journal article·2022-12Open access

An Overview: The Application of Vibration-Based Techniques in Bridge Structural Health Monitoring

Siti Shahirah Saidin, Adiza Jamadin, Sakhiah Abdul Kudus, Norliyati Mohd Amin, Muhamad Azhan Anuar

Abstract

Abstract Structural health monitoring (SHM) systems have been developed to evaluate structural responses to extreme events such as natural and man-made hazards. Additionally, the increasing volume of users and vehicle sizes can lead to the sudden damage and collapse of bridge structures. Hence, structural monitoring and dynamic characteristic analyses of bridge structures are critical and fundamental requirements for bridge safety. SHM can overcome the weaknesses of visual inspection practices, such as lack of resolution. However, because of computational limitations and the lack of data analysis methods, substantial quantities of SHM data have been poorly interpreted. In this paper, the SHM of bridges based on dynamic characteristics is used to assess the "health state" of bridge structures. A comprehensive SHM system using vibration-based techniques and modal identification for bridge structures are well defined. Some advanced concepts and applications regarding bridge safety evaluation methods, including damage detection and load-carrying capacity, are reviewed. For the first time, the pros and cons of each vibration technique are comprehensively evaluated, providing an advantage to the authority or structural owner when developing a bridge management database. This information can then be used for continuous structural monitoring to access and predict the bridge structure condition.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Structural Health Monitoring Techniques · Concrete Corrosion and Durability · Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (81)

Show source-provided references
1. Ahmad, S. (2003). Reinforcement corrosion in concrete structures, its monitoring and service life prediction—A review. Cement and Concrete Composites. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(02)00086-010.1016/S0958-9465(02)00086-0 ↗
2. Aktan, E., Chase, S., Inman, D., & Pines, D. (2001). Monitoring and Managing the Health of Infrastructure Systems And an NSF-Supported Workshop on Health Monitoring of Long-Span Bridges. Proceedings of the 2001 SPIE Conference on Health Monitoring of Highway Transportation Infrastructure.
3. Alamdari, M. M., Rakotoarivelo, T., & Khoa, N. L. D. (2017). A spectral-based clustering for structural health monitoring of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 87, 384–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2016.10.03310.1016/j.ymssp.2016.10.033 ↗
4. Ali, A., Sandhu, T., & Usman, M. (2019). Ambient vibration testing of a pedestrian bridge using low-cost accelerometers for SHM Applications. Smart Cities, 2(1), 20–30. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities201000210.3390/smartcities2010002 ↗
5. Altunişik, A. C., Bayraktar, A., & Sevim, B. (2012). Operational modal analysis of a scaled bridge model using EFDD and SSI methods. Indian Journal of Engineering and Materials Science, 19(5), 320–330.
6. Aulakh, D., & S., & Bhalla, S.,. (2021). 3D torsional experimental strain modal analysis for structural health monitoring using piezoelectric sensors. Measurement. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2021.10947610.1016/j.measurement.2021.109476 ↗
7. Bayraktar, A., Altunişik, A. C., Sevim, B., & Türker, T. (2010). Ambient vibration tests of a steel footbridge. Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, 29(1), 14–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10921-009-0061-910.1007/s10921-009-0061-9 ↗
8. Bayraktar, A., Birinci, F., Altunişik, A. C., Türker, T., & Sevim, B. (2009). Finite element model updating of Senyuva historical arch bridge using ambient vibration tests. The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering, 4(4), 177–185. https://doi.org/10.3846/1822-427X.2009.4.177-18510.3846/1822-427X.2009.4.177-185 ↗
9. Bayraktar, A., & Şahin, A. (2014). Forced-vibration testing and experimental modal analysis of a steel footbridge for structural identification. Journal of Testing and Evaluation., 42, 695–712.10.1520/JTE20130166 ↗
10. Bodeux, J., & Golinval, J. (2001). Application of ARMAV models to the identification and damage detection of mechanical and civil engineering structures. Smart Materials and Structures, 10(3), 479.10.1088/0964-1726/10/3/309 ↗
11. Brincker, R., Zhang, L., & P. Andersen. (2000) Modal Identification from Ambient Responses using Frequency Domain Decomposition, IMAC18: Proceedings of the International Modal Analysis Conference, pp. 625–630.
