Evaluation of Anti-Obesity Activity of an Herbal Formulation (F2) in DIO Mice Model and Validation of UPLC-DAD Method for Quality Control
Source abstract
Abstract
Obesity is considered a chronic metabolic disorder that can be associated with multiple medical complications. Currently, there is no or limited curative therapy for obesity. This study focused on the assessment of anti-obesity activity and UPLC standardization of a polyherbal formulation (F2). An anti-obesity activity was investigated using the diet-induced obese (DIO) mice model, where obesity was developed in C57BL/6J mice by providing a high-fat diet (HFD) for five weeks without treating drugs. After the successful development of obesity, the obese mice were treated with F2 for seven weeks with continuing HFD feeding. The major obesity-related parameters such as body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, serum lipid profile, and white adipose tissue (WAT) mass were found to be significantly reduced in F2 treated obese mice. These results were supported by the down-regulation of specific adipogenic transcription factors (PPARγ, SREBP-1c, and ap2) in epididymal WAT. Histological evaluation of liver and WAT also revealed reduced fat deposition in the tissues by F2 compared to the HFD control group. The overall observations indicated that the F2 exhibited pronounced obesity-controlling activity through the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation and triglyceride accumulation in the tissues, and serum lipid depletion. In addition, F2 ameliorated obesity-induced insulin resistance. Furthermore, the UPLC-DAD method for quality control of F2 was validated and standardized using five reference compounds: astragalin, ellagic acid, fisetin, fustin, and sulfuretin.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment · Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases · Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea
Department of Biodiversity and Bioresources, Satvik Nepal, Dadakonak-27, Pokhara 33700, Nepal
Funding
Wonkwang University
References (51)
Show source-provided references
1. Clinical encounters about obesity: Systematic review of patients’ perspectives10.1111/cob.12347 ↗
2. Dyslipidemia in obesity: Mechanisms and potential targets10.3390/nu5041218 ↗
3. Involvement of protein tyrosine phosphatases in adipogenesis: New anti-obesity targets?10.5483/BMBRep.2012.45.12.235 ↗
4. Adipocyte differentiation: From fibroblast to endocrine cell10.1177/153537020122601106 ↗
5. Adipogenesis10.1101/cshperspect.a008417 ↗
6. Cross-regulation of C/EBPα and PPARγ controls the transcriptional pathway of adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80306-8 ↗
7. Adipogenesis as a potential anti-obesity target: A review of pharmacological treatment and natural products10.2147/DMSO.S281186 ↗
8. Deletion of PPARγ in adipose tissues of mice protects against high fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance10.1073/pnas.0306743102 ↗
9. Preclinical models for obesity research10.1242/dmm.026443 ↗
10. Laboratory animals as surrogate models of human obesity10.1038/aps.2011.203 ↗
11. A mouse model of diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance10.1007/978-1-61779-430-8_27 ↗
12. Current and future treatment of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents10.2337/diaspect.18.4.220 ↗
13. Anti-obesity drugs: A review about their effects and safety10.4093/dmj.2012.36.1.13 ↗
14. A natural solution for obesity: Bioactives for the prevention and treatment of weight gain. A review10.1179/1476830513Y.0000000099 ↗
15. Possible anti-obesity therapeutics from nature-review10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.07.011 ↗
