Influencing Factors of Solar-Powered Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in Hail City, Saudi Arabia

As part of the global endeavor to encourage sustainable urban growth and lower carbon emissions, Hail City is leading the way in implementing cutting-edge technologies with which to improve its urban infrastructure. Initiatives for energy resilience and the environment heavily rely on shifting to electric vehicles (EVs). This work describes the strategic planning required to implement a network of solar charging stations and analyzes the parameters that affect this, supporting cleaner transport options. In addition to meeting the growing demand from an increased number of EVs, constructing a network of solar charging stations positions the city as a leader in integrating renewable energy sources into urban areas. A solar electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) will also be designed. This study highlights a competitive attitude in establishing international standards for sustainable practices and critically examines the technical factors affecting the required charging stations. Regarding the latter, the following results were obtained. The ideal number of station slots is 200. Less efficient vehicles with higher consumption rates require a more comprehensive charging infrastructure, and increasing the charging power leads to an apparent decrease in the number of stations. The influence of battery capacity on the required NSs is limited, especially at charger power values above 30 kWh. By taking proactive measures to address these factors, Hail City hopes to improve its infrastructure effectively and sustainably, keeping it competitive in a world where cities are increasingly judged on their ability to adopt new technology and green projects. A solar station was designed to supply the EVCS with a capacity of 700.56 kWp.