12. Brincker, R., Zhang, L., & P. Andersen. (2001) Damping Estimation by Frequency Domain Decomposition, IMAC 19: A Conference on Structural Dynamics, pp. 698–703.
13. Brownjohn, J. M. W., Hao, H., & Pan, T. C.(2014). Assessment of structural condition of bridges by dynamic measurements Applied Research Report RG5/97,Applied Re, no, p., 2001. http://vibration.ex.ac.uk/doc/10174972.pdf
14. Brownjohn, J. M. W., Magalhaes, F., Caetano, E., & Cunha, A. (2010). Ambient vibration re-testing and operational modal analysis of the Humber Bridge. Engineering Structures, 32(8), 2003–2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.02.03410.1016/j.engstruct.2010.02.034 ↗
15. Brownjohn, J. M. W., Xia, P. Q., Hao, H., & Xia, Y. (2001). Civil structure condition assessment by FE model updating: Methodology and case studies. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 37(10), 761–775. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-874X(00)00071-810.1016/S0168-874X(00)00071-8 ↗
16. Casalegno, C., & Russo, S. (2017). Dynamic Characterization of an All-FRP Bridge. Mechanics of Composite Materials, 53(1), 17–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11029-017-9637-010.1007/s11029-017-9637-0 ↗
17. Chang, C. C., Chang, T. Y. P., & Zhang, Q. W. (2001). Ambient vibration of long-span cable-stayed bridge. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 6(1), 46–53.10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2001)6:1(46) ↗
18. Chen, G. W., Omenzetter, P., & Beskhyroun, S. (2017). Operational modal analysis of an eleven-span concrete bridge subjected to weak ambient excitations. Engineering Structures, 151, 839–860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.08.06610.1016/j.engstruct.2017.08.066 ↗
19. Costa, B. J. A., Magalhães, F., Cunha, Á., & Figueiras, J. (2014). Modal analysis for the rehabilitation assessment of the Luiz I Bridge. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 19(12), 05014006. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.000063210.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0000632 ↗
20. Cunha, A., Caetano, E., Magalhães, F., & Moutinho, C. (2012). Recent perspectives in dynamic testing and monitoring of bridges. Structural Control and Health Monitoring. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc10.1002/stc ↗
21. De Moor, B., Van Overschee, P., & Suykens, J. (1990). Subspace algorithms for system identification and stochastic realization. Electrical Engineering, 3280, 1–12.
22. Dilena, M., & Morassi, A. (2011). Dynamic testing of a damaged bridge. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 25(5), 1485–1507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2010.12.01710.1016/j.ymssp.2010.12.017 ↗
23. EnChen, S., & Petro, S. H. (1999). LASER vibrometer application on bridge cable tension measurements. Advanced Photonic Sensors and Applications, 3897, 511–519. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.36934810.1117/12.369348 ↗
24. Faber, M. H., Val, D. V., & Stewart, M. G. (2000). Proof load testing for bridge assessment and upgrading. Engineering Structures, 22(12), 1677–1689. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(99)00111-X10.1016/S0141-0296(99)00111-X ↗
25. Farrokhifard, M., Hatami, M., & Venkatasubramanian V. (2019) Performance of stochastic subspace identification methods in presence of forced oscillations,” in In: 2019 international conference on smart grid synchronized measurements and analytics (SGSMA), pp. 1–8.
26. Felber, A. J. (1994) Development of a hybrid bridge evaluation system, pp. 1–277.
27. Feng, Y., Kaya, Y., & Ventura, C. (2016). Finite element model updating of portage Creek Bridge. Conf. Proc. Soc. Exp. Mech. Ser., 2, 247–253. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29751-4_2510.1007/978-3-319-29751-4_25 ↗
28. Fukuzono, K. (1986). Investigation of multiple-reference Ibrahim time domain modal parameter estimation technique. University of Cincinnati.
