Influences of the Glass Phase on Densification, Microstructure, and Properties of Low‐Temperature Co‐Fired Ceramics

Multilayer ceramic devices based on low‐temperature co‐fired ceramics (LTCC) materials provide a very promising technology. Most LTCC tapes available today contain considerable fractions of glass powders to lower the sintering temperature. However, the glassy phases offer more possibilities to set a proper sintering behavior, on the one hand, and to tailor the desired properties of the final LTCC substrate, on the other. The exploitation of demixing and subsequent crystallizing glass compositions was shown on an example of a low‐permittivity (4.4)—low‐loss (1.5 × 10 ⁻³ ) LTCC with a high quartz content. In another LTCC material, undesired demixing could be restricted and the crystal phase anorthite could be triggered by partial dissolution of alumina in the liquid phase during sintering. To estimate the effect of silver diffusion in the latter material, the surroundings of a pure silver via were studied. A silver‐contaminated range of 50 μm was detected. Using model glasses containing silver oxide, a strong influence of dissolved silver on viscosity and crystallization behavior of the liquid phase was demonstrated. The dielectric properties of the sintered substrates were not degraded.