Prediction of Rock Bursts Based on Microseismic Energy Change: Application of Bayesian Optimization–Long Short-Term Memory Combined Model

The prediction of rock bursts is of paramount importance in ensuring the safety of coal mine production. In order to enhance the precision of rock burst prediction, this paper utilizes a working face of the Gengcun Coal Mine as a case study. The paper employs a three-year microseismic monitoring data set from the working face and employs a sensitivity analysis to identify three monitoring indicators with a higher correlation with rock bursts: daily total energy, daily maximum energy, and daily frequency. Three subsets are created from the 10-day monitoring data: daily frequency, daily maximum energy, and daily total energy. The impact risk score of the next day is assessed as the sample label by the expert assessment system. Sample input and sample label define the data set. The long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network is employed to extract the features of time series. The Bayesian optimization algorithm is introduced to optimize the model, and the Bayesian optimization–long short-term memory (BO-LSTM) combination model is established. The prediction effect of the BO-LSTM model is compared with that of the gated recurrent unit (GRU) and the convolutional neural network (1DCNN). The results demonstrate that the BO-LSTM combined model has a practical application value because the four evaluation indexes of the model are mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), variance accounted for (VAF), and mean squared error (MSE) of 0.026272, 0.226405, 0.870296, and 0.001102, respectively. These values are better than those of the other two single models. The rock explosion prediction model can make use of the research findings as a guide.