The Effect of Long-Term Aging on the Mechanical Properties of Corrosion-Resistant Nickel-Based Alloys for Their Application in Nuclear Technologies
Source abstract
Abstract
The short-term mechanical properties of commercial corrosion-resistant nickel alloys based on Ni-Cr (Hastelloy® G-35® or UNS N06035), Ni-Mo (Hastelloy® B-3® or UNS N10675), and Ni-Cr-Mo (VDM® Alloy C-4 or UNS N06455, VDM® Alloy 59 or UNS N06059, and KhN62M-VI) systems were analyzed in the as-received state and after long-term (up to 5000 h) aging at 500–700 °C. All alloys exhibited moderate strength and high ductility in the as-received state. Under the influence of high temperatures, these alloys showed a tendency toward the decomposition of Ni-based FCC solid solutions and a change in mechanical properties. It was shown that the difference in chromium and molybdenum content in Ni-Cr-Mo alloys leads to the formation of secondary phases of various composition and morphology, which had varied influence on the short-term mechanical properties of the materials. Grain boundary precipitates had a negligible effect on the strength properties of the investigated alloys, while intragranular precipitates embrittled nickel-based alloys, reducing their possible application at high temperatures.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Nuclear Materials and Properties · Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals · High Temperature Alloys and Creep
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Rare Metals and Nanomaterials, Ural Federal University, 620062 Ekaterinburg, Russia
Department of Heat Treatment and Physics of Metals, Ural Federal University, 620062 Ekaterinburg, Russia
Funding
Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation
References (49)
Show source-provided references
1. The molten salt reactor (MSR) in generation IV: Overview and perspectives10.1016/j.pnucene.2014.02.014 ↗
2. The aircraft reactor experiment–design and construction10.13182/NSE57-A35495 ↗
3. Generation IV reactor safety and materials research by the Institute for Energy and Transport at the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre10.1016/j.nucengdes.2013.06.018 ↗
4. (2023). Status of Molten Salt Reactor Technology, International Atomic Energy Agency. Available online: https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/STI-DOC-010-489_web.pdf.
5. Corrosion in the molten fluoride and chloride salts and materials development for nuclear applications10.1016/j.pmatsci.2018.05.003 ↗
6. Investigation of the corrosion resistance of nickel-based alloy in fluoride melts10.1007/s10512-006-0160-y ↗
7. Materials corrosion in molten LiF–NaF–KF salt10.1016/j.jfluchem.2008.05.008 ↗
8. High-temperature corrosion behavior of superalloys in molten salts—A review10.1080/10408436.2016.1243090 ↗
9. Long-term ageing characteristics of some commercial nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys10.1007/BF02402854 ↗
10. Topologically close-packed precipitations and phase diagrams of Ni-Mo-Cr and Ni-Mo-Fe and of Ni-Mo-Fe with constant additions of chromium10.1016/0921-5093(91)90712-V ↗
11. Modeling of Ni–Cr–Mo based alloys: Part I—Phase stability10.1016/j.calphad.2005.10.003 ↗
12. Corrosion-resistant and high-temperature nickel-based alloys in chloroaluminate melts10.1149/06404.0217ecst ↗
13. Corrosion of nickel-based superalloys in molten chloroaluminates10.1149/07711.0753ecst ↗
14. The effect of microstructure on the corrosion resistance of VDM® alloy C-4 in molten salts10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.151758 ↗
15. Accelerated corrosion of Ni-based alloys in molten chloride salts, due to Ni2Cr phase formation10.1016/j.mtla.2023.101875 ↗
16. The grain boundary brittleness at intermediate temperature in a precipitation strengthened Ni-based polycrystalline alloy10.1016/j.actamat.2024.120681 ↗
17. Room- and elevated-temperature mechanical property of selective laser melting-fabricated Hastelloy X with different heat treatments10.1016/j.msea.2023.145697 ↗
18. Evolution and Strengthening of Nanoprecipitates in a High Strength Maraging Stainless Steel10.1016/j.msea.2024.147198 ↗
19. Mo addition of high-strength seismic rebars subjected to Tempcore processes for tensile strength enhancement10.1016/j.matdes.2022.110766 ↗
20. Performance of corrosion-resistant alloys in concentrated acids10.1007/s40195-017-0538-y ↗
21. Localized corrosion characteristics of nickel alloys: A review10.1007/s40195-017-0553-z ↗
22. On the performance of commercially available corrosion-resistant nickel alloys: A review10.1515/corrrev-2016-0014 ↗
23. Long-range ordering behavior and mechanical properties of Ni–Mo-based alloys10.1007/BF00354421 ↗
24. Physical metallurgy of Ni–Mo alloys10.1179/imr.1984.29.1.210 ↗
25. Mechanism of order-induced embrittlement in Ni–Ni4Mo alloys10.1007/BF01184998 ↗
26. Effect of chromium addition on the ordering behaviour of Ni–Mo alloy: Experimental results vs. electronic structure calculations10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00093-9 ↗
27. Effect of Cr on the ordering behavior and ductility of an Ni–Ni4Mo alloy10.1007/BF02804375 ↗
28. On the precipitation of intermetallic compounds in selected solid-solution-strengthened Ni-base alloys and their effects on mechanical properties10.1007/s13632-017-0352-y ↗
29. Aseev, M.A., Belikov, S., Dedov, V.K., Kritskii, A.A., Mityukov, R.A., Pantyukhin, A.P., Polovov, I.B., Skiba, K.V., Kharin, P.A., and Chineikin, S.V. (2018). Corrosion-resistant alloy. (RU Patent 2672647).
