A Multiple Regression Model Analysing Additional Sources of Dietary Fibre as a Factor Affecting the Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Broiler Chickens
Source abstract
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the effects of applying a 50% wheat grain diet with those of a diet with 3% additional dietary fibre from various sources on the development of broiler chickens’ gastrointestinal tract and its related organs and to model this phenomenon based on data obtained from 35-day-old chickens using multiple regression equations. The use of various structural components, including oat hull (OH), sunflower hull (SH), sugar beet pulp (SBP), and wheat bran (WB), in proportions of 3% of the diet not only affects digestive processes in broiler chickens’ gastrointestinal tract but also causes a change in the length of their intestinal sections or the weight of related organs. These effects can be taken into account when creating an experimental model, the results of which can at least be partially applicable to human studies. The use of OH and SH (3%) in the birds’ diets resulted in a significantly higher body weight (p < 0.05) compared with the use of SBP and WB. OH in the diet significantly increased (p < 0.01) the weight of the chicken’s gizzards compared with the other dietary fibre sources, apart from SH. On the other hand, the weight of the proventriculus in chickens fed the diet containing OH was significantly lower than that of the chickens fed the diet containing SBP (p < 0.05). The use of SH in the diet caused a significant decrease (p < 0.01) in the weight of the chickens’ heart. Compared with other additional sources of dietary fibre, OH in the diet also significantly increased (p < 0.05) the lengths of the small and large intestines, as well as the total length of the intestines. A correlation analysis showed a significant, average, positive relationship (p < 0.05) between the content of TDF in the diet and the weight of the gizzard and indicated a significant positive correlation between the lengths of the jejunum and the remaining sections of the intestines. Additionally, the regression equation models indicated a significant effect (p < 0.01) of all the independent variables on the jejunal, ileal, and caecal lengths and the liver weight. The application of the regression model confirmed significant changes in the small intestine and liver weight depending on the type of dietary fibre and other independent variables, which can also be taken into account when assessing diseases in people with thin intestines. However, further studies with separate models still need to be conducted using experiments including both soluble and insoluble fibre.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Animal Nutrition and Physiology · Rabbits: Nutrition, Reproduction, Health · Livestock and Poultry Management
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Statistical Analysis Centre, Wroclaw Medical University, Karola Marcinkowskiego 2–6, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 38c, 61-630 Wroclaw, Poland
Funding
Faculty of Biology and Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences
References (87)
Show source-provided references
1. Arcuri, S., Pennarossa, G., Pasquariello, R., Prasadani, M., Gandolfi, F., and Brevini, T.A.L. (2024). Generation of porcine and rainbow trout 3D intestinal models and their use to investigate astaxanthin effects in vitro. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.10.3390/ijms25115966 ↗
2. The pig as an optimal animal for cardiovascular research10.1038/s41684-024-01377-4 ↗
3. 3D-printed porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds for long bone repair in animal models: A systematic review10.1186/s13018-022-02960-6 ↗
4. Role of animal models in biomedical research: A review10.1186/s42826-022-00128-1 ↗
5. Beyond the chicken: Alternative avian models for developmental physiological research10.3389/fphys.2021.712633 ↗
6. Ma, D., Zhang, M., and Feng, J. (2024). Gut microbiota alleviates intestinal injury induced by extended exposure to light inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in broiler chickens. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.10.3390/ijms25126695 ↗
7. Chickens as a simple system for scientific discovery: The example of the MHC10.1016/j.molimm.2021.03.019 ↗
8. Partitioning the efficiency of utilization of amino acids in growing broilers: Multiple linear regression and multivariate approaches10.1371/journal.pone.0208488 ↗
9. Different dietary fibers unequally remodel gut microbiota and charge up anti-obesity effects10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108617 ↗
10. Different types of soluble dietary fibre decrease food intake, body weight gain and adiposity in young adult male rats10.1186/1743-7075-11-36 ↗
11. Insoluble dietary fibers: Structure, metabolism, interactions with human microbiome, and role in gut homeostasis10.1080/10408398.2022.2119931 ↗
12. Effects of dietary fiber on human health10.1016/j.fshw.2021.07.001 ↗
13. Zhang, C., Hao, E., Chen, X., Huang, C., Lin, G., Chen, H., Wang, D., Shi, L., Xuan, F., and Cheng, D. (2023). Dietary fiber level improve growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immune and intestinal morphology of broilers from day 22 to 42. Animals, 13.10.3390/ani13071227 ↗
14. Use of natural insoluble fiber in oat hulls (Avena sativa) as non-antibiotic growth promoter in broilers
