Electromagnetic and Thermal Analysis of Inductive Power Transfer Coils for the Wireless Charging System of Electric Vehicles

Electric vehicles (EVs) have gained significant popularity globally during the past decade. This is mostly due to their reduced emissions of hydrocarbons and greenhouse gases. Electric vehicles acquire their electricity via wireless energy transmission, thereby circumventing the challenges associated with conventional techniques. The coils that transmit and receive signals deteriorate in performance and age as temperatures increase. Under extreme conditions, this may result in fire hazards and further safety issues. This article examined the electromagnetic and thermal dispersion of a magnetically coupled coil model for electric vehicles. This paper studied the electromagnetic and temperature distribution of the magnetically coupled coil model for electric vehicles. The coils were designed utilizing ANSYS software, with boundary conditions and pertinent parameters configured accordingly. The transmitter and receiver coils were identical in dimensions, with an inner diameter of 100 mm, an outer diameter of 295 mm, and an air gap of 60 mm between them. The magnetic coil was simulated and analyzed using copper as a material. In the aligned positions, the coupling coefficient between the transmitter and receiver coil was 0.168, its maximum temperature was 16.92 °C, and it was lower for the safety of the human body. An actual prototype was built to confirm the simulation results and to establish that the methodology employed in this research is applicable to the design of magnetic coils for a wireless charging system for electric vehicle models.