29. Gentile, C., & Saisi, A. (2007). Ambient vibration testing of historic masonry towers for structural identification and damage assessment. Construction and Building Materials, 21(6), 1311–1321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.01.00710.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.01.007 ↗
30. Gentile, C., & Saisi, A. (2011). Ambient vibration testing and condition assessment of the Paderno iron arch bridge (1889). Construction and Building Materials, 25(9), 3709–3720. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.04.01910.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.04.019 ↗
31. Ghalishooyan, M. & Shooshtari, A. (2015) Operational modal analysis techniques and their theoretical and practical aspects: A comprehensive review and introduction, 6th International Operational Modal Analysis Conference, IOMAC 2015.
32. Green, M. F., & Cebon, D.(1993a) Modal testing of two highway bridges. In 11th Int. Modal Analysis, pp. 838–844.
33. Green, M. F., & Cebon, D. (1993b) Modal testing of two highway bridges. Proceedings of the l lth International Modal Analysis Conference, Kissimme, FL, USA. pp. 838–844.
34. Huang, D. (2010). Structure Identification and Load capacity rating of Veteran’s memorial curved steel box girder bridge. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2200(1), 98–107. https://doi.org/10.3141/2200-1210.3141/2200-12 ↗
35. Huth, O., Feltrin, G., Maeck, J., Kilic, N., & Motavalli, M. (2005). Damage identification using modal data: Experiences on a Prestressed Concrete Bridge. Journal of the Structural Engineering. American Society of Civil Engineers, 131(12), 1898–1910. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2005)131:12(1898)10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2005)131:12(1898) ↗
36. Jacobsen N. J., Andersen P., and Brincker R. (2006) Using enhanced frequency domain decomposition as a robust technique to harmonic excitation in operational modal analysis, Proc. ISMA2006 Int. Conf. Noise Vib. Eng., vol. 6, pp. 3129–3140.
37. James, I. G., Carne, T., & Lauffer, J. (1995). The Natural Excitation Technique (NExT) for modal parameter extraction from operating structures. The International Journal of Analytical and Experimental Modal Analysis, 10(4), 260–277.
38. Jeary, A. P., & Sparks, P. R. (1977). Some observations on the sway characteristics of concrete structures. Vibratorational Concrete Strucure, 60, 155.
39. Ji, Y. F., & Zhang, Q. W. (2012). A novel image-based approach for structural displacement measurement. In F. Biondini & D. Frangopol (Eds.), Bridge maintenance, safety, management, resilience and sustainability: Proceedings of the Sixth International IABMAS Conference, Stresa, Lake Maggiore, Italy, 8-12 July 2012 (pp. 407–414). Boca Raton: CRC Press.10.1201/b12352-52 ↗
40. Jo, H., Sim, S.-H., Tatkowski, A., Spencer, B. F., Jr., & Nelson, M. E. (2013). Feasibility of displacement monitoring using low-cost GPS receivers Hongki. Structural Control and Health Monitoring., 20, 1240.10.1002/stc.1532 ↗
41. Juang, J.-N., & Pappa, R. (1985). An eigensystem realization algorithm for modal parameter identification and model reduction. Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, 8(5), 620–627.10.2514/3.20031 ↗
42. Kafle, B., et al. (2017). Monitoring the dynamic behaviour of the Merlynston. International Journal of Applied Mechanics. https://doi.org/10.1142/S175882511750003X10.1142/S175882511750003X ↗
43. Kato, M., & Shimada, S. (1986). Vibration of PC bridge during failure process. Journal of Structural Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1986)112:7(1692)10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1986)112:7(1692) ↗
44. Kilikevičius, A., et al. (2018). Field testing and dynamic analysis of old continuous truss steel bridge. The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering, 13(1), 54–66. https://doi.org/10.3846/bjrbe.2018.39410.3846/bjrbe.2018.394 ↗
45. Kung S., (1978) A new identification and model reduction algorithm via singular value decomposition.
46. Lee, J., Lee, K. C., Cho, S., & Sim, S. H. (2017). Computer vision-based structural displacement measurement robust to light-induced image degradation for in-service bridges. Sensors (switzerland), 17(10), 2317. https://doi.org/10.3390/s1710231710.3390/s17102317 ↗
