An Anchorage Technique for Shear Strengthening of RC T-Beams Using NSM-BFRP Bars and BFRP Sheet
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract This study presents a detailed experimental program for reinforced concrete T-beams strengthened in shear with near-surface mounted (NSM) basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars. This paper aims to introduce and evaluate a nonmechanical anchorage technique for shear strengthening using NSM-BFRP bars. T-beams were strengthened using manually manufactured closed or U-shaped hybrid BFRP stirrups (BFRP bars and BFRP sheets). The experimental program was developed to study the effects of these anchorage techniques. The results showed that the shear capacity increased by 8%–46% for beams strengthened with NSM-BFRP bars without anchorage. However, the presence of the proposed anchorage system increased the shear capacity of the strengthened beams by 39.6%–81.6%. Moreover, the maximum strains induced in the BFRP bars ranged from 27 to 59% of their ultimate strains according to the spacing between the NSM and the presence of the anchorage. The proposed anchorage technique prevented the premature debonding of the NSM-BFRP bars.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete · Innovative concrete reinforcement materials · Structural Load-Bearing Analysis
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (36)
Show source-provided references
1. American Concrete Institute (2004). Guide test methods for fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) for reinforcing or strengthening concrete structures. ACI 440.3R-04, Farmington Hills, MI.
2. American Concrete Institute (2015). Guide for the design and construction of structural concrete reinforced with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) bars. ACI 440.1R-15, Farmington Hills, MI.
3. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) (1997). Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products. ASTM A370-97a, West Conshohocken, PA.
4. Anwarul, A. K. M. (2009). Effective methods of using CFRP bars in shear strengthening of concrete girders. Engineering Structures,31(3), 709–714.10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.11.016 ↗
5. Barros, J. A. O., & Dias, S. J. E. (2006). Near surface mounted CFRP laminates for shear strengthening of concrete beams. Cement and Concrete Composites,28(3), 276–292.10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2005.11.003 ↗
6. Bianco, V., Barros, J. A. O., & Monti, G. (2009). Three dimensional mechanical model for simulating the NSM FRP strips shear strength contribution to RC beams. Engineering Structures,31(4), 815–826.10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.12.017 ↗
7. Bilotta, A., Ceroni, F., Nigro, E., & Pecce, M. (2015). Efficiency of CFRP NSM strips and EBR plates for flexural strengthening of RC beams and loading pattern influence. Composite Structures,124, 163–175.10.1016/j.compstruct.2014.12.046 ↗
8. Chen, W., Pham, T., Sichembe, H., Chen, L., & Hao, H. (2018). Experimental study of flexural behaviour of RC beams strengthened by longitudinal and U-shaped basalt FRP sheet. Composite Part B,134, 114–126.10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.09.053 ↗
9. Chen, G. M., Teng, J. G., & Chen, J. F. (2013). Shear strength model for FRP-strengthened RC beams with adverse FRP-steel interaction. Journal of Composites for Construction,17(1), 50–66.10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000313 ↗
10. De Lorenzis, L., & Nanni, A. (2001). Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams with NSM fiber-reinforced polymer rods. Structural Journal,98(1), 60–68.
11. Diab HM, Wu Z (2009). Bond Behaviour of Different FRP Sheets. In: Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium of the Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Reinforced Concrete Structures (FRPRCS-9), Sydney, Australia.
12. Diab, H. M., Wu, Z., & Iwashita, K. (2009). Short and long-term bond performance of prestressed FRP sheet anchorages. Engineering Structures,31(5), 1241–1249.10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.01.021 ↗
13. Dias, S. J. E., & Barros, J. A. O. (2010). Performance of reinforced concrete T beams strengthened in shear with NSM CFRP laminates. Engineering Structures,32(2), 373–384.10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.10.001 ↗
14. Dias, S. J. E., & Barros, J. A. O. (2011). Shear strengthening of RC T-section beams with low strength concrete using NSM CFRP laminates. Cement and Concrete Composites,33(2), 334–345.10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.10.002 ↗
15. Egyptian Code of Practice (2007). Design and Construction for Reinforced Concrete Structures. ECP 203-2007, Research Center for Housing, Building and Physical Planning, Cairo, Egypt.
