Influence of Pre-Strain and Notching on the Fatigue Life of DD11 Low-Carbon Steel
Source abstract
Abstract
Structural applications commonly adopt low-carbon steels, with the fatigue concept being one of the primary causes of failure. In this research, the aim was to study the fatigue behaviour of DD11 low-carbon steel, considering also specific conditions, like the effect of pre-deformation and influence of stress intensity factor. After determining the geometry and performing static tests to extrapolate the mechanical properties of the material, the fatigue behaviour of the base material was analysed, following the actual standards. Then, two conditions, a pre-strain equal to 11% and a notch, simulated with a hole and without pre-deformation, were studied. The results showed an absence of influence on the fatigue limit for the material with a pre-strain effect, and regarding the notching tests conducted, there was a low sensitivity to fatigue of the material.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Fatigue and fracture mechanics · Fire effects on concrete materials · Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
DIMI Department, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
Moveero R&D Centre Europe, Via Molino Emili 18, 25030 Brescia, Italy
References (46)
Show source-provided references
1. Fatigue Behavior of Dual-Phase and TWIP Steels for Lightweight Automotive Structures10.1002/srin.201100329 ↗
2. Development of multiple linear regression-based models for fatigue life evaluation of automotive coil springs10.1016/j.ymssp.2018.09.007 ↗
3. Li, C., Feng, Y., and Ding, K. (2023, January 27–29). Comparative research of lifting equipment fatigue life prediction based on different cumulative damage models. Proceedings of the 2023 4th International Conference on Machine Learning and Computer Application, Hangzhou, China.
4. The study of the lifting mechanism of the crane arm to a barge10.47577/technium.v2i1.47 ↗
5. Mechanisms and modeling of low cycle fatigue crack propagation in a pressure vessel steel Q34510.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.03.026 ↗
6. Fatigue resistance and remaining life assessment of induction-hardened S38C steel railway axles10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2020.106068 ↗
7. Influence of microstructure on low-cycle and extremely-low-cycle fatigue resistance of low-carbon steels10.1007/s12540-020-00819-1 ↗
8. Bach, J., Göken, M., and Höppel, H.-W. (2018). Fatigue of low alloyed carbon steels in the HCF/VHCF-regimes. Fatigue of Materials at Very High Numbers of Loading Cycles: Experimental Techniques, Mechanisms, Modeling and Fatigue Life Assessment, Springer.10.1007/978-3-658-24531-3_1 ↗
9. Kim, Y., and Hwang, W. (2019). High-cycle, low-cycle, extremely low-cycle fatigue and monotonic fracture behaviors of low-carbon steel and its welded joint. Materials, 12.10.3390/ma12244111 ↗
10. Effect of test frequency on fatigue strength of low carbon steel10.1111/j.1460-2695.2009.01350.x ↗
11. Fatigue damage of low amplitude cycles in low carbon steel10.1007/s10853-009-3751-x ↗
12. Effect of prestrain paths on mechanical behavior of dual phase sheet steel10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2008.03.028 ↗
13. Effect of prestrain on fracture toughness of HSLA steels10.1016/S0921-5093(00)00739-5 ↗
14. The effect of prestrain and bake hardening on the low-cycle fatigue properties of TRIP steel10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2007.06.002 ↗
15. Effect of prestrain on and prediction of fatigue limit in carbon steel10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2007.01.024 ↗
