Numerical Analysis of EOD Helmet under Blast Load Events Using Human Head Model
Source abstract
Abstract
Brain injury resulting from improved explosives devices (IEDs) is identified as a challenge for force securities to improve protection equipment. This paper focuses on the mechanical response of explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) helmet under different blast loadings. Limited published studies on this type of helmet are available in the scientific literature. The results obtained show the blast performance of the EOD helmet because a decrease in the maximum values in the measured damage parameters is found. Therefore, an EOD helmet minimizes the risks of the severity of injuries on the user showing a low probability of injury.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Automotive and Human Injury Biomechanics · Combustion and Detonation Processes · Traffic and Road Safety
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Carlos III of Madrid, Avda. de la Universidad 30, Leganés, 28911 Madrid, Spain
Japan Automobile Research Institute, 2530 Karima, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0822, Japan
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, India
Department of Continuum Mechanics and Structural Analysis, University Carlos III of Madrid, Avda. de la Universidad 30, Leganés, 28911 Madrid, Spain
References (56)
Show source-provided references
1. Effect of Tissue Material Properties in Blast Loading: Coupled Experimentation and Finite Element Simulation10.1007/s10439-018-02178-w ↗
2. NATO Standarization Agency (2003). STANAG 2920 PPS—Ballistic Test Method for Personal Armour Materials and Combat Clothing, NATO. [2nd ed.].
3. NIJ (1981). NIJ Standard—0106.01.
4. Moore, D.F., Jérusalem, A., Nyein, M., Noels, L., Jaffee, M.S., and Radovitzky, R.A. (2009). Computational biology—Modeling of primary blast effects on the central nervous system. Neuroimage, 47.10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.02.019 ↗
5. Material modeling and ballistic-resistance analysis of armor-grade composites reinforced with high-performance fibers10.1007/s11665-009-9370-5 ↗
6. Computational investigation of shock-mitigation efficacy of polyurea when used in a combat helmet: A core sample analysis10.1108/15736101211269122 ↗
7. Primary blast survival and injury risk assessment for repeated blast exposures10.1097/TA.0b013e31821e8270 ↗
8. Brain injuries from blast10.1007/s10439-011-0424-0 ↗
9. Zhang, L., Makwana, R., and Sharma, S. (2013). Brain response to primary blast wave using validated finite element models of human head and advanced combat helmet. Front. Neurol., 4.10.3389/fneur.2013.00088 ↗
10. Rodríguez-Millán, M., Tan, L.B., Tse, K.M., Lee, H.P., and Miguélez, M.H. (2017). Effect of full helmet systems on human head responses under blast loading. Mater. Des.10.1016/j.matdes.2016.12.081 ↗
11. Sarvghad-Moghaddam, H., Rezaei, A., Ziejewski, M., and Karami, G. (2017). Evaluation of brain tissue responses because of the underwash overpressure of helmet and faceshield under blast loading. Int. J. Numer. Method. Biomed. Eng., 33.10.1002/cnm.2782 ↗
12. Examination of the protective roles of helmet/faceshield and directionality for human head under blast waves10.1080/10255842.2014.977878 ↗
13. Efficacy of visor and helmet for blast protection assessed using a computational head model10.1007/s00193-017-0732-x ↗
14. Protective Mechanism of Helmet Under Far-field Shock Wave10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2020.103617 ↗
15. Tan, L.B., Tse, K.M., Tan, Y.H., Sapingi, M.A.B., Tan, V.B.C., and Lee, H.P. (2017). Face shield design against blast-induced head injuries. Int. J. Numer. Method. Biomed. Eng., 33.10.1002/cnm.2884 ↗
16. The role of a composite polycarbonate-aerogel face shield in protecting the human brain from blast-induced injury: A fluid–structure interaction (FSI) study10.1177/1099636217733369 ↗
17. A Methodology for Assessing Blast Protection in Explosive Ordnance Disposal Bomb Suits10.1080/10803548.2005.11076655 ↗
18. Acceleration-based methodology to assess the blast mitigation performance of explosive ordnance disposal helmets10.1007/s00193-017-0737-5 ↗
19. Sepulveda-Lopez, D., Antona-Makoshi, J., Rubio, I., and Rodríguez-Millán, M. (2020). Numerical Analysis of Bicycle Helmet under Blunt Behavior. Appl. Sci., 10.10.20944/preprints202004.0534.v1 ↗
20. Antona-Makoshi, J. (2016). Traumatic Brain Injuries: Animal Experiments and Numerical Simulations to Support the Development of a Brain Injury Criterion, Chalmers University of Technology.
21. Van Hoof, J., Cronin, D.S., Worswick, M.J., Williams, K.V., and Nandlall, D. (2001, January 7–11). Numerical Head and Composite Helmet Models to Predict Blunt Trauma. Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Ballistics, Interlaken, Switzerland.
