Physicochemical Characteristics and Prospects of Carbon Nanomaterials and Composites for Gas Sorption
Source abstract
Abstract
This review presents a modern comprehensive analysis of the physicochemical characteristics of carbon materials for the sorption of gases. The main classes of carbon sorbents are considered as follows: nanotubes, activated carbon, graphene, fullerene, composite materials, and organic vapors. Modern methods of modification of carbon materials are systematized. Particular attention is paid to the effect of particle size, morphology, and porous structure on the kinetics and equilibrium characteristics of adsorption. The results of experimental and theoretical studies of the adsorption of the gases (CO2, SO2, NOx, H2S, NH3, and CO) are analyzed. A comparative economic analysis of carbon materials is carried out, taking into account the cost of production and estimated costs of modification. Modern areas of application of carbon sorbents are analyzed as follows: industrial gas purification, automotive filters, air conditioning systems, personal protective equipment, and gas sensors. Particular attention is paid to the study of the prospects and future of materials. Prospective development directions are considered, including the creation of hierarchically porous structures, the development of self-healing materials, and integration with artificial intelligence to optimize adsorption processes. The cost of graphene and nanotube production is predicted to decrease by 50–70% by 2030, which will lead to an expansion of their commercial application.
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Research context
OpenAlex topics: Adsorption, diffusion, and thermodynamic properties of materials · Environmental and Industrial Safety · Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
Institute of Combustion Problems, Bogenbay Batyr 172, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
Department of Materials Science, Nanotechnology and Engineering Physics, Satbayev University, Satbayev Str., 22a, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemistry, Royal Military Academy, Avenue de la Renaissance 30, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
Faculty of Natural Sciences, Kazakh National Women’s Teacher Training University, Gogol Str., 114, k. 1, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
Funding
Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan
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