Ultrathin hydrogel–elastomer nanomembranes enable imperceptible tissue interfaces

Abstract Soft bioelectronics enable precise diagnosis and therapeutic intervention by forming intimate interfaces with biological tissues. However, achieving stable and conformal contact on irregular and dynamic tissue surfaces remains a significant challenge1-3. Conventional ultrathin soft platforms that address these issues often require complex fabrication processes, limiting their practicality and performance4, 5. Writing in Nature Nanotechnology, Son and colleagues report a hydrogel–elastomer adhesive bilayer based on ionic–electronic conductive nanomembranes (THIN). This design provides an ultrathin, phase-transformable, and strain-insensitive ion–electron conducting interface capable of precise biosignal monitoring.