A Robust Brain MRI Segmentation and Bias Field Correction Method Integrating Local Contextual Information into a Clustering Model

The segmentation results of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have important guiding significance for subsequent clinical diagnosis and treatment. However, brain MRI segmentation is a complex and challenging problem due to the inevitable noise or intensity inhomogeneity. A novel robust clustering with local contextual information (RC_LCI) model was used in this study which accurately segmented brain MRI corrupted by noise and intensity inhomogeneity. For pixels in the neighborhood of the central pixel, a weighting scheme combining local contextual information was used to generate the corresponding anisotropic weight to update the current central pixel and thus remove noisy pixels. Then, a multiplicative framework consisting of the product of a real image and a bias field could effectively segment brain MRI and estimate the bias field. Further, a linear combination of basis functions was introduced to guarantee the bias field properties. Therefore, compared with state-of-the-art models, the segmentation result obtained by RC_LCI was increased by 0.195 ± 0.125 in terms of the Jaccard similarity coefficient. Both visual experimental results and quantitative evaluation demonstrate the superiority of RC_LCI on real and synthetic images.