Mechanical and Durability Performance of Sustainable Concrete Incorporating Stone Dust as Sand Substitute and Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as Cement Replacement
Source abstract
Abstract
This study investigates the mechanical and durability performance of sustainable concrete using stone dust (SD) and ground sugarcane bagasse ash (GSCBA) to partially replace natural sand and cement, respectively. The experimental program was conducted with concrete containing 0–40 wt% GSCBA and 100% SD were prepared and tested. The results showed that full replacement of natural sand with SD did not significantly affect compressive strength. Concrete containing 10% GSCBA and 100% SD (10GSCBA) exhibited comparable compressive strength to the control concrete (CON) up to 90 days. However, the modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture decreased slightly with increasing GSCBA content, indicating a close correlation with compressive strength. The mix containing 40% GSCBA and 100% SD (40GSCBA) achieved a compressive strength of 42.6 MPa at 90 days, representing 91% of the CON, with acceptable durability performance. These findings demonstrate that the combined utilization of SD and GSCBA offers an innovative and eco-efficient solution for concrete production, contributing to reduced cement consumption, lower production costs, and minimized carbon emissions without necessarily affecting mechanical strength or the long-term viability of the system.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Concrete and Cement Materials Research · Innovative concrete reinforcement materials · Microbial Applications in Construction Materials
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathumtani 12120, Thailand
Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, Songkhla 90000, Thailand
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakornratchasima 30000, Thailand
Department of Civil Engineering, College of Industrial Technology and Management, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80210, Thailand
Funding
National Research Council of Thailand · Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya
References (49)
Show source-provided references
1. Influence of different processing methods on the pozzolanic performance of sugarcane bagasse ash10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2014.11.002 ↗
2. Evaluation of bagasse ash as supplementary cementitious material10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2007.03.001 ↗
3. Silva, L.S., Amario, M., Stolz, C.M., Figueiredo, K.V., and Haddad, A.N. (2023). A comprehensive review of stone dust in concrete: Mechanical behavior, durability, and environmental performance. Buildings, 13.10.3390/buildings13071856 ↗
4. Sustainability assessment and mechanical characteristics of high-strength concrete blended with marble dust powder and wheat straw ash as cementitious materials by using RSM modelling10.1016/j.scp.2024.101606 ↗
5. Khan, M.A., Zhang, B., Ahmad, M., Niekurzak, M., Khan, M.S., Sabri, M.M., and Chen, W. (2025). Optimizing concrete sustainability with bagasse ash and stone dust and its impact on mechanical properties and durability. Sci. Rep., 15.10.1038/s41598-025-85363-x ↗
6. Sustainable concrete incorporating sugarcane bagasse ash: A study on workability, mechanical behavior, and microstructure10.1007/s41062-025-02177-6 ↗
7. Mechanical properties of eco-friendly concrete made with sugarcane bagasse ash10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-06-010 ↗
8. Mechanical properties, chloride resistance and microstructure of Portland fly ash cement concrete containing high volume bagasse ash10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101415 ↗
9. Strength, chloride resistance, and water permeability of high-volume sugarcane bagasse ash high-strength concrete incorporating limestone powder10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125326 ↗
10. (2017). Standard Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement (Standard No. ASTM C1157).
11. (2016). Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens (Standard No. ASTM C39/C39M).
12. (2014). Standard Test Method for Static Modulus of Elasticity and Poisson’s Ratio of Concrete in Compression (Standard No. ASTM C469/C469M).
13. (2018). Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading) (Standard No. ASTM C78).
14. (2005). Standard Test Method for Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete (Standard No. ASTM C157/C157M).
15. (2012). Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete or Mortar Surfaces by the Rotating-Cutter Method (Standard No. ASTM C944).
16. (2019). Standard Test Method for Electrical Indication of Concrete’s Ability to Resist Chloride Ion Penetration (Standard No. ASTM C1202).
17. (2006). Environmental Management—Life Cycle Assessment: Principles and Framework (Standard No. ISO 14040).
18. (2006). Environmental Management—Life Cycle Assessment: Requirements and Guidelines (Standard No. ISO 14044).
19. RISC Knowledge Center (2025, October 28). How Hydraulic Cement Reduces Global Warming. Available online: https://risc.in.th/en/knowledge/how-hydraulic-cement-reduces-global-warming.
20. Research on carbon emission reduction of manufactured sand concrete based on compressive strength10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.133101 ↗
21. Effect of mechanically-induced fragmentation of polyacrylic superabsorbent polymer (SAP) hydrogel on the properties of cement composites10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120135 ↗
22. Neville, A.M. (1995). Properties of Concrete, Longman. [4th ed.].
23. Effect of calcination temperature on the pozzolanic activity of Sugarcane bagasse ash10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.02.013 ↗
24. (2019). Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete (Standard No. ASTM C618).
25. Mehta, P.K., and Monteiro, P.J. (2006). Concrete Microstructure, Properties, and Materials, McGraw-Hill. [3rd ed.]. Available online: https://repositori.mypolycc.edu.my/jspui/handle/123456789/4614.
26. Gedam, B.A., Singh, S., Upadhyay, A., and Bhandari, N.M. (2019, January 14–17). Improved durability of concrete using supplementary cementitious materials. Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies, London, UK.
27. Mechanical and durability properties of rice husk ash blended concrete
28. Utilization of bagasse ash as a pozzolanic material in concrete10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.06.030 ↗
29. Utilization of bagasse ash in high-strength concrete10.1016/j.matdes.2011.07.045 ↗
30. Influence of biomass ash on the performance and durability of mortar
31. (1997). Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates (Standard No. ASTM C33-97).
32. (2015). Standard Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity) and Absorption of Fine Aggregate (Standard No. ASTM C128-15).
33. (2001). Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates (Standard No. ASTM C136-01).
34. (1995). Standard Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-μm (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing (Standard No. ASTM C117-95).
35. Effect of W/B ratios on pozzolanic reaction of mortars containing biomass ashes10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2011.09.003 ↗
36. Compressive strength and expansion of blended cement mortar containing palm oil fuel ash10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2009)21:8(426) ↗
37. Effect of palm oil fuel ash fineness on the microstructure of blended cement paste10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.04.062 ↗
38. (2013). Hydraulic Cement (Standard No. TIS 2594-2556).
39. Heat evolution, strengths, and drying shrinkage of concrete containing high-volume ground bagasse ash with different LOIs10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119443 ↗
40. (2011). Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary (Standard No. ACI 318).
41. Use of Brazilian sugarcane bagasse ash in concrete as sand replacement10.1016/j.wasman.2010.01.026 ↗
42. Effect of ground bagasse ash on mechanical and durability properties of recycled aggregate concrete10.1016/j.matdes.2011.11.065 ↗
43. Shrinkage of concrete stored in natural environments10.1016/S0958-9465(01)00044-0 ↗
44. (2005). Report on Factors Affecting Shrinkage and Creep of Hardened Concrete (Standard No. ACI Committee 209).
45. Assessing abrasion performance of self-consolidating concrete containing synthetic fibers using acoustic emission analysis10.1617/s11527-018-1247-3 ↗
46. Effect of pozzolanic wastes on mechanical properties, durability and microstructure of cementitious mortars10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101178 ↗
47. A review of utilization of industrial waste materials as cement replacement in pervious concrete: An alternative approach to sustainable pervious concrete production10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26188 ↗
48. (1993). Standards for the Use or Disposal of Sewage Sludge (Standard No. 40 CFR Part 503).
49. (2002). Characterisation of Waste—Leaching—Compliance Test for Leaching of Granular Waste Materials and Sludges (Standard No. EN 12457-2).