Reliability of Reinforced Concrete Structures Subjected to Corrosion-Fatigue and Climate Change
Source abstract
Abstract
Durability of reinforced concrete (RC) structures is affected by certain environmental conditions and operational actions which can reduce their lifetime significantly. Among these actions, this paper proposes a stochastic model that accounts for the combined effects of chloride-induced corrosion, climate change and cyclic loading. Separately, corrosion leads to cross-section reduction, climate change produces changes in temperature and humidity and fatigue induces nucleation and propagation of cracks in the rebars. When considered together, pitting corrosion nucleates cracks while environmental factors affect the kinematics of chloride ingress and corrosion propagation. The proposed approach is illustrated with the reliability analysis of a bridge girder subjected to cyclic loading under various environmental conditions. The overall results indicate that climate change effect induces lifetime reductions ranging between 1.4 and 2.3% if fatigue load is neglected. Under cyclic loading, total lifetime reduction increases up to 7%.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Concrete Corrosion and Durability · Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition · Smart Materials for Construction
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (47)
Show source-provided references
1. Ahn, S. H., Lawrence, F. V., & Metzger, M. M. (1992). Corrosion fatigue of an HSLA steel. Fatigue and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures, 15, 625–642.10.1111/j.1460-2695.1992.tb01302.x ↗
2. Ahn, W., & Reddy, D. V. (2001). Galvanostatic testing for the durability of marine concrete under fatigue loading. Cement and Concrete Research, 31, 343–349.10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00506-8 ↗
3. Akita, H., Fujiwara, T., & Ozaka, Y. (1997). A practical procedure for the analysis of moisture transfer within concrete due to drying. Magazine of Concrete Research, 49(179), 129–137.10.1680/macr.1997.49.179.129 ↗
4. Al-Hammoud, R., Soudki, K., & Topper, T. H. (2011). Fatigue flexural behavior of corroded reinforced concrete beams repaired with CFRP sheets. Journal of Composites for Construction, 15(1), 42–51. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cc.1943-5614.0000144 .10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000144 ↗
5. Bastidas-Arteaga, E., Bressolette, P., Chateauneuf, A., & Sánchez-Silva, M. (2009). Probabilistic lifetime assessment of RC structures under coupled corrosion-fatigue processes. Structural Safety, 31(1), 84–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2008.04.001 .10.1016/j.strusafe.2008.04.001 ↗
6. Bastidas-Arteaga, E., Chateauneuf, A., Sánchez-Silva, M., Bressolette, P., & Schoefs, F. (2010). Influence of weather and global warming in chloride ingress into concrete: A stochastic approach. Structural Safety, 32(4), 238–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2010.03.002 .10.1016/j.strusafe.2010.03.002 ↗
7. Bastidas-Arteaga, E., Chateauneuf, A., Sánchez-Silva, M., Bressolette, P., & Schoefs, F. (2011). A comprehensive probabilistic model of chloride ingress in unsaturated concrete. Engineering Structures, 33(3), 720–730. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.11.008 .10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.11.008 ↗
8. Bastidas-Arteaga, E., Sánchez-Silva, M., & Chateauneuf, A. (2007). Structural reliability of RC structures subject to biodeterioration, corrosion and concrete cracking. In J. Kanda, T. Takada, & H. Furuta (Eds.), 10th International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering (pp. 183–190). Tokyo.
9. Bastidas-Arteaga, E., & Schoefs, F. (2015). Sustainable maintenance and repair of RC coastal structures. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers—Maritime Engineering, 168(4), 162–173. https://doi.org/10.1680/jmaen.14.00018 .10.1680/jmaen.14.00018 ↗
10. Bastidas-Arteaga, E., & Stewart, M. G. (2016). Economic assessment of climate adaptation strategies for existing RC structures subjected to chloride-induced corrosion. Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 12(4), 432–449. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2015.1020499 .10.1080/15732479.2015.1020499 ↗