47. Lennart, L. (1999) System identification: theory for the user, PTR Prentice Hall, Up. Saddle River, pp. 1–14,.
48. Lu, Z., Li, G., & Jiang, W. (2012). Analysis of dynamic performance testing of Bridge based on finite element and dynamic load test. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 178–181, 2323–2328. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.178-181.232310.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.178-181.2323 ↗
49. Magalhães, F., Cunha, Á., & Caetano, E. (2008). Dynamic monitoring of a long span arch bridge. Engineering Structures, 30(11), 3034–3044. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.04.02010.1016/j.engstruct.2008.04.020 ↗
50. Magalhães, F., Cunha, A., & Caetano, E. (2012a). Vibration based structural health monitoring of an arch bridge: From automated OMA to damage detection. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 28, 212–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2011.06.01110.1016/j.ymssp.2011.06.011 ↗
51. Magalhães, F., Caetano, E., Cunha, Á., Flamand, O., & Grillaud, G. (2012b). Ambient and free vibration tests of the Millau Viaduct: Evaluation of alternative processing strategies. Engineering Structures, 45, 372–384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.06.03810.1016/j.engstruct.2012.06.038 ↗
52. Maguire, J. R., & Severn, R. T. (1987). Assessing the dynamic properties of prototype structures by Hammer Testing. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, 83(pt 2), 769–784. https://doi.org/10.1680/iicep.1987.20010.1680/iicep.1987.200 ↗
53. Materazzi, A. L., & Ubertini, F. (2011). Eigenproperties of suspension bridges with damage. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 330(26), 6420–6434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2011.08.00710.1016/j.jsv.2011.08.007 ↗
54. Mousavi, A., Zhang, C., Masri, S., & Gholipour, G. (2021). Damage detection and characterization of a scaled model steel truss bridge using combined complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise and multiple signal classification approach. Structural Health Monitoring. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921721104590110.1177/14759217211045901 ↗
55. Ni, Y. Q., Zhou, H. F., Chan, K. C., & Ko, J. M. (2008). Modal flexibility analysis of cable-stayed Ting Kau bridge for damage identification. Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, 23(3), 223–236. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8667.2008.00521.x10.1111/j.1467-8667.2008.00521.x ↗
56. Nishimura, S., Kimoto, K., Kusuhara, S., Kawabata, S., Abe, A., & Okazawa, T. (2012). Development of a hybrid camera system for bridge inspection. In F. Biondini & D. Frangopol (Eds.), Bridge maintenance, safety, management, resilience and sustainability: Proceedings of the Sixth International IABMAS Conference, Stresa, Lake Maggiore, Italy, 8-12 July 2012 (pp. 2197–2203). Boca Raton: CRC Press.10.1201/b12352-328 ↗
57. Overshee, P. V., & Moor, B. D. (2012). Subspace identification for linear systems: Theory—implementation—applications. Springer.
58. Pardi, L., & Thogersen, F., (2002). Smart Structures: A European Funded Project. In First International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management (CD-ROM), IABMAS, Barcelona, Span. pp. 14–17.
59. Peeters, B., & De Roeck, G. (1999). Reference-based stochastic subspace identification for output-only modal analysis. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 13(6), 855–878. https://doi.org/10.1006/mssp.1999.124910.1006/mssp.1999.1249 ↗
60. Peeters, B., De Roeck, G., Hermans, L., Wauters, T., Krämer, C., & De Smet, C. (1998). Comparison of system identification methods using operational data of a bridge test, Proceedings of the 23rd Int International Modal Analysis Conference Noise Vib. Eng. ISMA. pp. 861–868.
61. Petsounis, K. A., & Fassois, S. D. (2001). Parametric time-domain methods for the identification of vibrating structures-a critical comparison and assessment. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 15(6), 1031–1060. https://doi.org/10.1006/mssp.2001.142410.1006/mssp.2001.1424 ↗
62. Prevosto, M. (1982). Algorithmes d’identification des caractéristiques vibratoires de structures mécaniques complexes. University de Rennes I.
63. Rainieri C. and Fabbrocino G. (2008) Operational Modal Analysis: overview and applications,” Strateg. Reduct. Seism. risk, pp. 29–44.
