A comprehensive review on microchannel heat sinks for electronics cooling
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract The heat generation of electronic devices is increasing dramatically, which causes a serious bottleneck in the thermal management of electronics, and overheating will result in performance deterioration and even device damage. With the development of micro-machining technologies, the microchannel heat sink (MCHS) has become one of the best ways to remove the considerable amount of heat generated by high-power electronics. It has the advantages of large specific surface area, small size, coolant saving and high heat transfer coefficient. This paper comprehensively takes an overview of the research progress in MCHSs and generalizes the hotspots and bottlenecks of this area. The heat transfer mechanisms and performances of different channel structures, coolants, channel materials and some other influencing factors are reviewed. Additionally, this paper classifies the heat transfer enhancement technology and reviews the related studies on both the single-phase and phase-change flow and heat transfer. The comprehensive review is expected to provide a theoretical reference and technical guidance for further research and application of MCHSs in the future.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Heat Transfer and Optimization · Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems · Heat Transfer Mechanisms
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (100+)
Show source-provided references
1. Computational analysis of new microchannel heat sink configurations10.1016/j.enconman.2014.06.038 ↗
2. Thermal management system for high, dense, and compact power electronics10.1016/j.enconman.2022.115975 ↗
3. Static and dynamic flow instability of a parallel microchannel heat sink at high heat fluxes10.1016/j.enconman.2004.02.012 ↗
4. Application of a novel biological nanofluid in a liquid block heat sink for cooling of an electronic processor: thermal performance and irreversibility considerations10.1016/j.enconman.2017.07.020 ↗
5. The influence of microchannel heat sink configurations on the performance of low concentrator photovoltaic systems10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.08.202 ↗
6. Seeking advanced thermal management for stretchable electronics10.1038/s41528-021-00109-9 ↗
7. A review on efficient thermal management of air- and liquid-cooled data centers: from chip to the cooling system10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.08.037 ↗
8. Solid-state cooling: thermoelectrics10.1039/D2EE02408J ↗
9. Thermal performance and second law characteristics of two new microchannel heat sinks operated with hybrid nanofluid containing graphene-silver nanoparticles10.1016/j.enconman.2018.05.020 ↗
10. Experimental study and Taguchi analysis on LED cooling by thermoelectric cooler integrated with microchannel heat sink10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.03.071 ↗
11. A cascade electrocaloric cooling device for large temperature lift10.1038/s41560-020-00715-3 ↗
12. Highly efficient electrocaloric cooling with electrostatic actuation10.1126/science.aan5980 ↗
13. Flexible microfluidic electrocaloric cooling capillary tube with giant specific device cooling power density10.1016/j.joule.2021.12.010 ↗
14. Visualization study of a flat confined loop heat pipe for electronic devices cooling10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119451 ↗
15. Thermal performance analysis of flat heat pipe with graded mini-grooves wick10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.07.053 ↗
16. Power-saving exploration for high-end ultra-slim laptop computers with miniature loop heat pipe cooling module10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.01.258 ↗
17. Comparison of heat pump performance using fin-and-tube and microchannel heat exchangers under frost conditions10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.08.021 ↗
18. High-performance heat sinking for VLSI10.1109/EDL.1981.25367 ↗
19. Evolution of microchannel flow passages–thermohydraulic performance and fabrication technology10.1080/01457630304040 ↗
20. Three-dimensional conjugate heat transfer in the microchannel heat sink for electronic packaging10.1016/S0017-9310(99)00151-9 ↗
21. Experimental and numerical study of pressure drop and heat transfer in a single-phase micro-channel heat sink10.1016/S0017-9310(01)00337-4 ↗
22. Thermodynamic analysis of the effect of channel geometry on heat transfer in double-layered microchannel heat sinks10.1016/j.enconman.2017.04.013 ↗
23. Performance evaluation of high concentration photovoltaic cells cooled by microchannels heat sink with serpentine reentrant microchannels10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.118478 ↗
24. Chaotic mixer for microchannels10.1126/science.1066238 ↗
25. Liquid morphologies on structured surfaces: from microchannels to microchips10.1126/science.283.5398.46 ↗
26. Thermal and hydrodynamic analysis of a fractal microchannel network10.1016/j.enconman.2004.05.008 ↗
27. Fine-tuning width and aspect ratio of an improved microchannel heat sink for energy-efficient thermal management10.1016/j.enconman.2015.08.068 ↗
28. Parametric study on the performance of double-layered microchannels heat sink10.1016/j.enconman.2014.01.014 ↗