30. The “C” family of Ni-Cr-Mo alloys’ partnership with the chemical process industry: The last 70 years10.1002/maco.19970480810 ↗
31. Hodge, F.G., Kirchner, R.W., and Silence, W.L.U.S. (1978). Nickel-Base Alloys. (Patent 4,080,201).
32. New Ni-Cr-Mo alloy demonstrates high-temperature structural stability with resultant increases in corrosion-resistance and mechanical properties10.1002/maco.19730241206 ↗
33. An improved Ni-Cr-Mo alloy for corrosion service10.5006/0010-9312-32.8.332 ↗
34. Das Zeit-Temperatur-Ausscheidungs- und das Zeit-Temperatur-Sensibilisierungs-Verhalten von hochkorrosionsbeständigen Nickel-Chrom-Molybdän-Legierungen10.1002/maco.19920430502 ↗
35. Nicrofer 5923 hMo, ein neuer hochkorrosionsbeständiger werkstoff für die chemische industrie, die umwelttechnik und verwandte anwendungen10.1002/maco.19920430803 ↗
36. Use of alloy 59 for the transport of highly corrosive dangerous goods10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.278.581 ↗
37. Eckhardt, M., Kloewer, J., and Agarwal, D.C. (2001, January 11). Why should one consider alloy 59 (UNS N06059) filler metal in marine applications?. Presented at CORROSION 2001, Houston, TX, USA.10.5006/C2001-01482 ↗
38. Alves, H., Wahl, V., Ibas, O., and Stenner, F. (2004, January 12–16). New results on long-term aging tests for rad-waste container alloy selection. Proceedings of the Long-Term Prediction and Modeling of Corrosion (EUROCORR 2004), Nice, France.
39. Identification of the second phases formed in VDM® alloy C-410.1088/1757-899X/1029/1/012055 ↗
40. A critical review on development, performance and selection of stainless steels and nickel alloys for the wet phosphoric acid process10.1016/j.matdes.2023.111739 ↗
41. Interest of alloy G-35® heat exchangers in phos-acid concentration loops10.1016/j.proeng.2012.09.473 ↗
42. Special features of formation of excess phases during aging of corrosion-resistant high-alloy austenitic alloys based on Fe and Ni10.1007/s11041-015-9814-5 ↗
43. Delineating the roles of Cr and Mo during ordering transformations in stoichiometric Ni2(Cr1−x,Mox) alloys10.1016/j.actamat.2015.06.022 ↗
44. Relation between short-range and long-range ordering and physical properties of corrosion-resistant alloys of the Ni–Cr–Mo system10.1007/s11041-020-00502-7 ↗
45. High strength and high ductility in a nanoscale superlattice of Ni2(Cr,Mo) deformable by twinning10.1016/j.scriptamat.2008.06.026 ↗
46. (2024). Metals. Standard No. GOST 1497-2023. Tensile test methods.
47. Corrosive resistance of nickel Hastelloy G-35 superalloy in various aggressive media10.1149/08614.0155ecst ↗
48. Precipitation behavior of sigma phase and its influence on mechanical properties of a Ni-Fe based alloy10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.01.048 ↗
49. Order-induced strengthening in Ni4Mo10.1007/BF00550001 ↗