Investigation for Possible Association of the Topside and Bottomside Ionospheric Irregularities over the Midlatitude Ionosphere
Source abstract
Abstract
The present study investigates the characteristics of ionospheric irregularities at middle latitudes by examining the association between spread F (SF) events detected by Digisondes and medium-scale travelling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) detected by GNSS with a special emphasis on the coupling with topside irregularities observed by Swarm satellites based on in situ electron density (Ne) measurements. We analyzed SF events over the European midlatitude region from 2015 to 2017, over six Digisonde stations coinciding with Swarm satellite overpasses. Swarm latitudinal Ne profiles were used to identify topside irregularities, while GNSS d-TEC and ROTI maps were used to track MSTIDs and irregularities, respectively. Based on ten selected cases demonstrating concurrent SF and topside irregularities, our findings suggest a strong association between SF in the bottomside ionosphere and fluctuations in topside Ne.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics · GNSS positioning and interference · Earthquake Detection and Analysis
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Frederick Research Center, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus
Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering and Informatics, School of Engineering, Frederick University, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus
References (50)
Show source-provided references
1. Schunk, R., and Nagy, A. (2009). Ionospheres: Physics, Plasma Physics, and Chemistry, Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511635342 ↗
2. F-region ionosphere investigations at low latitude
3. Ionospheric frequency spread and its relationship with range spread in midlatitude regions10.1029/91JA00389 ↗
4. Short-term delays (hours) of ionospheric spread F occurrence at a range of latitudes, following geomagnetic activity10.1029/98JA00630 ↗
5. Simultaneous observations at Darwin of equatorial bubbles by ionosonde-based range/time displays and airglow imaging10.1029/2011GL049856 ↗
6. Correlation between ionospheric strong range spread F and scintillations observed in Vanimo station10.1002/2014JA020447 ↗
7. Morphology of quantified ionospheric range spread-F over a wide range of midlatitudes in the Australian longitudinal sector10.5194/angeo-25-1125-2007 ↗
8. Turbulent upwelling of the midlatitude ionosphere: 2. Theoretical framework10.1029/90JA02252 ↗
9. Deformation and striation of plasma clouds in the ionosphere: 110.1029/JA078i004p00697 ↗
10. February. On the origin of mesoscale TIDs at midlatitudes10.5194/angeo-29-361-2011 ↗
11. Electrodynamics of midlatitude spread F: 1. Observations of unstable, gravity wave-induced ionospheric electric fields at tropical latitudes10.1029/96JA03839 ↗
12. Basic properties and gravity wave initiation of the midlatitude F region instability10.1029/93RS01669 ↗
13. The influence of 10.7-cm solar-flux variations on midlatitude daytime ionospheric disturbance conditions10.1029/95JA03768 ↗
14. The upper atmosphere in motion10.1002/qj.49708937902 ↗
15. Determining parameters of large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances of auroral origin using GPS-arrays10.1016/S1364-6826(00)00011-0 ↗
16. Medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances affecting GPS measurements: Spatial and temporal analysis
17. Estimating the propagation characteristics of large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances using ground-based and satellite data10.1002/2013JA018997 ↗
18. A midlatitude spread F over an extended European area10.1016/j.jastp.2023.106093 ↗
19. Major upwelling and overturning in the midlatitude F region ionosphere10.1038/s41467-018-05809-x ↗
20. Kotulak, K., Zakharenkova, I., Krankowski, A., Cherniak, I., Wang, N., and Fron, A. (2020). Climatology characteristics of ionospheric irregularities described with GNSS ROTI. Remote Sens., 12.10.3390/rs12162634 ↗
21. ROTI Maps: A new IGS ionospheric product characterizing the ionospheric irregularities occurrence10.1007/s10291-018-0730-1 ↗