29. The effect of geometrical parameters on heat transfer characteristics of microchannels heat sink with different shapes10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2010.06.014 ↗
30. Optimum shape and dimensions of ducts for convective heat transfer in laminar flow at constant wall temperature10.1016/S0017-9310(99)00189-1 ↗
31. Three-dimensional numerical simulation of heat and fluid flow in noncircular microchannel heat sinks10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2009.06.004 ↗
32. Influence of geometric parameters on flow and heat transfer performance of micro-channel heat sinks10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.07.039 ↗
33. Enhancement of the cooling capability of a high concentration photovoltaic system using microchannels with forward triangular ribs on sidewalls10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.05.052 ↗
34. Experimental and numerical study of fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics in microchannel heat sink with complex structure10.1016/j.enconman.2015.08.042 ↗
35. Dynamic nanofin heat sinks10.1002/aenm.201300537 ↗
36. Characteristics of entropy generation and heat transfer in double-layered micro heat sinks with complex structure10.1016/j.enconman.2015.06.022 ↗
37. Experimental study of ionic liquid-water flow in T-shaped microchannels with different aspect ratios10.1088/1742-6596/899/3/032026 ↗
38. A parametric study on thermal performance of microchannel heat sinks with internally vertical bifurcations in laminar liquid flow10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.10.025 ↗
39. Numerical simulation of heat transfer enhancement in wavy microchannel heat sink10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2010.09.012 ↗
40. Microscale heat transfer enhancement using thermal boundary layer redeveloping concept10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2004.12.008 ↗
41. Enhancing heat transfer in microchannel heat sinks using converging flow passages10.1016/j.enconman.2014.12.063 ↗
42. Numerical simulation of fluid flow and heat transfer in a microchannel heat sink with offset fan-shaped reentrant cavities in sidewall10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2010.12.037 ↗
43. Study on the flow resistance performance of fluid cross various shapes of micro-scale pin fin10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.07.048 ↗
44. Effect of pin fin to channel height ratio and pin fin geometry on heat transfer performance for flow in rectangular channels10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2014.05.030 ↗
45. Heat transfer and fluid flow in shrouded pin fin arrays with and without tip clearance10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2009.08.005 ↗
46. Effect of tip clearance on the heat transfer and pressure drop performance in the micro-reactor with micro-pin-fin arrays at low Reynolds number10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2013.11.060 ↗
47. Heat transfer enhancement in microchannel heat sink using hybrid technique of ribs and secondary channels10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.06.103 ↗
48. Experimental investigation of the heat transfer performance of microchannel heat exchangers with fan-shaped cavities10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.01.140 ↗
49. Flow and heat transfer characteristics and optimization study on the water-cooled microchannel heat sinks with dimple and pin-fin10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.11.112 ↗
50. Heat transfer enhancement of air flowing across grooved channels: joint effects of channel height and groove depth10.1115/1.2790022 ↗
51. Parametric numerical study of the flow and heat transfer in microchannel with dimples10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2016.06.002 ↗
52. Optimizing heat-absorption efficiency of phase change materials by mimicking leaf vein morphology10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.114982 ↗
53. Second-law analysis and optimization of microchannel flows subjected to different thermal boundary conditions10.1002/er.1051 ↗
54. Artificial neural network model and multi-objective optimization of microchannel heat sinks with diamond-shaped pin fins10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2022.123015 ↗
55. Enhancing performance of nanofluid mini-channel heat sinks through machine learning and multi-objective optimization of operating parameters10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2023.124204 ↗
56. Machine learning algorithms to predict flow condensation heat transfer coefficient in mini/micro-channel utilizing universal data10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.120351 ↗
57. Comparison of the optimized thermal performance of square and circular ammonia-cooled microchannel heat sink with genetic algorithm10.1016/j.enconman.2015.02.008 ↗
58. Optimal geometric structure for nanofluid-cooled microchannel heat sink under various constraint conditions10.1016/j.enconman.2012.08.018 ↗
59. Optimization of thermal resistance and bottom wall temperature uniformity for double-layered microchannel heat sink10.1016/j.enconman.2015.01.004 ↗
60. Multi objective optimization of a micro-channel heat sink through genetic algorithm10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.118847 ↗
61. Numerical investigation for optimizing segmented micro-channel heat sink by Taguchi-Grey method10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.186 ↗
