Density of quaternary glasses in the MgO‐CaO‐Al ₂ O ₃ ‐SiO ₂ ‐system—modeling vs measurement

Abstract The densities of quaternary glass‐forming systems within the CaO‐MgO‐Al ₂ O ₃ ‐SiO ₂ ‐composition ( CMAS ) were evaluated. Their compositions differed not more than 5 mol% for each component from each other. After melting, the exact chemical compositions were measured using X‐ray fluorescence and the densities were determined by Archimedes method and pycnometry. This property and its dependency upon small variations in the composition is the main focus of this paper. The density values were between 2.617 and 2.700 g/cm³ and the packing density factors V _p of the oxide glasses using the ionic radii of Pauling ranged from 0.562 to 0.574. The experimentally determined data were compared to different model calculations. Calculations performed according to empirical formulae given in the literature showed relative deviations between −5 and 12% to the experimental values. The effect of MgO was also studied by comparing the glasses with similar compositions (Ceram Int, 2016;42:5810–5822 ) without any MgO.