Numerical Simulation for Drill Collar Noise Signal Removal in Elemental Logging While Drilling
Source abstract
Abstract
Elemental gamma spectroscopy logging while drilling is crucial for assessing element content in unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. Unlike wireline elemental spectroscopy logging, the high cross section and high-density characteristics of the drill collar can interfere with the detection of formation element content. Using numerical simulation, this paper develops a drill collar background signal removal method based on a dual detector gamma energy and time spectra combination. First, the gamma counts ratio in different time periods from the time spectra of the dual detector and the gamma energy spectra measured by the near detector are used to characterize the drill collar background. Then, the energy spectra measured by the far detector are integrated to reconstruct the pure formation gamma energy spectra. The reconstructed gamma energy spectra demonstrate that the deviation of low-content element yields can be controlled within 0.5%, indicating the accuracy of the drill collar background removal method based on dual spectra information. A numerical simulation case of elemental logging while drilling in unconventional reservoirs is constructed, and the drill collar background is removed using the time spectra and energy spectra information of the dual detector. The calculation of element and mineral contents shows that the maximum calculation errors can be controlled within 2% and 3.5%, respectively, with the calculation error for low cross section elements like Mg reduced to below 0.5%. In conclusion, the proposed drill collar signal removal method based on the time and energy domains effectively improves the accuracy of formation elemental content calculation under drilling conditions, providing theoretical guidance and technical support for elemental content evaluation and mineral analysis in unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping · Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis · Mineral Processing and Grinding
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
China National Logging Corporation, Xi’an 710077, China
Department of Control Science and Engineering, School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
Funding
National Natural Science Foundation of China · National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Sichuan
References (23)
Show source-provided references
1. Pedersen, B.K., Pedersen, E.S., Morriss, S.L., Constable, M.V., Vissapragada, B., Sibbit, A., Stoller, C., Almaguer, J., Evans, M., and Shray, F. (2006, January 24–27). Understanding the effects of cesium/potassium formate fluid on well log response-a case study of the Kristin and Kvitebjorn fields, Offshore Norway. Proceedings of the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, TX, USA.10.2118/103067-MS ↗
2. A new method for predicting formation lithology while drilling at horizontal well bit10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107955 ↗
3. Quantitative prediction of the drilling azimuth of horizontal wells in fractured tight sandstone based on reservoir geomechanics in the Ordos Basin, central China10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2021.105439 ↗
4. Mineralogy from geochemical well logging10.1346/CCMN.1986.0340211 ↗
5. James, E.S., Omole, O., Diedjomahor, J., and Crowe, J. (2007, January 6–8). Calibration of the elemental capture spectroscopy tool using the Niger delta formation. Proceedings of the Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition, Abuja, Nigeria.10.2118/111910-MS ↗
6. Galford, J., Quirein, J., Shannon, S., Truax, J.A., and Witkowsky, J. (2009, January 4–7). Field test results of a new neutron-induced gamma-ray spectroscopy geochemical logging tool. Proceedings of the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, New Orleans, LA, USA.10.2118/123992-MS ↗
7. Pemper, R.R., Sommer, A., Guo, P., Jacobi, D., Longo, J., Bliven, S., Rodriguez, E., Mendez, F., and Han, X. (2006, January 24–27). A new pulsed neutron sonde for derivation of formation lithology and mineralogy. Proceedings of the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, TX, USA.10.2118/102770-MS ↗
8. Radtke, R.J., Lorente, M., Adolph, B., Berheide, M., Fricke, S., Grau, J., Herron, S., Horkowitz, J., Jorion, B., and Madio, D. (2012, January 16–20). A new capture and inelastic spectroscopy tool takes geochemical logging to the next level. Proceedings of the SPWLA 53rd Annual Logging Symposium, Cartagena, Colombia.
9. Prompt γ-ray spectral analysis of well data obtained with NaI (Tl) and 14 MeV neutrons
10. The new prompt gamma-ray activation facility at the Paul Scherrer Institute, Switzerland10.1016/S0168-9002(99)01467-9 ↗
11. Mohamad, N., Defrian, B.S., Kusaka, K., and Simatupang, J. (2002, January 20–21). Optimization of matrix acidization by elementary capture spectroscopy log. Proceedings of the International Symposium and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control, Lafayette, LA, USA.10.2118/73748-MS ↗
12. AlRuwaili, S.B., and AlWaheed, H.H. (2004, January 10–13). Petrophysical models and techniques for shaly-sand formation evaluation. Proceedings of the Abu Dhabi International Conference and Exhibition, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.10.2523/88686-MS ↗
13. Numerical study on determining formation porosity using a boron capture gamma-ray technique and MCNP10.1016/j.apradiso.2014.08.013 ↗
14. Monte Carlo simulation of PGNAA system for determining element content in the rock sample10.1007/s10967-013-2858-3 ↗
15. MacDonald, R., Bradford, C., Kersey, D.G., Zhang, T., Alsuhaibani, A., and Crary, S. (2010, January 14–17). Improved lithology determination from nuclear logs in complex carbonate environments. Proceedings of the North Africa Technical Conference and Exhibition, Cairo, Egypt.10.2118/127552-MS ↗
16. Perez, G., Mendez, F.E., Alarcon, N., and Paris, M.J. (2015, January 18–22). Pulsed neutron through-casing technology for determination of mineralogy and total organic carbon–first case study in the Neuquén Basin, Argentina. Proceedings of the SPWLA 56th Annual Logging Symposium, Long Beach, CA, USA.
17. Zhou, T., Rose, D., Miles, J., and Gendur, J. (July, January 24). Self-compensated cased-hole pulsed neutron spectroscopy measurements. Proceedings of the SPWLA 61st Annual Logging Symposium, Virtual Online Webinar.
18. Gjerdingen, T., Nygaard, J., Elshayeb, T., Hoch, E., and Narayanan, R. (2009, January 7–9). Application of spectroscopy and sigma measurements to enhance petrophysical evaluations and geosteering in the mineralogical complex, thin bedded Nahr Umr sandstone reservoir. Proceedings of the International Petroleum Technology Conference, Doha, Qatar.10.2523/IPTC-13723-MS ↗
19. Weller, G., Griffiths, R., Stoller, C., and Allioli, F. (2005, January 26–29). A new integrated LWD platform brings next-generation formation evaluation services. Proceedings of the SPWLA 46th Annual Logging Symposium, New Orleans, LA, USA.
20. Reichel, N., Evans, M., Allioli, F., Mauborgne, M.L., Nicoletti, L., Haranger, F., Laporte, N., Stoller, C., Cretoiu, V., and El Hehiawy, E. (2012, January 16–20). Neutron-Gamma Density (NGD): Principles, field test results and log quality control of a radioisotope-free bulk density measurement. Proceedings of the SPWLA 53rd Annual Logging Symposium, Cartagena, Colombia.
21. Glasstone, S., and Edlund, M.C. (1952). The Elements of Nuclear Reactor Theory, van Nostrand.
22. The neutron
23. The FLUKA code: Description and benchmarking10.1063/1.2720455 ↗