15. Babatunde, O.O., Park, C.S., and Adeola, O. (2021). Nutritional potentials of atypical feed ingredients for broiler chickens and pigs. Animals, 11.10.3390/ani11051196 ↗
16. Digestibility and Energy value of non-starch polysaccharides in young chickens, ducks and geese, fed diets containing high amounts of barley10.1016/S1095-6433(01)00517-7 ↗
17. Effect of different dietary fibre raw material sources on production and gut development in fast-growing broilers10.4314/sajas.v54i2.03 ↗
18. Wróblewska, P., Hikawczuk, T., Szuba-Trznadel, A., Wiliczkiewicz, A., Zinchuk, A., Rusiecka, A., and Laszki-Szcząchor, K. (2024). Effect of triticale grain in diets on performance, development of gastrointestinal tract and microflora in crop and ileum of broiler chickens. Microorganisms, 12.10.3390/microorganisms12061239 ↗
19. The effect of added oat hulls or sugar beet pulp to diets containing rapidly or slowly digestible protein sources on broiler growth performance from 0 to 36 days of age10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.004 ↗
20. Oat hulls and sugar beet pulp in diets for broilers. 2. Effects on the development of the gastrointestinal tract and on the structure of the jejunal mucosa10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013.03.012 ↗
21. Effect of dietary almond hull on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, organ weight, caecum microbial counts, and noxious gas emission in broilers
22. Wróblewska, P., Hikawczuk, T., Sierżant, K., Wiliczkiewicz, A., and Szuba-Trznadel, A. (2022). Effect of oat hull as a source of insoluble dietary fibre on changes in the microbial status of gastrointestinal tract in broiler chickens. Animals, 12.10.3390/ani12192721 ↗
23. Optimisation of broilers performance to different dietary levels of fibre and different levels and sources of fat from 0 to 14 days of age10.1080/1828051X.2021.1882345 ↗
24. Dietary fibre-definition, chemistry and analytical determination10.1016/0098-2997(87)90014-8 ↗
25. Effect of various fiber types and choice feeding of fiber on performance, gut development, humoral immunity, and fiber preference in broiler chicks10.3382/ps/pev292 ↗
26. What are the limits to feed intake of broilers on bulky feeds?10.1016/j.psj.2020.11.008 ↗
27. Ghimire, S., Itani, K., Kaczmarek, S., Smith, A., and Svihus, B. (2024). Influence of particle size and inclusion level of oat hulls on retention and passage in the anterior digestive tract of broilers. Brit. Poult. Sci., 1–10.10.1080/00071668.2024.2426667 ↗
28. Effect of organic acids-essential oils blend and oat fiber combination on broiler chicken growth performance, blood parameters, and intestinal health10.1016/j.aninu.2021.02.001 ↗
29. Lignocellulose as an insoluble fiber source in poultry nutrition: A review
30. Effect of soy hulls as alternative ingredient on growth performance, carcase quality, nutrients digestibility and intestinal histological features in broilers10.1080/1828051X.2024.2397495 ↗
31. Changes in performance, cecal microflora counts and intestinal histology of Japanese quails fed diets containing different fibre sources10.1016/j.vas.2024.100386 ↗
32. Dietary fiber in poultry nutrition and their effects on nutrient utilization, performance, gut health, and on the environment: A review10.1186/s40104-021-00576-0 ↗
33. Adewole, D., MacIsaac, J., Fraser, G., and Rathgeber, B. (2020). Effect of oat hulls incorporated in the diet of fed as free choice on growth performance, carcass yield, gut morphology and digesta short chain fatty acids of broiler chickens. Suatainability, 12.10.3390/su12093744 ↗
34. The effect of increasing the level of oat hulls, extent of grinding and their interaction on the performance, gizzard characteristics and gut health of broiler chickens fed oat-based pelleted diets10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2023.115858 ↗
35. Rawash, M.A., Farkas, V., Such, N., Mezőlaki, Á., Menyhárt, L., Pál, L., Csitári, G., and Dublecz, K. (2023). Effects of barley- and oat-based diets on some gut parameters and microbiota composition of the small intestine and ceca of broiler chicken. Agriculture, 13.10.3390/agriculture13010169 ↗
36. Evaluation of the effect of different levels of fiber and fat on young broiler’s performance, pH, and viscosity of digesta using response surface methodology
37. Adewole, D. (2020). Effect of dietary supplementation with coarse or extruded oat hulls on growth performance, blood biochemical parameters, ceca microbiota and short chain fatty acids in broiler chickens. Animals, 10.10.3390/ani10081429 ↗
38. Efficacy of oat hulls varying in particle size in mitigating performance deterioration in broilers fed low-density crude protein diets10.1016/j.psj.2023.102979 ↗
39. A dynamic model to measure retention of solid and liquid digesta fractions in chickens fed diets with differing fibre sources10.1016/j.animal.2023.100867 ↗
40. Correlation and path analysis of body weight and biometric traits of Ross 308 breed of broiler chickens10.36380/jwpr.2021.41 ↗
41. Estimation of carcass yield from morphometric traits of ROSS 308 strain of broiler chickens raised in humid zone of Nigeria
42. Construction of multiple linear regression models using blood biomarkers for selecting against abdominal fat traits in broilers10.3382/ps/pex319 ↗
43. World’s Poultry Science Association, and Nutrition of the European Federation of Branches Subcommittee Energy of the Working Group (Beekbergen) (1989). European Tables of Energy Values of Feeds for Poultry, WPSA. [3rd ed.].
