Enhancing Seismic Repairability of Precast RC Frames Through an Innovative Replaceable Plastic Hinge Technology

The introduction of a novel replaceable plastic hinge technology aims to enhance the performance of precast reinforced concrete (PRC) frames, particularly in seismically vulnerable areas where substandard structural systems are prevalent. This artificially controllable plastic hinge (ACPH) mechanism effectively localizes inelastic deformations to a detachable steel subassembly, thereby maintaining the integrity of the primary structural components. A numerical analysis was carried out on four distinct PRC frame configurations that utilized concrete and steel of inferior quality relative to contemporary standards. The frames underwent testing under a segment of the Mw 7.7 Kahramanmaraş ground motion, revealing that connections utilizing the ACPH not only reduce peak base shear but also mitigate cracking at beam–column interfaces, directing plastic strains towards replaceable fuse elements. The implementation of the ACPH also facilitates extended structural periods and localized plastic hinging, which serves to limit damage to essential members while expediting post-earthquake repairs. Comparative validation through prior subassembly tests confirms that this hinge exhibits a strong hysteretic response and ductile performance, surpassing traditional wet-joint connections in the context of substandard PRC frames. Overall, these results underscore the potential of standardized hinge modules in enhancing seismic resilience and supporting swift, economical rehabilitation of critical infrastructure. Thus, this proposed technology effectively tackles persistent issues related to low-strength materials in precast structures, presenting a practical approach to improving earthquake resilience and minimizing repair time and costs.