11. Bhide, S. (1999). Material Usage and Condition of Existing Bridges in the {U.S.}. Skokie, Ill.
12. Brunauer, S., Skalny, J., & Bodor, E. (1969). Adsorption in nonporous solids. Journal of Colloid Interface Science, 30, 546–552.10.1016/0021-9797(69)90423-8 ↗
13. Chen, G. S., & Duquette, D. J. (1992). Corrosion fatigue of a precipitation-hardened Al-Li-Zr alloy in a 0.5 M sodium chloride solution. Metallurgical Transactions, 23, 1563–1572.10.1007/BF02647338 ↗
14. Chen, G. S., Wan, K. C., Gao, M., Wei, R. P., & Flournoy, T. H. (1996). Transition from pitting to fatigue crack growth modeling of corrosion fatigue crack nucleation in a 2024-T3. aluminum alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A, 219, 126–132.10.1016/S0921-5093(96)10414-7 ↗
15. Clifton, J. R. (1993). Predicting the service life of concrete. ACI Materials Journal, 90, 611–617.
16. ElSafty, A., Graeff, M. K., & Fallaha, S. (2014). Behavior of laterally damaged prestressed concrete bridge girders repaired with CFRP laminates under static and fatigue loading. International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, 8(1), 43–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40069-013-0053-0 .10.1007/s40069-013-0053-0 ↗
17. European standard. (2004). Eurocode 1 and 2: Basis of design and actions on structures and design of concrete structures (AFNOR.).
18. Gangloff, R. P. (2005). Environmental cracking corrosion fatigue. In R. Baboian (Ed.), Corrosion tests and standards: Application and interpretation (pp. 302–321). West Conshohocken: ASTM International.
19. Geocisa, & the Torroja Institute. (2002). Contecvet: A validated users manual for assessing the residual service life of concrete structures. Manual for assessing corrosion-affected concrete structures. Annex C Calculation of a representative corrosion rate. British Cement Association, UK.
20. Ghanem, R. G., & Spanos, P. D. (1991). Stochastic Finite Elements: A Spectral Approach. New York: Springer. http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-1-4612-3094-6.pdf .10.1007/978-1-4612-3094-6 ↗
21. Imam, A., Anifowose, F., & Azad, A. K. (2015). Residual strength of corroded reinforced concrete beams using an adaptive model based on ANN. International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, 9(2), 159–172. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40069-015-0097-4 .10.1007/s40069-015-0097-4 ↗
22. Inman, M. (2011). Opening the future. Nature Climate Change, 1(1), 7–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1058 .10.1038/nclimate1058 ↗
23. IPCC. (2013). T. F. Stocker, D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S. K. Allen, J. Boschung, et al. (eds.), Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press.
24. Jones, D. A. (1992). Principles and prevention of corrosion. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co.
25. Khan, A., Cook, W., & Mitchell, D. (1998). Thermal properties and transient thermal analysis of structural members during hydration. ACI Materials Journal, 95(3), 293–303.
26. Kim, H.-R., Choi, W.-C., Yoon, S.-C., & Noguchi, T. (2016). Evaluation of bond properties of reinforced concrete with corroded reinforcement by uniaxial tension testing. International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, 10(S3), 43–52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40069-016-0152-9 .10.1007/s40069-016-0152-9 ↗
27. Koch, G., Varney, J., Thompson, N., Moghissi, O., Gould, M., & Payer, J. (2016). International measures of prevention, application, and economics of corrosion technologies study (p. 77084). Houston, TX: NACE International IMPACT Report.
28. Kondo, Y. (1989). Prediction of fatigue crack initiation life based on pit growth. Corrosion, 45, 7–11.10.5006/1.3577891 ↗
29. Marquez-Peñaranda, J. F., Sanchez-Silva, M., Husserl, J., & Bastidas-Arteaga, E. (2016). Effects of biodeterioration on the mechanical properties of concrete. Materials and Structures, 49(10), 4085–4099. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-015-0774-4 .10.1617/s11527-015-0774-4 ↗
30. Masoud, S., Soudki, K., & Topper, T. (2005). Postrepair fatigue performance of FRP-repaired corroded RC beams: Experimental and analytical investigation. Journal of Composites for Construction, 9(5), 441–449. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0268(2005)9:5(441) .10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2005)9:5(441) ↗
31. McGee, R. (2000). Modelling of durability performance of Tasmanian bridges. In R. E. Melchers & M. G. Stewart (Eds.), Applications of statistics and probability in civil engineering (pp. 297–306). Rotterdam: Balkema.
