Performance Optimization Design Study of Box-Type Substations Subjected to the Combined Effects of Wind, Snow, and Seismic Loads

As a pivotal node in both urban and rural power grids, the box-type substation not only serves the functions of power conversion and distribution but also need to provide structural support and environmental adaptability. However, deficiencies in strength, stiffness, or vibration characteristics may lead to vibration and noise issues, and extreme environmental changes can pose risks of structural damage. This study aims to verify and optimize the seismic resistance and environmental adaptability of box-type substations through finite element simulation methods. Using SOLIDWORKS, a three-dimensional model of the box-type substation was constructed, and static and dynamic analyses were conducted using Ansys Workbench to comprehensively evaluate the dynamic response of the box-type substation under wind, snow loads, and seismic action. Through iterative simulations and a comparison of multiple design solutions, the structural optimization of the substation was achieved. The optimized structure balances strength and stiffness, significantly reducing the weight of the substation body, with the wall thickness reduced by 60%. Additionally, the phenomenon of stress concentration on the side walls was eliminated, ensuring that the equivalent stress is below the material yield strength. This research provides methods and empirical results for enhancing the performance and reliability of box-type substations under seismic conditions, confirming the feasibility of a lightweight design, while ensuring structural safety.