Use of Pupil Area and Fixation Maps to Evaluate Visual Behavior of Drivers inside Tunnels at Different Luminance Levels—A Pilot Study
Source abstract
Abstract
This study reports the results of a pilot study on spatiotemporal characteristics of drivers’ visual behavior while driving in three different luminance levels in a tunnel. The study was carried out in a relatively long tunnel during the daytime. Six experienced drivers were recruited to participate in the driving experiment. Experimental data of pupil area and fixation point position (at the tunnel’s interior zone: 1566 m long) were collected by non-intrusive eye-tracking equipment at three luminance levels (2 cd/m2, 2.5 cd/m2, and 3 cd/m2). Fixation maps (color-coded maps presenting distributed data) were created based on fixation point position data to quantify changes in visual behavior. The results demonstrated that luminance levels had a significant effect on pupil areas and fixation zones. Fixation area and average pupil area had a significant negative correlation with luminance levels during the daytime. In addition, drivers concentrated more on the front road pavement, the top wall surface, and the cars’ control wheels. The results revealed that the pupil area had a linear relationship with the luminance level. The limitations of this research are pointed out and the future research directions are also prospected.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Human-Automation Interaction and Safety · Safety Warnings and Signage · Traffic and Road Safety
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong Technology and Business University, Yantai 264003, China
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
Ningbo Leesten Technology Co., Ltd., Ningbo 315000, China
Funding
ZHEJIANG PROVINCIAL NATURAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION OF CHINA · NATIONAL NATURAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION OF CHINA · MAJOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SPECIAL PROJECT IN JIANGBEI DISTRICT, NINGBO CITY
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