32. Morga, M., & Marano, G. C. (2015). Chloride penetration in circular concrete columns. International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, 9(2), 173–183. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40069-014-0095-y .10.1007/s40069-014-0095-y ↗
33. Mori, Y., & Ellingwood, B. R. (1995). Reliability-based life prediction of structures degrading due to environment and repeated loading. In M. Lemaire, J. L. Favre, & A. Mébarki (Eds.), Applications of statistics and probability: Civil engineering reliability and risk analysis (pp. 971–976). Paris: Balkema.
34. Moss, R. H. R. H., Edmonds, J. A. J. A., Hibbard, K. A. K. A., Manning, M. R., Rose, S. K. S. K., van Vuuren, D. P. D. P., et al. (2010). The next generation of scenarios for climate change research and assessment. Nature, 463(7282), 747–756. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08823 .10.1038/nature08823 ↗
35. Murakami, Y., & Nisitani, H. (1975). Stress intensity factor for circumferentially cracked round bar in tension. Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 41, 360–369.10.1299/kikai1938.41.360 ↗
36. Nguyen, P.-T., Bastidas-Arteaga, E., Amiri, O., & El Soueidy, C.-P. (2017). An efficient chloride ingress model for long-term lifetime assessment of reinforced concrete structures under realistic climate and exposure conditions. International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, 11(2), 199–213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40069-017-0185-8 .10.1007/s40069-017-0185-8 ↗
37. Pritzl, M. D., Tabatabai, H., & Ghorbanpoor, A. (2014). Laboratory evaluation of select methods of corrosion prevention in reinforced concrete bridges. International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, 8(3), 201–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40069-014-0074-3 .10.1007/s40069-014-0074-3 ↗
38. Radlińska, A., McCarthy, L. M., Matzke, J., & Nagel, F. (2014). Synthesis of DOT use of beam end protection for extending the life of bridges. International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, 8(3), 185–199. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40069-014-0077-0 .10.1007/s40069-014-0077-0 ↗
39. Rajasankar, J., & Iyer, N. R. (2006). A probability-based model for growth of corrosion pits in aluminum alloys. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 73, 553–570.10.1016/j.engfracmech.2005.10.001 ↗
40. Saetta, A., Scotta, R., & Vitaliani, R. (1993). Analysis of chloride diffusion into partially saturated concrete. ACI Materials Journal, 90(5), 441–451.
41. Salah el Din, A., & Lovegrove, J. M. (1982). Fatigue of cold worked ribbed reinforcing bar—A fracture mechanics approach. International Journal of Fatigue, 4, 15–26.10.1016/0142-1123(82)90016-0 ↗
42. Sánchez-Silva, M., & Klutke, G.-A. (2016). Reliability and life-cycle analysis of deteriorating systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20946-3 .10.1007/978-3-319-20946-3 ↗
43. Song, L., & Yu, Z. (2015). Fatigue flexural behaviour of corroded RC beams strengthened with CFRP sheets. IJEMS Vol. 22(1) [February 2015].
44. Stewart, M. G., Wang, X., & Nguyen, M. N. (2011). Climate change impact and risks of concrete infrastructure deterioration. Engineering Structures, 33(4), 1326–1337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.01.010 .10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.01.010 ↗
45. Vu, K. A. T., & Stewart, M. G. (2000). Structural reliability of concrete bridges including improved chloride-induced corrosion. Structural Safety, 22, 313–333.10.1016/S0167-4730(00)00018-7 ↗
46. Wang, X. H., Bastidas-Arteaga, E., & Gao, Y. (2018). Probabilistic analysis of chloride penetration in reinforced concrete subjected to pre-exposure static and fatigue loading and wetting-drying cycles. Engineering Failure Analysis, 84, 205–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2017.11.00810.1016/j.engfailanal.2017.11.008 ↗
47. Xi, Y., Bažant, Z., & Jennings, H. (1994). Moisture diffusion in cementitious materials—Adsorption isotherms. Advanced Cement Based Materials, 1(6), 248–257.10.1016/1065-7355(94)90033-7 ↗