44. Smulikowska, S., and Rutkowski, A. (2005). Polish Requirements of Poultry Nutrition, Instytut Fizjologii i Żywienia Zwierząt, PAN. [4th ed.]. (In Polish).
45. AOAC (2012). Official Methods of Analysis, Association of Official Analytical Chemists. [19th ed.].
46. Effect of mash and pellet diets containing different sources of fiber on growth performance and cecal microbial population of broiler chickens
47. Hikawczuk, T. (2013). Effect of Non-Starch Polysaccharides of Cereal Grains on Physiological Parameters of Crop and Ileum, and Digestibility of Nutrients in Broiler Chicken. [Ph.D. Thesis, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu]. (In Polish).
48. Chicken embryo as a model in epigenetic research10.1016/j.psj.2021.101164 ↗
49. From the farm to the lab: How chicken embryos contribute to the field of teratology10.3389/fgene.2021.666726 ↗
50. The chicken model organism for epigenomic research10.1139/gen-2020-0129 ↗
51. Fu, Y., and Cheng, H.-W. (2024). The influence of cecal microbiota transplantation on chicken injurious behavior: Perspective in human neuropsychiatric research. Biomolecules, 14.10.3390/biom14081017 ↗
52. Fu, J., Zheng, Y., Gao, Y., and Xu, W. (2022). Dietary fiber intake and gut microbiota in human health. Microorganisms, 10.10.3390/microorganisms10122507 ↗
53. Ojo, O., Feng, Q.-Q., Ojo, O.O., and Wang, X.-H. (2020). The role of dietary fibre in modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Nutrients, 12.10.3390/nu12113239 ↗
54. Microbial metabolite dysbiosis and colorectal cancer10.5009/gnl220260 ↗
55. Wickramasuriya, S.S., Park, I., Lee, K., Lee, Y., Kim, W.H., Nam, H., and Lillehoj, H.S. (2022). Role of physiology, immunity, microbiota and infectious diseases in the gut health of poultry. Vaccines, 10.10.3390/vaccines10020172 ↗
56. Shehata, A.A., Yalçin, S., Latorre, J.D., Basiouni, S., Attia, Y.A., El-Wahab, A.A., Visscher, C., El-Seedi, H.R., Huber, C., and Hafez, H.M. (2022). Probiotics, prebiotics, and phytogenic substances for optimizing gut health in poultry. Microorganisms, 10.10.3390/microorganisms10020395 ↗
57. Bacillus subtilis M6 improves intestinal barrier, antioxidant capacity and gut microbial composition in AA broiler10.3389/fnut.2022.965310 ↗
58. Denbow, D.M. (2015). Chapter 14—Gastrointestinal Anatomy and Physiology. Sturkie’s Avian Physiology, Academic Press. [6th ed.].10.1016/B978-0-12-407160-5.00014-2 ↗
59. Domestic chicken diversity: Origin, distribution, and adaptation10.1111/age.13091 ↗
60. Tejeda, O.J., and Kim, W.K. (2021). Role of dietary fiber in poultry nutrition. Animals, 11.10.3390/ani11020461 ↗
61. Effects of diet density and feeding frequency during the rearing period on broiler breeder performance10.1080/00071668.2021.1918634 ↗
62. Effect of a “diluted” diet containing 10% lignocellulose on the gastrointestinal tract, intestinal microbiota, and excreta characteristics of dual purpose laying hens10.3382/ps/pez492 ↗
63. Hikawczuk, T., Szuba-Trznadel, A., Wróblewska, P., and Wiliczkiewicz, A. (2023). Oat hull as a source of lignin-cellulose complex in diets containing wheat or barley and its effect on performance and morphometric measurements of gastrointestinal tract in broiler chickens. Agriculture, 13.10.3390/agriculture13040896 ↗
64. Surface modification of cellulose from oat hull with citric acid using ultrasonication and reactive extrusion assisted processes10.3390/polysaccharides2020015 ↗
65. A new strategy for a separate manufacture arabinooligosaccharides and oligogalacturonides by hydrothermal treatment of sugar beet pulp10.1007/s11947-024-03398-w ↗
