A Bibliometric Analysis of the Trends in UAV Research Using the Bibliometrix R-Tool
Source abstract
Abstract
We present a bibliometric analysis of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) research that replaces simple keyword filtering with a context-aware, two-tier pipeline. Records from Web of Science and Scopus (198,152 total) were harmonized and de-duplicated in three stages (DOI, normalized title, blockwise Jaro–Winkler), yielding 129,124 unique items. To separate UAV work from entomology using overlapping vocabulary (e.g., swarm), we first applied rule-based weak labels with explicit UAV and insect regex families and a UAV context rule for “swarm,” then trained an elastic-net logistic regression on TF–IDF features and tuned the decision threshold to meet a high-precision target on a held-out split. The final corpus comprises 129,099 UAV records. Beyond lexical inventories, a keyword co-occurrence timeline shows reinforcement learning increasingly aligned with path planning and collision avoidance, while constraints such as energy and communication persist. A co-authorship network reveals bridging authors that connect guidance/control, perception, and communication subfields. The results show how UAV research is organized around central scientific problems and identify persistent obstacles such as energy efficiency, communication reliability, and robust decision-making in dynamic conditions.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Impact of AI and Big Data on Business and Society · Advanced Technologies in Various Fields · Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Information Technology and its Applications, Faculty of Information Technology, University of Pannonia, Gasparich M. utca 18/A, H-8900 Zalaegerszeg, Hungary
References (50)
Show source-provided references
1. Tsouros, D.C., Bibi, S., and Sarigiannidis, P.G. (2019). A review on UAV-based applications for precision agriculture. Information, 10.10.3390/info10110349 ↗
2. Adão, T., Hruška, J., Pádua, L., Bessa, J., Peres, E., Morais, R., and Sousa, J.J. (2017). Hyperspectral imaging: A review on UAV-based sensors, data processing and applications for agriculture and forestry. Remote Sens., 9.10.3390/rs9111110 ↗
3. A compilation of UAV applications for precision agriculture10.1016/j.comnet.2020.107148 ↗
4. UAV-based remote sensing for the petroleum industry and environmental monitoring: State-of-the-art and perspectives10.1016/j.petrol.2021.109633 ↗
5. Fascista, A. (2022). Toward integrated large-scale environmental monitoring using WSN/UAV/Crowdsensing: A review of applications, signal processing, and future perspectives. Sensors, 22.10.3390/s22051824 ↗
6. Ya’acob, N., Zolkapli, M., Johari, J., Yusof, A.L., Sarnin, S.S., and Asmadinar, A.Z. (2017, January 9–10). UAV environment monitoring system. Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and System Engineering (ICEESE), Kanazawa, Japan.10.1109/ICEESE.2017.8298395 ↗
7. Arnold, T., De Biasio, M., Fritz, A., and Leitner, R. (2013, January 3–5). UAV-based measurement of vegetation indices for environmental monitoring. Proceedings of the 2013 Seventh International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST), Wellington, New Zealand.10.1109/ICSensT.2013.6727744 ↗
8. Help from the sky: Leveraging UAVs for disaster management10.1109/MPRV.2017.11 ↗
9. Wireless sensor networks and multi-UAV systems for natural disaster management10.1016/j.comnet.2017.05.021 ↗
10. Persistent UAV delivery logistics: MILP formulation and efficient heuristic10.1016/j.cie.2018.05.013 ↗
11. Li, Y., Liu, M., and Jiang, D. (2022). Application of unmanned aerial vehicles in logistics: A literature review. Sustainability, 14.10.3390/su142114473 ↗
12. Kim, S.J., Jeong, Y., Park, S., Ryu, K., and Oh, G. (2018). A survey of drone use for entertainment and AVR (augmented and virtual reality). Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality: Empowering Human, Place and Business, Springer.10.1007/978-3-319-64027-3_23 ↗
13. Review on the technological development and application of UAV systems10.1049/cje.2019.12.006 ↗
14. Stöcker, C., Bennett, R., Nex, F., Gerke, M., and Zevenbergen, J. (2017). Review of the current state of UAV regulations. Remote Sens., 9.10.3390/rs9050459 ↗
15. Muchiri, G., and Kimathi, S. (2022, January 20–24). A review of applications and potential applications of UAV. Proceedings of the Sustainable Research and Innovation Conference, Pretoria, South Africa.
16. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs): Practical aspects, applications, open challenges, security issues, and future trends10.1007/s11370-022-00452-4 ↗
17. Design and implementation of a control and navigation system for a small unmanned aerial vehicle10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.11.155 ↗
18. Kharchenko, V., Kondratyuk, V., Ilnytska, S., Kutsenko, O., and Larin, V. (2013, January 15–17). Urgent problems of UAV navigation system development and practical implementation. Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE 2nd International Conference Actual Problems of Unmanned Air Vehicles Developments Proceedings (APUAVD), Kyiv, Ukraine.10.1109/APUAVD.2013.6705313 ↗
19. Wargo, C., Snipes, C., Roy, A., and Kerczewski, R. (2016, January 25–29). UAS industry growth: Forecasting impact on regional infrastructure, environment, and economy. Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), Sacramento, CA, USA.10.1109/DASC.2016.7778048 ↗
20. Impact of drone delivery on sustainability and cost: Realizing the UAV potential through vehicle routing optimization10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.03.117 ↗
21. The societal impact of commercial drones10.1016/j.techsoc.2016.02.009 ↗
22. bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis
23. Austin, R. (2011). Unmanned Aircraft Systems: UAVS Design, Development and Deployment, John Wiley & Sons.10.1002/9780470664797 ↗
24. Aeronautical Systems Center (US), and History Office, Air Force History, & Museums Program (US) (2002). Splendid Vision, Unswerving Purpose: Developing Air Power for the United States Air Force During the First Century of Powered Flight.
25. DT Parker (2013). Building Victory: Aircraft Manufacturing in the Los Angeles Area in World War II, DT Parker.
26. Merlin, P. (2009, January 5–8). Design and development of the blackbird: Challenges and lessons learned. Proceedings of the 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, Orlando, FL, USA.10.2514/6.2009-1522 ↗
27. Newcome, L.R. (2004). Unmanned Aviation: A Brief History of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.10.2514/4.868894 ↗
28. Singer, P.W. (2009). Wired for War: The Robotics Revolution and Conflict in the 21st Century, Penguin.
29. Gertler, J. (2025, September 08). US Unmanned Aerial Systems, 2012. Available online: https://sgp.fas.org/crs/natsec/R42136.pdf.
30. The application of small unmanned aerial systems for precision agriculture: A review10.1007/s11119-012-9274-5 ↗
31. Dawn of drone ecology: Low-cost autonomous aerial vehicles for conservation10.1177/194008291200500202 ↗
32. Adams, S.M., and Friedland, C.J. (2011, January 15–16). A survey of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) usage for imagery collection in disaster research and management. Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Remote Sensing for Disaster Response, Stanford, CA, USA.
33. Applications of drones in infrastructures: Challenges and opportunities
34. Delivery by drone: An evaluation of unmanned aerial vehicle technology in reducing CO2 emissions in the delivery service industry10.1016/j.trd.2017.02.017 ↗
35. Directing cinematographic drones10.1145/3181975 ↗
36. La Bella, L. (2016). Drones and Entertainment, The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc.
37. Worldwide trends in the scientific production on rural depopulation, a bibliometric analysis using bibliometrix R-tool10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104787 ↗
38. Worldwide trends in the scientific production on soccer players market value, a bibliometric analysis using bibliometrix R-tool10.1108/TPM-02-2022-0015 ↗
39. The research output of bibliometrics using bibliometrix R package and VOS viewer10.34293/sijash.v9i2.4197 ↗
40. Zhao, J., and Li, M. (2023). Worldwide trends in prediabetes from 1985 to 2022: A bibliometric analysis using bibliometrix R-tool. Front. Public Health, 11.10.3389/fpubh.2023.1072521 ↗
41. Guzsvinecz, T., and Szelinger, A. (2024). Analyzing the Bibliometric Trends in Gamification Research Using the Bibliometrix R-Tool, IntechOpen.10.5772/intechopen.1005580 ↗
42. Examining the developments in scheduling algorithms research: A bibliometric approach10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09510 ↗
43. Bibliometric analysis using bibliometrix an R package
44. Bibliometric Analysis: The Main Steps10.3390/encyclopedia4020065 ↗
45. Dæhlen, A., Heldal, I., and Katona, J. (2024, January 4–7). Linking Data from Eye-Tracking and Serious Games to NDD Characteristics: A Bibliometric Study. Proceedings of the 2024 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications, Glasgow, UK.10.1145/3649902.3656361 ↗
46. Winkler, W.E. (2025, September 08). String Comparator Metrics and Enhanced Decision Rules in the Fellegi-Sunter Model of Record Linkage, Available online: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED325505.
47. Glmnet vignette
48. OurResearch (2025, September 08). OpenAlex. Open Catalog of the Global Research System., Available online: https://docs.openalex.org/.
49. Priem, J., Piwowar, H., and Orr, R. (2025, September 08). OpenAlex: An Open Index of Scholarly Works, Authors, Venues, Institutions, and Concepts. Project Description 07. 2022.
50. Our World in Data (2025). Population (OWID Grapher Dataset), Global Change Data Lab. Original Source: United Nations, World Population Prospects (WPP) 2022 Revision.