16. ASM Handbook Committee (1996). Volume 19: Fatigue and Fracture, ASM International.
17. Recent advances on notch effects in metal fatigue: A review10.1111/ffe.13195 ↗
18. Zhang, H., Deng, Y., Cao, Y., Chen, F., Luo, Y., and Xiao, X. (2025). Field testing, analytical, and numerical assessments on the fatigue reliability on bridge suspender by considering the coupling effect of multiple pits. Struct. Infrastruct. Eng., 1–16.10.1080/15732479.2025.2492309 ↗
19. Fatigue behavior of high-strength steel wires considering coupled effect of multiple corrosion-pitting10.1016/j.corsci.2024.112633 ↗
20. Fatigue Life Prediction for Orthotropic Steel Bridge Decks welds Using a Gaussian Variational Bayes Network and Small Sample Experimental Data10.1016/j.ress.2025.111406 ↗
21. Experimental field test on a multipiece steel wheel and influence of the material properties on its fatigue life evaluation10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106106 ↗
22. Solazzi, L., and Mazzoni, A. (2023). Experimental study of the fatigue life of off-highway steel wheels using the rim section test approach. Appl. Sci., 13.10.3390/app13169119 ↗
23. (2015). Designation Systems for Steels—Part 2: Numerical System (Standard No. UNI EN 10027-2:2015).
24. (2008). Continuously Hot Rolled Low Carbon Steel Sheet and Strip for Cold Forming (Standard No. UNI EN 10111:2008).
25. (2017). Steel and Steel Products—Location and Preparation of Samples and Test Pieces for Mechanical Testing (Standard No. ISO 377:2017).
26. (2024). Lamiere e Nastri Laminati a Caldo in Continuo, Non Rivestiti, di Acciai Non Legati e Legati—Tolleranze Dimensionali e di Forma (Standard No. UNI EN 10051:2024).
27. (2019). Metallic Materials—Tensile Testing (Standard No. ISO 6892-1:2019).
28. (2017). Metallic Materials—Fatigue Testing—Axial-Strain-Controlled Method (Standard No. ISO 12107:2017).
29. General relation between tensile strength and fatigue strength of metallic materials10.1016/j.msea.2012.11.103 ↗
30. Fatigue life behaviour of the dual-phase low carbon steel sheets10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.07.038 ↗
31. A new iteration method for the thermographic determination of fatigue limit in steels10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2003.12.009 ↗
32. Evaluation of residual stress relaxation and its effect on fatigue strength of AISI 316L stainless steel ground surfaces: Experimental and numerical approaches10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2012.10.008 ↗
33. Effect of pre-strain on the fatigue behavior of SAPH440 steel10.1166/mex.2019.1586 ↗
34. (2014). Dispositivi Filettati—Resistenza Alla Fatica—Metodo di Prova (Standard No. UNI ISO 3800).
35. Mean stress effects in stress-life fatigue and the Walker equation10.1111/j.1460-2695.2008.01322.x ↗
36. (2019). Hot Rolled Products of Structural Steels—Part 2: Technical Delivery Conditions for Non-Alloy Structural Steels (Standard No. UNI EN 10025-2:2019).
37. Anderson, T.L., and Anderson, T.L. (2005). Fracture Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications, CRC Press.10.1201/9781420058215 ↗
38. Pilkey, W.D., Pilkey, D.F., and Bi, Z. (2020). Peterson’s Stress Concentration Factors, John Wiley & Sons.10.1002/9781119532552 ↗
39. A Stress concentration factor for interacting surface notch and subsurface hole
40. Prediction of the S-N curves of high-strength steels in the very high cycle fatigue regime10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2010.02.006 ↗
41. Mean stress correction effects on the fatigue life behavior of steel alloys by using stress life approach theories
42. Lee, Y.-L., Barkey, M.E., and Kang, H.T. (2011). Stress-based uniaxial fatigue analysis. Metal Fatigue Analysis Handbook: Practical Problem-Solving Techniques for Computer-Aided Engineering, Butterworth-Heinemann.10.1016/B978-0-12-385204-5.00004-5 ↗
43. Plastic stress concentration effects in fatigue strength10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2022.107394 ↗
44. Notch bluntness effects on fracture toughness of a modified S690 steel at 150 °C10.1016/j.engfracmech.2017.05.047 ↗
45. Ratcheting progress at notch root of 1045 steel samples over asymmetric loading cycles: Experiments and analyses10.1111/ffe.12827 ↗
46. Dowling, N.E., Kampe, S.L., and Kral, M.V. (2018). Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Pearson. [5th ed.].