Design Assessment of Power Supply Systems for Divertor Coils in the Divertor Tokamak Test
Source abstract
Abstract
In tokamak-based nuclear fusion systems, powering the coils to control the plasma is a challenge that involves design choices that are a mix between advanced and traditional approaches. Each tokamak coil requires peculiar driving conditions and needs specific design activities. This paper deals with power supply design assessment for the Divertor (DIV) Coils in the Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) facility. The design constraints of high-current (5500 A) and relatively low-voltages lead to the comparison of an SCR-based AC–AC converter (cycloconverter) with an IGBT-based DC–AC inverter with devices in a parallel solution and with interleaved modulation. The design assessment of two converter solutions to drive the DIV coils with the control issues were explored and described. Several simulation results were carried out to define the DIV coils operative conditions. Furthermore, an electro-thermal analysis on the used IGBT or thyristor devices was carried out considering the losses and the highest temperatures obtained in the conditions of maximum stress for the components.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Magnetic confinement fusion research · Superconducting Materials and Applications · Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Dipartimento Energia “G.Ferraris” Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
DTT S.c. a.r.l., National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), 00044 Frascati, Italy
References (32)
Show source-provided references
1. EUROfusion (2025, August 30). European Research Roadmap to the Realisation of Fusion Energy. Available online: http://www.euro-fusion.org/eurofusion/roadmap/.
2. (2025, August 30). ITER Website. Available online: http://www.iter.org.
3. (2025, August 30). Fusion Industry Association. Available online: https://www.fusionindustryassociation.org/.
4. Overview of the DEMO staged design approach in Europe10.1088/1741-4326/ab1178 ↗
5. DEMO physics challenges beyond ITER10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.111603 ↗
6. Wesson, J. (2003). Tokamaks, Clarendon Press. [3rd ed.].
7. Overview of the Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) coil power supplies10.1016/j.fusengdes.2023.113442 ↗
8. Martone, R., Albanese, R., Crisanti, F., Martin, P., and Pizzuto, A. (2025, July 15). DTT Divertor Tokamak Test facility—Interim Design Report, ENEA, 2019. Available online: https://iris.unibas.it/bitstream/11563/136383/2/DTT_IDR_2019_WEB1.pdf.
9. Divertor Tokamak Test facility Project: Status of Design and Implementation10.1088/1741-4326/ad5740 ↗
10. On heat loading, novel divertors, and fusion reactors10.1063/1.2739422 ↗
11. DTT—Divertor Tokamak Test facility: A testbed for DEMO10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112330 ↗
12. Design of a multi-configurations divertor for the DTT facility10.1016/j.nme.2022.101276 ↗
13. Magnetic control of DTT alternative plasma configurations10.1016/j.fusengdes.2023.113617 ↗
14. HIL Investigation of a Single-Phase Inverter for a Tokamak Non-Axisymmetric In-Vessel Coil Power Supply10.1109/TIA.2024.3360026 ↗
15. Griva, G., Musumeci, S., Stella, F., Bojoi, R., Lampasi, A., and Bifaretti, S. (2024, January 10–12). C-HIL Implementation of Cascaded Multilevel Inverter for Vertical Stabilization and Radial Control Power Supplies of Divertor Tokamak Test. Proceedings of the 2024 International Conference on Smart Energy Systems and Technologies (SEST), Torino, Italy.10.1109/SEST61601.2024.10694317 ↗
16. Lampasi, A., Testa, R., Gudala, B., Terlizzi, C., Pipolo, S., and Tenconi, S. (2024). Optimization of DC Energy Storage in Tokamak Poloidal Coils. Appl. Sci., 14.10.3390/app14198975 ↗
17. Conceptual design of in-vessel divertor coils in DTT10.1016/j.fusengdes.2023.113651 ↗
18. Sweeping control performance on DEMO device10.1016/j.fusengdes.2023.114029 ↗
19. Development of an active overvoltage protection for the new ASDEX upgrade divertor coils10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112541 ↗
20. Syah, M.N., Firmansyah, E., and Utomo, D.R. (2022, January 7–8). Interleaved Bidirectional DC-DC Converter Operation Strategies and Problem Challenges: An Overview. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference in Power Engineering Application (ICPEA), Shah Alam, Malaysia.10.1109/ICPEA53519.2022.9744683 ↗
21. Galkin, I.A., Saltanovs, R., Bubovich, A., Blinov, A., and Peftitsis, D. (2023). Considerations on Combining Unfolding Inverters with Partial Power Regulators in Battery–Grid Interface Converters. Energies, 17.10.3390/en17040893 ↗
22. Do, T.A., Nguyen, Q.D., Vu, P., Ngo, M.D., and Ahn, S. (2023). Comparative Analysis of PWM Techniques for Interleaved Full Bridge Converter in an AC Battery Application. Energies, 17.10.3390/en17020375 ↗
23. (2025, July 15). Datasheet URL IGBT Module FF1800R23IE7. Available online: https://www.infineon.com/assets/row/public/documents/non-assigned/49/infineon-ff1800r23ie7-datasheet-en.pdf.
24. Current-Source Converter and Cycloconverter Topologies for Industrial Medium-Voltage Drives10.1109/TIE.2008.924175 ↗
25. Advanced thyristor-based cycloconverter for efficient three-phase conversion with low THD10.1016/j.prime.2025.100918 ↗
26. Barría, V.G., and Olivares, J.P. (September, January 30). Design of a 12-pulse cycloconverter with fault-tolerance capability. Proceedings of the 2011 14th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, Birmingham, UK.
27. (2025, July 15). Datasheet URL SCR T4771N22TOF. Available online: https://www.infineon.com/assets/row/public/documents/60/49/infineon-t4771n-ds-en-de.pdf.
28. Liquid Cooled Cold Plates for Industrial High-Power Electronic Devices—Thermal Design and Manufacturing Considerations10.1080/01457630902837343 ↗
29. Comparison between conventional single-phase and two-phase cooling systems for electric vehicle IGBT modules10.1109/TPEL.2018.2862943 ↗
30. Liquid Cooled Cold Plates for Industrial High-Power Electronic Devices: A Review
31. A review of selected thermal management solutions for avionics10.1109/TCAPT.2003.811464 ↗
32. Thermal Performance Analysis of a Liquid Cooling Plate for Power Electronics