16. Elmahdy, A., & Verleysen, P. (2020). Mechanical behavior of basalt and glass textile composites at high strain rates: A comparison. Polymer Testing,81, 106224.10.1016/j.polymertesting.2019.106224 ↗
17. Jalali, M., Sharbatdar, M. K., Jian-Fei, Chen, & Alaee, F. J. (2012). Shear strengthening of RC beams using innovative manually made NSM FRP bars. Construction and Building Materials,36, 990–1000.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.06.068 ↗
18. Kalfat, R., Al-Mahaidi, R., & Smith, S. T. (2013). Anchorage devices used to improve the performance of reinforced concrete beams retrofitted with FRP composites: State-of-the art review. Journal of Composites for Construction,17(1), 14–33.10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000276 ↗
19. Kemapoxy 165. Non-Shrink Epoxy adhesive Mortar and Grouting Compound and for fixing steel bars into concrete under water. http://cmbegypt.com/cmb/en/wp-content/pdf/Chemical_construction/06_construction_repair_strengthening/5.kemapoxy%20165/kemapoxy%20165.pdf
20. Koutas, L., & Triantafillou, T. C. (2013). Use of anchors in shear strengthening of reinforced concrete T-beams with FRP. Journal of Composites for Construction,17(1), 101–107.10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000316 ↗
21. Lebedev, M. P., Startsev, O. V., & Kychkin, A. K. (2020). The effects of aggressive environments on the mechanical properties of basalt plastics. Heliyon,6(3), e03481.10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03481 ↗
22. Mofidi, A., Chaallal, O., Benmokrane, B., & Neale, K. W. (2012). Experimental tests and design model for RC beams strengthened in shear using the embedded through-section FRP method. Journal of Composites for Construction,16(5), 540–550.10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000292 ↗
23. Mofidi, A., Chaallal, O., Cheng, L., & Shao, Y. (2016). Investigation of near surface–mounted method for shear rehabilitation of reinforced concrete beams using fiber reinforced–polymer composites. Journal of Composites for Construction,20(2), 1–14.10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000612 ↗
24. Rahal, K. N., & Rumaih, H. A. (2011). Tests on reinforced concrete beams strengthened in shear using near surface mounted CFRP and steel bars. Engineering Structures,33(1), 53–62.10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.09.017 ↗
25. Rizzo, A., & De Lorenzis, L. (2009). Behavior and capacity of RC beams strengthened in shear with NSM FRP reinforcement. Construction and Building Materials,23, 1555–1567.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.08.014 ↗
26. Sharbatdar, M. K., & Jaberi, M. (2018). Flexural and shear strengthening of RC beams with NSM technique and manually made CFRP bars. Scientia Iranica,25(4), 2012–2025.
27. Shekarchi, A., Ghannoum, W. M., & James, J. W. (2018). Use of anchored carbon fiber-reinforced polymer strips for shear strengthening of large girders. ACI Structural Journal,115(1), 281–291.10.14359/51701092 ↗
28. Sikadur®-330. Product Data sheet-adhesive for bonding reinforcement. https://egy.sika.com/dms/getdocument.get/b5ed2585-b802-3ef0-8825-c669aa8542e3/Sikadur_330.pdf
29. Sim, J., Park, C., & Moon, D. Y. (2005). Characteristics of basalt fiber as a strengthening material for concrete structures. Composites Part B: Engineering,36, 504–512.10.1016/j.compositesb.2005.02.002 ↗
30. Sundarraja, M. C., & Rajamohan, S. (2009). Strengthening of RC beams in shear using GFRP inclined strips—an experimental study. Construction and Building Materials,23, 856–864.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.04.008 ↗
31. Shanxi Basalt Fiber Technology Co., Ltd http://www.sxcbf.com/en/sjxmmore.asp?c_id=48&hiden=39
32. Sikadur®-30. Product Data sheet-adhesive for bonding reinforcement. https://egy.sika.com/dms/getdocument.get/a470020f-8c78-314e-89f1-3862b8560f7f/Sikadur%20-30.pdf
33. Wang, X., Shi, J., Liu, J., Yang, L., & Wu, Z. (2014). Creep behavior of basalt fiber reinforced polymer tendons for prestressing application. Materials and Design,59, 558–564.10.1016/j.matdes.2014.03.009 ↗
34. Wang, Z., Zhao, X. L., Xian, G., Wu, G., Raman, R. S., Al-Saadi, S., et al. (2017). Long-term durability of basalt- and glass-fibre reinforced polymer (BFRP/GFRP) bars in seawater and sea sand concrete environment. Construction and Building Materials,139, 467–489.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.02.038 ↗
35. Wiwatrojanagul, P., Ayudhya, B. I. N., & Sahamitmongkol, R. (2012). NSM FRP shear strengthening of RC beams with internal stirrups. Thammasat International Journal Science Technology,17(1), 16–30.
36. Wu, Z. S., Wang, X., Iwashita, K., Sasaki, T., & Hamaguchi, Y. (2010). Tensile fatigue behaviour of FRP and hybrid FRP sheets. Composites Part B Engineering,41, 396–402.10.1016/j.compositesb.2010.02.001 ↗