16. Polyherbal formulation: Concept of ayurveda10.4103/0973-7847.134229 ↗
17. A review on therapeutic potential of polyherbal formulations
18. WHO (2019). WHO Global Report on Traditional and Complementary Medicine 2019, World Health Organization.
19. Verification of the formulation and efficacy of Danggui Buxue Tang (a decoction of Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis): An exemplifying systematic approach to revealing the complexity of Chinese herbal medicine formulae10.1186/1749-8546-2-12 ↗
20. Herbal products: Active constituents, modes of action and quality control10.1079/095442200108729007 ↗
21. Quantitative assessment of traditional oriental herbal formulation Samhwangsasim-tang using UPLC technique10.1093/chromsci/bmt008 ↗
22. Efficacy of a Novel Herbal Formulation (F2) on the Management of Obesity: In Vitro and In Vivo Study10.1155/2021/8854915 ↗
23. Development of UPLC fingerprint with multi-component quantitative analysis for quality consistency evaluation of herbal medicine “Hyangsapyeongwisan”10.1093/chromsci/bmv182 ↗
24. Kim, D.H., Park, Y.H., Lee, J.S., Jeong, H.I., Lee, K.W., and Kang, T.H. (2020). Anti-Obesity Effect of DKB-117 through the Inhibition of Pancreatic Lipase and α-Amylase Activity. Nutrients, 12.10.3390/nu12103053 ↗
25. Current approaches for assessing insulin sensitivity and resistance in vivo: Advantages, limitations, and appropriate usage10.1152/ajpendo.00645.2007 ↗
26. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2−∆∆CT method10.1006/meth.2001.1262 ↗
27. Efficacy and tolerability of a novel herbal formulation for weight management in obese subjects: A randomized double blind placebo controlled clinical study10.1186/1476-511X-11-122 ↗
28. High-fat diet-induced obesity in animal models10.1017/S0954422410000168 ↗
29. Variation in type 2 diabetes-related traits in mouse strains susceptible to diet-induced obesity10.2337/diabetes.52.8.1958 ↗
30. Diet-induced type II diabetes in C57BL/6J mice10.2337/diab.37.9.1163 ↗
31. Animal models-etiologic classifcation
32. Improved growth performance, food efficiency, and lysine availability in growing rats fed with lysine-biofortified rice
33. Dietary obesity in nine inbred mouse strains10.1152/ajpregu.1992.262.6.R1025 ↗
34. Anti-obesity effect of Yangkyuksanwha-tang in high-fat diet-induced obese mice10.1186/s12906-018-2420-5 ↗
35. Lee, Y.-S., Kim, S.-H., Yuk, H.J., Lee, G.-J., and Kim, D.-S. (2018). Tetragonia tetragonoides (Pall.) Kuntze (New Zealand Spinach) prevents obesity and hyperuricemia in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Nutrients, 10.10.3390/nu10081087 ↗
36. Intestinal absorption of fats10.1016/S0022-2275(20)40178-6 ↗
37. Dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity: An assessment in three general populations10.1016/S0895-4356(99)00184-5 ↗
38. Prevalence and risk factors associated with dyslipidemia in Chongqing, China10.3390/ijerph121013455 ↗
39. Anti-obesity effects of Geranium thunbergii extract via improvement of lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-induced obese mice
40. Hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects of Orostachys japonicus A. Berger extracts in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats10.4162/nrp.2011.5.4.301 ↗
41. Anti-obesitic effect of Orostachys japonicus in rats model fed a hyperlipidemic diet
42. Free fatty acids, not triglycerides, are associated with non-alcoholic liver injury progression in high fat diet induced obese rats10.1186/s12944-016-0194-7 ↗
43. Pandeya, P.R., Lamichhane, R., Lee, K.-H., Kim, S.-G., Lee, D.-H., Lee, H.-K., and Jung, H.-J. (2019). Bioassay-guided isolation of active anti-adipogenic compound from royal jelly and the study of possible mechanisms. BMC Complement. Altern. Med., 19.10.1186/s12906-018-2423-2 ↗
44. White adipose tissue as endocrine organ and its role in obesity10.1016/j.arcmed.2008.09.005 ↗
45. Insulin and insulin resistance
46. The selective control of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and glycogenesis by temporal insulin patterns10.1038/msb.2013.19 ↗
47. Relationship of dietary fat to glucose metabolism10.1016/S0021-9150(99)00504-3 ↗
48. Increasing the fat-to-carbohydrate ratio in a high-fat diet prevents the development of obesity but not a prediabetic state in rats10.1042/CS20070182 ↗
49. Animal Models of Nutritional Induction of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus10.4067/S0717-95022014000100046 ↗
50. Liu, Z., Patil, I.Y., Jiang, T., Sancheti, H., Walsh, J.P., Stiles, B.L., Yin, F., and Cadenas, E. (2015). High-fat diet induces hepatic insulin resistance and impairment of synaptic plasticity. PLoS ONE, 10.10.1371/journal.pone.0128274 ↗
51. Chronic exposure to a high-fat diet induces hepatic steatosis, impairs nitric oxide bioavailability, and modifies the mitochondrial proteome in mice10.1089/ars.2010.3395 ↗