journal article·2025-03-27Open access

Development of a Laser Surgical Device with Vibration Compensation: Mechanical Design and Validation of Its Compliant Mechanism

Emil Ionuț Niță, Daniel C. Comeagă, Dragos A. Apostol, Virgil-Florin Duma

Applied Sciences· Volume 15· Issue 7

Abstract

Mitigating hand tremors in surgical applications has a critical role in laser-based medical procedures. We report the development of a proof-of-concept 3 degrees of freedom (DOF) hand vibration compensation device that features a compliant mechanical structure with three stack-type piezoelectric actuators. Inspired by the Stewart-type mobile platform, the system has the capability to manipulate a laser beam in two directions. In the present work, the mechanical part of the device is designed, and its mathematical model is developed. Also, the manufacturing of the proposed platform is presented, and the precision of its parts is assessed. An in-house developed mechanical stand is designed and utilized in order to perform a static analysis of the linkage amplification mechanism. Both a finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental validations of this mechanism are performed. A good match is obtained between the results obtained with the two methods. An analysis of the errors is made in order to assess the mechanical aspects of the platform. The study lays the foundation for the further development of the mechatronic and optical parts of the system, as well as for its miniaturization.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Soft Robotics and Applications · Pain Management and Treatment · Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Center of Research and Development for Mechatronics, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania

3OM Optomechatronics Group, Department of Measurements and Optical Electronics, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications, and Information Technology, Polytechnic University of Timisoara, 300006 Timisoara, Romania

Funding

Romanian IPCEI (Important Project of Common European Interest) on microelectronics · Continental Automotive Romania · National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest and University Politehnica Timisoara · PhoBioS

References (49)