62. Optimal design of geometric parameters of double-layered microchannel heat sinks10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.02.059 ↗
63. Numerical modeling and thermal optimization of a single-phase flow manifold-microchannel plate heat exchanger10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2014.10.022 ↗
64. Geometry parameters optimization for a microchannel heat sink with secondary flow channel10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2019.03.009 ↗
65. Numerical study on microchannel heat sink with asymmetric leaf pattern
66. Heat transfer improvement in microchannel heat sink by topology design and optimization for high heat flux chip cooling10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.09.092 ↗
67. Numerical investigation of microchannel heat sinks with different inlets and outlets based on topology optimization10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120335 ↗
68. Manifold microchannel heat sink topology optimisation10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2021.121025 ↗
69. An experimental investigation of a PCM-based heat sink enhanced with a topology-optimized tree-like structure10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114608 ↗
70. Topology optimization of heat exchangers: a review10.1016/j.energy.2022.124053 ↗
71. Functional hydrogel structures for autonomous flow control inside microfluidic channels10.1038/35007047 ↗
72. The origins and the future of microfluidics10.1038/nature05058 ↗
73. Thermal management of electronic components with thermal adaptation composite material10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.06.007 ↗
74. Thermal performance of co-electrospun fatty acid nanofiber composites in the presence of nanoparticles10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.12.055 ↗
75. Thermal and hydrodynamic analysis of microchannel heat sinks: a review10.1016/j.rser.2013.01.022 ↗
76. Characteristics of heat transfer and fluid flow in microtube and microchannel using conventional fluids and nanofluids: a review10.1016/j.rser.2013.08.012 ↗
77. An experimental study on hydrothermal performance of microchannel heat sinks with 4-ports and offset zigzag channels10.1016/j.enconman.2017.09.052 ↗
78. Thermal performance investigation of staggered and inline pin fin heat sinks using water based rutile and anatase TiO2 nanofluids10.1016/j.enconman.2015.10.015 ↗
79. Heat transfer characteristics in nanofluid—a review10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.010 ↗
80. A review on applications and challenges of nanofluids10.1016/j.rser.2010.11.035 ↗
81. Application of nanofluids in heat exchangers: a review10.1016/j.rser.2012.05.023 ↗
82. Performance of water based CuO and Al2O3 nanofluids in a Cu-Be alloy heat sink with rectangular microchannels10.1016/j.enconman.2014.05.013 ↗
83. A critical review on convective heat transfer correlations of nanofluids10.1016/j.rser.2011.04.025 ↗
84. Heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics in microchannels heat exchanger using nanofluids: a review10.1016/j.rser.2010.11.031 ↗
85. Airfoil shaped pin-fin heat sink: potential evaluation of ferric oxide and titania nanofluids10.1016/j.enconman.2019.112194 ↗
86. Effectiveness of nanofluid on improving the performance of microchannel heat sink10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.01.114 ↗
87. Investigation of a nanofluid-cooled microchannel heat sink using fin and porous media approaches10.1016/j.enconman.2009.05.021 ↗
88. An overview on heat transfer augmentation using vortex generators and nanofluids: approaches and applications10.1016/j.rser.2012.06.003 ↗
89. Effects of streamwise conduction on thermal performance of nanofluid flow in microchannel heat sinks10.1016/j.enconman.2013.10.061 ↗
90. Thermal and flow analysis of microchannel heat sink (MCHS) cooled by Cu-water nanofluid using porous media approach and least square method10.1016/j.enconman.2013.10.063 ↗
91. Single-phase heat transfer enhancement in micro/minichannels using nanofluids: theory and applications10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.11.099 ↗
92. Experimental microchannel heat sink performance studies using nanofluids10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2006.03.009 ↗
93. An experimental investigation of forced convective cooling performance of a microchannel heat sink with Al2O3/water nanofluid10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2009.07.003 ↗
94. Convective heat transfer of Cu–water nanofluid in a cylindrical microchannel heat sink10.1016/j.enconman.2015.05.073 ↗
95. Fully solution processed liquid metal features as highly conductive and ultrastretchable conductors10.1038/s41528-021-00123-x ↗
96. Nanowire-assisted freestanding liquid metal thin-film patterns for highly stretchable electrodes on 3D surfaces10.1038/s41528-022-00232-1 ↗
97. Liquid gallium metal cooling for optical elements with high heat loads10.1016/0168-9002(88)90440-8 ↗
98. Experimental investigation of galinstan based minichannel cooling for high heat flux and large heat power thermal management10.1016/j.enconman.2019.02.010 ↗
99. Vascularized liquid metal cooling for thermal management of kW high power laser diode array10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.114212 ↗
100. Heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids in heat pipes: a review10.1016/j.rser.2012.11.044 ↗