed.].
35. Bollen, M.H.J., and Gu, I.Y.-H. (2006). Signal Processing of Power Quality Disturbances, Wiley.10.1002/0471931314 ↗
36. Abe, S. (2010). Support Vector Machines for Pattern Classification, Springer Science and Business Media LLC.10.1007/978-1-84996-098-4 ↗
38. Athimethphat, M., and Lerteerawong, B. (2012, January 16–18). Binary classification tree for multiclass classification with observation-based clustering. Proceedings of the 2012 9th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology, Phetchaburi, Thailand.10.1109/ECTICon.2012.6254173 ↗
39. Tukey, J.W. (1977). Exploratory Data Analysis, Addison-Wesley.