Show source-provided references
1. Consensus Statement on the Classification of Tremors. from the Task Force on Tremor of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society10.1002/mds.27121 ↗
2. Combined Clinical and Neurophysiological Approach to the Study of Patients with Tremor10.1136/jnnp.56.8.839 ↗
3. Ang, W.T., Pradeep, P.K., and Riviere, C.N. (2004, January 1–5). Active Tremor Compensation in Microsurgery. Proceedings of the 26th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, San Francisco, CA, USA.
4. Brown, W.J., Buckland, E.L., and Izatt, J.A. (2007). Portable Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Devices and Related Systems. (0081166), U.S. Patent Application.
5. Hand-Held Based near-Infrared Optical Imaging Devices: A Review10.1016/j.medengphy.2008.10.004 ↗
6. Recent Developments in Handheld and Portable Optosensing—A Review10.1016/j.aca.2011.04.005 ↗
7. Design and Testing of Prototype Handheld Scanning Probes for Optical Coherence Tomography10.1177/0954411914543963 ↗
8. Clinical Translation of Handheld Optical Coherence Tomography: Practical Considerations and Recent Advancements10.1117/1.JBO.22.12.121614 ↗
9. Lu, C.D., Kraus, M.F., Potsaid, B., Liu, J.J., Choi, W., Jayaraman, V., Cable, A.E., Hornegger, J., Duker, J.S., and Fujimoto, J.G. (2014). Handheld Ultrahigh Speed Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography Instrument Using a MEMS Scanning Mirror. Biomed. Opt. Express, 5.10.1364/BOE.5.000293 ↗
10. Robot-Assisted Vitreoretinal Surgery: Current Perspectives10.2147/RSRR.S122301 ↗
11. Microsurgical Robotic System for Vitreoretinal Surgery10.1007/s11548-011-0602-4 ↗
12. Evaluation of the MMI Symani® Robotic Microsurgical System for Coronary-Bypass Anastomoses in a Cadaveric Porcine Model10.1007/s11701-024-01921-x ↗
13. Robot with Improved Absolute Positioning Accuracy for CT Guided Stereotactic Brain Surgery10.1109/10.1354 ↗
14. Taylor, R., Jensen, P., Whitcomb, L., Barnes, A., Kumar, R., Stoianovici, D., Gupta, P., Wang, Z., deJuan, E., and Kavoussi, L. (1999, January 19–22). A Steady-Hand Robotic System for Microsurgical Augmentation. Proceedings of the Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention—MICCAI’99, Cambridge, UK.10.1007/10704282_112 ↗
15. A Review of the Role of Robotics in Surgery: To DaVinci and Beyond!
16. Robotic Surgery: A Current Perspective10.1097/01.sla.0000103020.19595.7d ↗
17. Estimation of Physiological Tremor from Accelerometers for Real-Time Applications10.3390/s110303020 ↗
18. Sandoval, R., MacLachlan, R.A., Oh, M.Y., and Riviere, C.N. (2007, January 22–26). Positioning Accuracy of Neurosurgeons. Proceedings of the 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Lyon, France.10.1109/IEMBS.2007.4352259 ↗
19. Riviere, C.N., Rader, R.S., and Khosla, P.K. (November, January 30). Characteristics of Hand Motion of Eye Surgeons. Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Chicago, IL, USA.
20. Lin, Z., Deng, A., Hou, N., Gao, L., and Zhi, X. (2023). Advances in Targeted Retinal Photocoagulation in the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy. Front. Endocrinol., 14.10.3389/fendo.2023.1108394 ↗
21. Panretinal Photocoagulation: A Review of Complications10.1080/08820538.2017.1353820 ↗
22. Semiautomated Intraocular Laser Surgery Using Handheld Instruments10.1002/lsm.20897 ↗
23. Robotic Eye Surgery10.1097/IAE.0000000000001398 ↗
24. Olds, K.C., and Taylor, R.H. (2017). Steady Hand Micromanipulation Robot. (8,911,429 B2), U.S. Patent.
25. Becker, B.C., Valdivieso, C.R., Biswas, J., Lobes, L.A., and Riviere, C.N. (2009, January 3–6). Active Guidance for Laser Retinal Surgery with a Handheld Instrument. Proceedings of the 2009 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Minneapolis, MN, USA.10.1109/IEMBS.2009.5333489 ↗
26. Riviere, C.N., and Khosla, P.K. (1999, January 19–22). Microscale Tracking of Surgical Instrument Motion. Proceedings of the Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention—MICCAI’99, Cambridge, UK.10.1007/10704282_117 ↗
27. Routray, A., MacLachlan, R.A., Martel, J.N., and Riviere, C.N. (2019, January 3–5). Real-Time Incremental Estimation of Retinal Surface Using Laser Aiming Beam. Proceedings of the 2019 International Symposium on Medical Robotics (ISMR), Atlanta, GA, USA.10.1109/ISMR.2019.8710197 ↗
28. Intraoperative Tremor in Surgeons and Trainees10.1093/icvts/ivw150 ↗
29. A Novel Microsurgical Technique Reduces Hand Tremor in the Course of Lateral Suboccipital Approach10.1016/j.surneu.2006.07.020 ↗
30. Nica, D.F., Gabor, A.G., Duma, V.-F., Tudericiu, V.G., Tudor, A., and Sinescu, C. (2021). Sinus Lift and Implant Insertion on 3D Printed Polymeric Maxillary Models: Ex vivo training for in vivo surgical procedures. J. Clin. Med., 10.10.3390/jcm10204718 ↗
31. Overcoming the Impact of Physiologic Tremors in Ophthalmology10.1007/s00417-022-05718-2 ↗
32. Lora-Millan, J.S., Delgado-Oleas, G., Benito-León, J., and Rocon, E. (2021). A Review on Wearable Technologies for Tremor Suppression. Front. Neurol., 12.10.3389/fneur.2021.700600 ↗
33. A Wearable System for Attenuating Essential Tremor Based on Peripheral Nerve Stimulation10.1109/JTEHM.2020.2985058 ↗
34. Huen, D., Liu, J., and Lo, B. (2016, January 14–17). An Integrated Wearable Robot for Tremor Suppression with Context Aware Sensing. Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE 13th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN), San Francisco, CA, USA.10.1109/BSN.2016.7516280 ↗
35. Tan, U.-X., Latt, W.T., Shee, C.Y., and Ang, W.T. (2009, January 12–17). Design and Development of a Low-Cost Flexure-Based Hand-Held Mechanism for Micromanipulation. Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Kobe, Japan.
36. Zhao, S., Aye, Y.N., Shee, C.Y., Chen, I.-M., and Ang, W.T. (2012, January 14–18). A Compact 3-DOF Compliant Serial Mechanism for Trajectory Tracking with Flexures Made by Rapid Prototyping. Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Saint Paul, MN, USA.10.1109/ICRA.2012.6225138 ↗
37. Manipulator Design and Operation of a Six-Degree-of-Freedom Handheld Tremor-Canceling Microsurgical Instrument10.1109/TMECH.2014.2320858 ↗
38. Micron: An Actively Stabilized Handheld Tool for Microsurgery
39. Active Tremor Cancellation by a “Smart” Handheld Vitreoretinal Microsurgical Tool Using Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography10.1364/OE.20.023414 ↗
40. Adaptive Canceling of Physiological Tremor for Improved Precision in Microsurgery10.1109/10.686791 ↗
41. Comparative Evaluation of Handheld Robot-Aided Intraocular Laser Surgery10.1109/TRO.2015.2504929 ↗
42. Robotic Assistance for Intraocular Microsurgery: Challenges and Perspectives10.1109/JPROC.2022.3169466 ↗
43. Toward Active Tremor Canceling in Handheld Microsurgical Instruments10.1109/TRA.2003.817506 ↗
44. Comeaga, C.D., Nita, E.I., and Gramescu, B. (2021, January 25–27). Tremor Orientation and Compensation System in Laser Medical Equipment—Part 1. Proceedings of the 2021 12th International Symposium on Advanced Topics in Electrical Engineering (ATEE), Bucharest, Romania.10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425250 ↗
45. Comeaga, C.D., Nita, E.I., and Coanda, P. (2021, January 25–27). Tremor Orientation and Compensation System in Laser Medical Equipment—Part II. Proceedings of the 2021 12th International Symposium on Advanced Topics in Electrical Engineering (ATEE), Bucharest, Romania.10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425250 ↗
46. Nita, E.I., Coanda, P., and Comeaga, D.C. (2021, January 13–16). Laser Surgical Devices with Optical Solution for Damping Physiological Tremor. Proceedings of the SPIE of the Advances in 3OM: Opto-Mechatronics, Opto-Mechanics, and Optical Metrology, Timisoara, Romania.10.1117/12.2618519 ↗
47. Howell, L.L. (2001). Compliant Mechanisms, John Wiley & Sons.
48. Lobontiu, N. (2003). Compliant Mechanisms: Design of Flexure Hinges, CRC Press.10.1201/9781420040272 ↗
49. A Review on Compliant Joints and Rigid-Body Constant Velocity Universal Joints Toward the Design of Compliant Homokinetic Couplings10.1115/1.4029318 ↗