journal article·2024-05-09Open access

Thermal Environment Monitoring and Model Development of an Enclosed Vertical-Type Composting Facility

Hyo-Jae Seo, Dong-Hyun Lee, Il-Hwan Seo

Applied Sciences· Volume 14· Issue 10

Abstract

This study focused on the development of a scaled-down model for an enclosed vertical-type composting facility designed to efficiently manage space and odors. Through thermal environment monitoring, we observed that the temperature rose to 67 °C on the first day of composting and gradually decreased to 28.9 °C as the composting progressed. Temperature variations based on height were analyzed by dividing the facility into layers. The validation of the model was conducted by comparing actual measurements with model data using contour maps, resulting in a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.8, indicating the high reliability of the model. The findings demonstrated the effectiveness of the model in identifying and addressing issues in enclosed vertical-type composting facilities. Furthermore, it is anticipated that the model, which analyzes thermal environments, can be applied to automated operation systems for enhanced efficiency.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques · Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control · Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Rural Construction Engineering, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea

Division of Animal Environment, National Institute of Animal Sciences, Rural Development of Agriculture, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea

Funding

Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development · Rural Development Administration, the Republic of Korea

References (34)

Show source-provided references
1. (2024, February 29). Territory Area in Korea. Available online: https://kosis.kr.
2. (2024, February 29). Livestock Manure Production and Treatment Status in Korea. Available online: https://me.go.kr.
3. Nutrient variations from swine manure to agricultural land10.5713/ajas.17.0634 ↗
4. Comparative study of static pile composting using natural, forced and passive aeration methods10.1080/1065657X.1997.10701899 ↗
5. Sustainable recycling of livestock wastes by composting and environmentally friendly control of wastewater and odors
6. Challenges and control strategies of odor emission from composting operation10.1007/s12010-021-03490-3 ↗
7. Effect of Dietary Protein Levels on Composition of Odorous Compounds and Bacterial Ecology in Pig Manure10.5713/ajas.15.0078 ↗
8. Wang, L.K., Wang, M.-H.S., Cardenas, R.R., Sabiani, N.H.M., Yusoff, M.S., Hassan, S.H., Kamaruddin, M.A., George, F.O., and Hung, Y.-T. (2022). Composting Processes for Disposal of Municipal and Agricultural Solid Wastes, Springer.10.1007/978-3-030-84180-5_7 ↗
9. (2024, February 29). Local Finances of the Vertical Composting System in Korea. Available online: https://lofin.mois.go.kr.
10. The effect of heat recovery aeration with the exhausted air on the enclosed vertical type composting facility10.5938/youton.55.2_37 ↗
11. A review on mathematical modeling of in-vessel composting process and energy balance10.1007/s13399-020-00883-y ↗
12. Temperature control strategy to enhance the activity of yeast inoculated into compost raw material for accelerated composting10.1016/j.wasman.2017.04.019 ↗
13. Modelling of internal environmental conditions in a full-scale commercial pig house containing animals10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2011.10.012 ↗
14. Assessment of ammonia distribution in a livestock farm using CFD simulations10.1016/j.atech.2023.100376 ↗
15. Park, G., Eom, T., Kwak, H., and Kim, C. (2022). Optimization of Screw Mixer to Improve Drying Performance of Livestock Manure Dryer Using CFD Analysis. Appl. Sci., 12.10.3390/app12062872 ↗
16. Modelling for reactor-style aerobic composting based on coupling theory of mass-heat-momentum transport and Contois equation10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.040 ↗
17. The Distribution of Temperature on Aerobic Composting of Food Waste: Experimental studies and CFD analysis10.1088/1755-1315/1095/1/012032 ↗
18. Airflow field simulation model building and application for aerobic compost using CFD
19. Recovery and utilization of compost heat from an enclosed vertical-type composting facility development of warmed water supply system using compost heat10.1111/asj.13703 ↗
20. Self-heating in a bioreactor: Coupling of heat and mass transfer with turbulent convection10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2011.07.025 ↗
21. Unsteady 3D heat and mass transfer diffusion coupled with turbulent forced convection for compost piles with chemical and biological reactions10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.06.078 ↗
22. Compost convective airflow under passive aeration10.1016/S0960-8524(02)00155-4 ↗
23. Hamelers, H.V.M. (2001). A Mathematical Model for Composting Kinetics, Wageningen University and Research.
24. Turbulent flows
25. Pašić, L., Rodriguez-Mueller, B., Martin-Cuadrado, A.-B., Mira, A., Rohwer, F., and Rodriguez-Valera, F. (2009). Metagenomic islands of hyperhalophiles: The case of Salinibacter ruber. BMC Genom., 10.10.1186/1471-2164-10-570 ↗
26. Bioconversion of rice straw and certain agro-industrial wastes to amendments for organic farming systems: 1. Composting, quality, stability and maturity indices10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.103 ↗
27. In-vessel composting system for converting food and green wastes into pathogen free soil amendment for sustainable agriculture10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.08.034 ↗
28. A non-sampling mixing index for multicomponent mixtures10.1016/j.powtec.2017.07.011 ↗
29. Brinton, W.F. (2000). Compost Quality Standards and Guidelines: An International View, Woods End Research Laboratory Inc.
30. Testing of thermal properties of compost from municipal waste with a view to using it as a renewable, low temperature heat source10.1016/j.biortech.2008.04.053 ↗
31. Mass and thermal balance during composting of a poultry manure—Wood shavings mixture at different aeration rates10.1016/j.procbio.2006.08.005 ↗
32. Comprehensive temperature monitoring in an in-vessel forced-aeration static-bed composting process
33. Optimization of an externally mixed biogas plant using a robust CFD method10.1016/j.compag.2020.105294 ↗
34. Large eddy simulation of mechanical mixing in anaerobic digesters10.1002/bit.24345 ↗