22. Kintner, P.M., Coster, A.J., Fuller-Rowell, T., Mannucci, A.J., Mendillo, M., and Heelis, R. (2013). Midlatitude Ionospheric Dynamics and Disturbances, John Wiley & Sons.10.1029/181GM02 ↗
23. Paul, K.S., Rafi, M.H., Haralambous, H., and Mostafa, M.G. (2024). Correlation of Rate of TEC Index and Spread F over European Ionosondes. Atmosphere, 15.10.3390/atmos15030331 ↗
24. Mapping topside ionospheric vertical electron content from multiple LEO satellites at different orbital altitudes10.1007/s00190-020-01415-2 ↗
25. Middle-latitudinal band structure observed in the nighttime ionosphere10.1029/2018JA026059 ↗
26. The Swarm satellite loss of GPS signal and its relation to ionospheric plasma irregularities10.1002/2016SW001439 ↗
27. A statistical study on the winter ionospheric nighttime enhancement at middle latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere10.1029/2020JA027950 ↗
28. Plasma density undulations in the nighttime midlatitude F-region as observed by CHAMP, KOMPSAT-1, and DMSP F1510.1016/j.jastp.2009.11.007 ↗
29. Spatial Characteristics on the Occurrence of the Nighttime Midlatitude Medium-Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbance at Topside Ionosphere Revealed by the Swarm Satellite10.1029/2019JA027739 ↗
30. Characteristics of the effective scale height in the topside ionosphere extracted from Swarm A and Digisonde observations: Preliminary results10.1029/2021JA030075 ↗
31. Investigation of the negative ionospheric response of the 8 September 2017 geomagnetic storm over the European sector10.1016/j.asr.2022.05.035 ↗
32. Hussien, F., Ghamry, E., and Fathy, A. (2021). A statistical analysis of plasma bubbles observed by Swarm constellation during different types of geomagnetic storms. Universe, 7.10.3390/universe7040090 ↗
33. Ionospheric plasma irregularities characterized by the Swarm satellites: Statistics at high latitudes10.1029/2018JA026063 ↗
34. GPS and in situ Swarm observations of the equatorial plasma density irregularities in the topside ionosphere10.1186/s40623-016-0490-5 ↗
35. Ionospheric irregularities and scintillations: A direct comparison of in situ density observations with ground-based L-band receivers10.1186/s40623-020-01294-z ↗
36. Ionospheric plasma irregularities based on in situ measurements from the Swarm satellites10.1029/2020JA028103 ↗
37. Haralambous, H., and Paul, K.S. (2023). Travelling ionospheric disturbance direction of propagation detection using Swarm AC in-situ electron density. Remote Sens., 15.10.3390/rs15040897 ↗
38. Ionospheric plasma irregularities studied with Swarm satellites10.1051/e3sconf/20186201009 ↗
39. Simultaneous ground-based and in situ Swarm observations of equatorial F-region irregularities over Jicamarca10.5194/angeo-38-1063-2020 ↗
40. Global Ionospheric Radio Oionospheric radio observatory (GIRO)10.5047/eps.2011.03.001 ↗
41. Thermal ion imagers and Langmuir probes in the Swarm electric field instruments10.1002/2016JA022571 ↗
42. Occurrence probability and amplitude of equatorial ionospheric irregularities associated with plasma bubbles during low and moderate solar activities (2008–2012)10.1002/2013JA019212 ↗
43. Kuai, J., Wang, K., Zhong, J., Wan, X., Huang, F., Sun, H., Chen, J., Song, X., and Han, H. (2022). Analysis of the ionospheric irregularities and phase scintillation at low and middle latitudes based on swarm observations. Remote Sens., 14.10.3390/rs14194780 ↗
44. Comparison of ground-based ionospheric scintillation observations with in situ electron density variations as measured by the Swarm satellites10.1029/2018RS006734 ↗
45. Long-term aspects of nighttime spread F over a low midlatitude European station10.1016/j.asr.2019.06.020 ↗
46. Instability mechanisms for the F-region plasma irregularities inside the midlatitude ionospheric trough: Swarm observations10.1029/2021SW002785 ↗
47. Simultaneous density and electric field fluctuation spectra associated with velocity shears in the auroral oval10.1029/JA093iA01p00115 ↗
48. Studies of ionospheric F-region irregularities from geomagnetic midlatitude conjugate regions10.1016/0021-9169(88)90010-4 ↗
49. Correlation of in situ measurements of plasma irregularities with ground-based scintillation observations10.1029/2010JA015288 ↗
50. Multipoint observations of equatorial plasma bubbles10.1029/2002JA009382 ↗