66. The effects of different dietary fiber pectin structures on the gastrointestinal immune barrier: Impact via gut microbiota and direct effects on immune cells10.1038/s12276-020-0449-2 ↗
67. Non-starch polysaccharide degradation in the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens fed commercial-type diets supplemented with either a single dose of xylanase, a double dose of xylanase, or a cocktail of non-starch polysaccharide-degrading enzymes10.1016/j.psj.2022.101846 ↗
68. Sources and levels of copper affect liver copper profile, intestinal morphology and cecal microbiota population of broiler chickens fed wheat-soybean meal diets10.1038/s41598-022-06204-9 ↗
69. Phenotypic timeline of gastrointestinal tract development in broilers divergently selected for digestive efficiency10.1016/j.psj.2020.11.013 ↗
70. Insoluble fiber source influences performance, nutrients digestibility, gut development and carcass traits of broilers
71. Effect of inclusion of oat hulls and sugar beet pulp in the diet on productive performance and digestive traits of broilers from 1 to 42 days of age10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.08.010 ↗
72. Effects of the inclusion of sunflower hulls in the diet on growth performance and digestive tract traits of broilers and pullets fed a broiler diet from zero to 21 d of age. A comparative study10.3382/ps/pew263 ↗
73. Evaluation of fibrous feed ingredients alternatives to oat hulls as a source of feed structure in broiler diets10.1016/j.psj.2024.104297 ↗
74. Shang, Q., Wu, D., Liu, H., Manfuz, S., and Piao, X. (2020). The impact of wheat bran on the morphology and physiology of the gastrointestinal tract in broiler chickens. Animals, 10.10.3390/ani10101831 ↗
75. Effects of oat hulls and wood shavings on digestion in broilers and layers fed diets based on whole or ground wheat10.1080/0007166031000124595 ↗
76. Effect of feeding potato peels and sugar beet pulp with or without enzyme on nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, and meat quality of broiler chickens
77. Dilution of broiler breeder diets with oat hulls prolongs feeding but does not affect central control of appetite10.1016/j.psj.2024.104262 ↗
78. Effect of insoluble fiber supplementation applied of different ages on digestive organ weight and digestive enzymes of layer-strain poultry10.3382/ps/pev336 ↗
79. Response of broiler chickens fed wheat-based diets to xylanase supplementation10.3382/ps/pex092 ↗
80. Dietary fiber intake, myocardial injury, and major adverse cardiovascular events among end-stage kidney disease patients: A prospective cohort study10.1016/j.ekir.2019.03.007 ↗
81. Effects of dietary fiber and threonine on performance, intestinal morphology and immune responses in broiler chickens10.1016/j.aninu.2019.06.001 ↗
82. Evaluation of oats with varying hull inclusion in broiler diets up to 35 days10.1016/j.psj.2019.12.043 ↗
83. Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, gastrointestinal tract traits in response to dietary fiber sources in broiler chickens
84. Evaluation of dietary lignin on broiler performance, nutrient digestibility, cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations, gut morphometry, and lipid oxidation10.1016/j.psj.2024.103518 ↗
85. Ginindza, M., Mbatha, K.R., and Ng’ambi, J. (2022). Dietary crude fiber levels for optimal productivity of male Ross 308 broiler and Venda chickens aged 1 to 42 days. Animals, 12.10.3390/ani12101333 ↗
86. Effect of type of fiber and its physiochemical properties on performance, digestive transit time and cecal fermentation in broilers from 1 to 23d of age10.1016/j.psj.2023.103192 ↗
87. Dietary levels of soluble and insoluble fibre sources for young slow-growing broilers10.17221/84/2023-CJAS ↗