22. Performance of an advanced combat helmet with different interior cushioning systems in ballistic impact: Experiments and finite element simulations10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2012.06.003 ↗
23. Ballistic impact response of laminated composite panels10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2007.07.007 ↗
24. Impact resistance of a rectangular polycarbonate armor plate subjected to single and multiple impacts10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2008.12.005 ↗
25. Rubber elasticity10.1021/ed058p898 ↗
26. Li, Y.Q., Li, X.G., and Gao, X.L. (2015). Modeling of advanced combat helmet under ballistic impact. J. Appl. Mech. Trans. ASME, 82.10.1115/1.4031095 ↗
27. Behind helmet blunt trauma induced by ballistic impact: A computational model10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2015.12.010 ↗
28. Development of numerical model for ballistic resistance evaluation of combat helmet and experimental validation10.1016/j.matdes.2016.08.015 ↗
29. Rubio, I., Díaz-álvarez, A., Bernier, R., Rusinek, A., Loya, J.A., Miguelez, M.H., and Rodríguez-Millán, M. (2020). Postmortem analysis using different sensors and technologies on aramid composites samples after ballistic impact. Sensors, 20.10.3390/s20102853 ↗
30. Ballistic impact of a KEVLAR® helmet: Experiment and simulations10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2007.03.008 ↗
31. Ballistic performance of aramid composite combat helmet for protection against small projectiles10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111153 ↗
32. Effect of different helmet shell configurations on the protection against head trauma10.1177/0309324719835706 ↗
33. A Progressive Damage Model for Laminated Composites Containing Stress Concentrations10.1177/002199838702100904 ↗
34. Post-Failure Analysis of Bolted Composite Joints in Tension or Shear-Out Mode Failure10.1177/002199838702100903 ↗
35. Moss, W.C., King, M.J., and Blackman, E.G. (2009). Skull flexure from blast waves: A mechanism for brain injury with implications for helmet design. Phys. Rev. Lett., 103.10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.108702 ↗
36. McElhaney, J.H. (1976). Handbook of Human Tolerance, Japan Automobile Research Institute.
37. Melvin, J.W., and Yoganandan, N. (2015). Biomechanics of Brain Injury: A Historical Perspective, Springer.10.1007/978-1-4939-1732-7_9 ↗
38. Mechanical properties of bovine pia-arachnoid complex in shear10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.09.035 ↗
39. Material characterization of the brainstem from oscillatory shear tests10.1016/S0021-9290(98)00068-2 ↗
40. Development of a Finite Element Model of the Upper Cervical Spine and a Parameter Study of Ligament Characteristics10.1097/01.BRS.0000090820.99182.2D ↗
41. Geometric and Mechanical Properties of Human Cervical Spine Ligaments10.1115/1.1322034 ↗
42. Effect of helmet liner systems and impact directions on severity of head injuries sustained in ballistic impacts: A finite element (FE) study10.1007/s11517-016-1536-3 ↗
43. In silico investigation of intracranial blast mitigation with relevance to military traumatic brain injury10.1073/pnas.1014786107 ↗
44. Material-modeling and structural-mechanics aspects of the traumatic brain injury problem10.1108/15736101011080097 ↗
45. Fluid/Structure interaction computational investigation of blast-wave mitigation efficacy of the advanced combat helmet10.1007/s11665-010-9724-z ↗
46. Blast-wave impact-mitigation capability of polyurea when used as helmet suspension-pad material10.1016/j.matdes.2010.05.002 ↗
47. Energy dissipation of nanocomposite based helmets for blast-induced traumatic brain injury mitigation10.1016/j.compstruct.2014.08.028 ↗
48. Mott, D.R., Young, T.R., and Schwer, D.A. (2014, January 13–17). Blast Loading on the Head Under a Military Helmet: Effect of Face Shield and Mandible Protection. Proceedings of the 52nd Aerospace Sciences Meeting, National Harbor, MD, USA.10.2514/6.2014-0948 ↗
49. NIJ (2016). Public Safety Bomb Suit Standard NIJ Standard-0117.00.
50. Role of helmet in the mechanics of shock wave propagation under blast loading conditions10.1080/10255842.2011.597353 ↗
51. Gadd, C.W. (1962). Impact Acceleration Stress, National Academies Press.
52. Forensic Injury Biomechanics10.1146/annurev.bioeng.9.060906.151946 ↗
53. AIS 2005: A contemporary injury scale10.1016/j.injury.2006.07.009 ↗
54. Intracranial Pressure—A Brain Injury Criterion
55. Improved head injury criteria based on head FE model10.1080/13588260802411523 ↗
56. A Proposed Injury Threshold for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury10.1115/1.1691446 ↗