The Influence of MMP-1 rs1799750 Gene Variant on the Severity of Open Bite Malocclusion

In this study, the association of MMP-1 rs1799750 gene polymorphism, which plays an important role in collagen degradation, with open bite malocclusion was investigated. The study included 30 individuals diagnosed with open bite and 30 healthy control subjects aged 15–35 years. DNA isolation was performed from cells taken from cheek mucosa and MMP-1 rs1799750 polymorphism was analyzed by Real-Time PCR method. In the open bite malocclusion group, MMP-1 rs1799750 polymorphism 1G/1G genotype was detected in 43.3%, 1G/2G in 23.3% and 2G/2G in 33.3%. In the control group, 1G/1G was 36.7%, 1G/2G 43.3% and 2G/2G 20.0%. In individuals with overbite of −5 mm and above, 2G/2G genotype was observed in 50% of the individuals. The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in genotype and allele distribution (p = 0.2269; p = 0.7125). However, the frequency of the 2G/2G genotype increased as the severity of open bite increased (p = 0.009). While no significant associations were detected, the findings point toward a potential role of MMP-1 rs1799750 polymorphism in open bite development through mechanisms involving collagen degradation, warranting further investigation. The results of this study may make an important contribution to understanding the genetic basis of malocclusion and may help in the development of personalized orthodontic treatment approaches.