64. Reynders, E., Maes, K., Lombaert, G., & De Roeck, G. (2016). Uncertainty quantification in operational modal analysis with stochastic subspace identification: Validation and applications. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 66–67, 13–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2015.04.01810.1016/j.ymssp.2015.04.018 ↗
65. Sakai J. and Unjoh S. (2007) Quick earthquake damage detection system fo.r bridges by Junichi Sakai 1 and Shigeki Unjoh 210.1201/9781439828441.ch19 ↗
66. Soyoz, S., & Feng, M. Q. (2008). Instantaneous damage detection of bridge structures and experimental verification. Struct. Control Heal. Monit., 15(7), 958–973. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc10.1002/stc ↗
67. Soyoz, S., & Feng, M. Q. (2009). Long-term monitoring and identification of bridge structural parameters. Comput. Civ. Infrastruct. Eng., 24(2), 82–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8667.2008.00572.x10.1111/j.1467-8667.2008.00572.x ↗
68. Stewart, M. G., & Mullard, J. A. (2007). Spatial time-dependent reliability analysis of corrosion damage and the timing of first repair for RC structures. Engineering Structures, 29(7), 1457–1464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.09.00410.1016/j.engstruct.2006.09.004 ↗
69. Sulaiman, M. S. A., Yunus, M. A., Bahari, A. R., & Abdul Rani, M. N. (2016). Identification of damage based on frequency response function (FRF) data. MATEC Web Conf. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/2017900102510.1051/matecconf/20179001025 ↗
70. Sun, L., Sun, Z., Dan, D., Zhang, Q., & Huang, H. (2009). Researches and implementations of structural health monitoring systems for long span bridges in China. Structure Engineering, 26(1), 15–29. https://doi.org/10.2208/jsceseee.26.13s10.2208/jsceseee.26.13s ↗
71. Sun, M., Makki Alamdari, M., & Kalhori, H. (2017). Automated operational modal analysis of a cable-Stayed Bridge. Journal of Bridge Engineering., 22(12), 05017012. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.000114110.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0001141 ↗
72. Suo, Q., & Stewart, M. G. (2009). Corrosion cracking prediction updating of deteriorating RC structures using inspection information. Reliability Engineering and System Safety, 94(8), 1340–1348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2009.02.01110.1016/j.ress.2009.02.011 ↗
73. Ventura, C. E. (2001) Aalborg Universitet Damping Estimation by Frequency Domain Decomposition Brincker, Rune; Ventura, C. E.; Andersen, P.
74. Vold, H., Kundrat, J., Rocklin, G., & Russell, R. (1982). A multi-input modal estimation algorithm for mini-computers. SAE Transactions, 91(1), 815–821.
75. Wang, T., Celik, O., Catbas, F. N., & Zhang, L. M. (2016). A frequency and spatial domain decomposition method for operational strain modal analysis and its application. Engineering Structures, 114, 104–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.02.01110.1016/j.engstruct.2016.02.011 ↗
76. Whelan, M. J., Gangone, M. V., Janoyan, K. D., & Jha, R. (2009). Real-time wireless vibration monitoring for operational modal analysis of an integral abutment highway bridge. Engineering Structures, 31(10), 2224–2235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.03.02210.1016/j.engstruct.2009.03.022 ↗
77. Wong, K. Y. (2004). Instrumentation and health monitoring of cable-supported bridges. Structural Control and Health Monitoring, 11(2), 91–124. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.3310.1002/stc.33 ↗
78. Xia, P.-Q., & Brownjohn, J. M. W. (2004). Bridge structural condition assessment using systematically validated finite-element model. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 9(5), 418–423. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1084-0702(2004)9:5(418)10.1061/(asce)1084-0702(2004)9:5(418) ↗
79. Xu, G., Chen, L., & Gao, X. (2014). Some key issues and challenges of building the structural health monitoring system of bridges. Key Engineering Materials, 619, 91–98. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.619.9110.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.619.91 ↗
80. Yuefei, L., Dagang, L., & Xueping, F. (2014). Reliability updating and prediction of bridge structures based on proof loads and monitored data. Construction and Building Materials, 66, 795–804. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.06.02510.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.06.025 ↗
81. Zwolski, J., & Bień, J. (2011). Modal analysis of bridge structures by means of Forced Vibration Tests. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 17(4), 590–599. https://doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2011.63248910.3846/13923730.2011.632489 ↗