A Study on Paste Flow and Pipe Wear in Cemented Paste Backfill Pipelines

Cemented paste backfill (CPB) is widely used in mining operations to enhance underground stope stability, production, and safety. Accurately predicting paste flow behaviours in backfill reticulation circuits is crucial for efficient delivery control and asset longevity. However, the predictions remain challenging due to complex rheology and flow-induced particle heterogeneities of CPB. This study develops a computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based analysis framework to investigate flow dynamics of the CPB and the wear conditions of the pipes, considering slip layer and shear-induced particle migration. Experimental loop tests are conducted to measure pressure drops of CPB at different velocities, providing data for validating the developed CFD model. Simulation results are in good agreement with the measured pressure drops and wear rates of the internal pipeline wall. Furthermore, comparisons with existing models indicate that the developed model provides more accurate predictions. Microscopical analyses reveal that shear-induced particle migration leads to the formation of a distinct plug flow region, with particles accumulating near the unyielded boundary. Meanwhile, a low particle concentration near the pipe wall reduces local viscosity and pressure drop. Parametric studies reveal that increased flow velocity and reduced pipe diameter significantly elevate both pressure drop and wear rate, while higher solid concentrations induce nonlinear rheological effects.