Leveraging Blockchain Usage to Enhance Slag Exchange
Source abstract
Abstract
The slag generated as a by-product of the steelmaking process can be used to manufacture cement, reducing the generated waste and contributing to the circular economy. Currently, steelmaking companies promote long-term bilateral deals with one or few cement companies where the price is fixed, and the slag is a treated as commodity. We propose a new solution, which promotes slag reuse through its differentiation with a composition-based grouping and an auction. This process is carried out in a blockchain network, which increases trust in the system, provides guarantees about the slag composition to cement companies and helps external regulators to reliably extract circularity indicators.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Recycling and Waste Management Techniques · Blockchain Technology Applications and Security · Radioactive element chemistry and processing
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Astondo Bidea 700, 48160 Derio, Biscay, Spain
Funding
European Commission
References (51)
Show source-provided references
1. Generation, utilization, and environmental impact of ladle furnace slag: A minor review10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165070 ↗
2. Characteristics and cementitious properties of ladle slag fines from steel production10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00707-4 ↗
3. (2024, April 08). The European Green Deal-European Commission. Available online: https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_en.
4. A Review of Circular Economy Prospects for Stainless Steelmaking Slags10.1007/s40831-021-00392-w ↗
5. Branca, T.A., Colla, V., Algermissen, D., Granbom, H., Martini, U., Morillon, A., Pietruck, R., and Rosendahl, S. (2020). Reuse and Recycling of By-Products in the Steel Sector: Recent Achievements Paving the Way to Circular Economy and Industrial Symbiosis in Europe. Metals, 10.10.3390/met10030345 ↗
6. An Overview of Utilization of Steel Slag10.1016/j.proenv.2012.10.108 ↗
7. Recycling of steel slag aggregate in portland cement concrete: An overview10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124447 ↗
8. Steel slag and its applications in cement and concrete technology: A review10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122783 ↗
9. The recycling and reuse of steelmaking slags — A review10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.03.010 ↗
10. Landfill Scarcity and the Cost of Waste Disposal10.1007/s10640-023-00829-8 ↗
11. Balancing Availability, Quality, Economics, and the Environment When Using Steel Slag within Pavements10.1061/9780784484708.038 ↗
12. Murphy, T.R. (2023). Integrating Steel Slag Aggregates Into Asphalt Paving by Harmonizing Availability, Quality, Economics, and the Environment. [Ph.D Thesis, Mississippi State University].
13. Nakamoto, S. (2024, July 10). Bitcoin: A Peer-To-Peer Electronic Cash System. Decentralized Business Review 2008. Available online: https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf.
14. Pavloff, U., Amoussou-Guenou, Y., and Tucci-Piergiovanni, S. (2023, January 27–31). Ethereum Proof-of-Stake under Scrutiny. Proceedings of the 38th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing, Tallinn, Estonia.10.1145/3555776.3577655 ↗
15. Blockchain applications in supply chains, transport and logistics: A systematic review of the literature10.1080/00207543.2019.1650976 ↗
16. When Blockchain Meets Supply Chain: A Systematic Literature Review on Current Development and Potential Applications10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2983601 ↗
17. Kummer, S., Herold, D.M., Dobrovnik, M., Mikl, J., and Schäfer, N. (2020). A Systematic Review of Blockchain Literature in Logistics and Supply Chain Management: Identifying Research Questions and Future Directions. Future Internet, 12.10.3390/fi12030060 ↗
18. The Traceability of Construction and Demolition Waste in Flanders via Blockchain Technology: A Match Made in Heaven?10.1163/18760104-18040003 ↗
19. The role of blockchain technology in the transition toward the circular economy: Findings from a systematic literature review
20. Belt, A., and Kok, S. (2018). A Reality Check for Blockchain in Commodity Trading, Boston Consulting Group. Technical Report.
21. Blockchain technology: Is it hype or real in the construction industry?
22. Blockchain and supply chain management integration: A systematic review of the literature10.1108/SCM-03-2018-0143 ↗
23. Integration of Blockchain and Auction Models: A Survey, Some Applications, and Challenges10.1109/COMST.2022.3222403 ↗
24. Salian, A., Shah, S., Shah, J., and Samdani, K. (2019, January 29–30). Review of blockchain enabled decentralized energy trading mechanisms. Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE International Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking (ICSCAN), Pondicherry, India.10.1109/ICSCAN.2019.8878731 ↗
25. Transaction-based operation of electric distribution systems: A review
26. Auction Theory and Device Bidding Functions for Transactive Energy Systems: A Review10.1007/s40518-023-00217-2 ↗
27. Fostering the Circular Economy with Blockchain Technology: Insights from a Bibliometric Approach10.1007/s43615-023-00250-9 ↗
28. Blockchain-based refurbishment certification system for enhancing the circular economy10.1016/j.bcra.2023.100172 ↗
29. (2024, July 10). The Go Programming Language. Available online: https://go.dev.
30. Shalaby, S., Abdellatif, A.A., Al-Ali, A., Mohamed, A., Erbad, A., and Guizani, M. (2020, January 2–5). Performance Evaluation of Hyperledger Fabric. Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE International Conference on Informatics, IoT, and Enabling Technologies (ICIoT), Doha, Qatar.10.1109/ICIoT48696.2020.9089614 ↗
31. (2024, July 10). Git Repository with the Code. Available online: https://git.code.tecnalia.com/hypercog-public/leveraging-blockchain-usage-to-enhance-slag-exchange.
32. (2024, July 10). Sonarqube. Available online: https://www.sonarsource.com/products/sonarqube/.
33. (2024, July 10). Node.js. Available online: https://nodejs.org.
34. (2024, July 10). Express Framework. Available online: https://expressjs.com.
35. (2024, July 10). Vue.js. Available online: https://vuejs.org.
36. Demand-supply matching through auctioning for the circular economy10.1016/j.promfg.2021.07.013 ↗
37. Raja Santhi, A., and Muthuswamy, P. (2022). Influence of Blockchain Technology in Manufacturing Supply Chain and Logistics. Logistics, 6.10.3390/logistics6010015 ↗
38. Commit-reveal strategy to increase the transaction confidentiality in order to counter the issue of front running in blockchain10.1063/5.0095700 ↗
39. Sahai, S., Singh, N., and Dayama, P. (2020, January 2–6). Enabling Privacy and Traceability in Supply Chains using Blockchain and Zero Knowledge Proofs. Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain (Blockchain), Rhodes, Greece.10.1109/Blockchain50366.2020.00024 ↗
40. Cost analysis and optimization of Blockchain-based solid waste management traceability system10.1016/j.wasman.2020.10.027 ↗
41. Zafar, S., Hassan, S.F.U., Mohammad, A., Al-Ahmadi, A.A., and Ullah, N. (2022). Implementation of a Distributed Framework for Permissioned Blockchain-Based Secure Automotive Supply Chain Management. Sensors, 22.10.3390/s22197367 ↗
42. Fire product traceability system based on blockchain and IPFS
43. A resource-based view of the firm10.1002/smj.4250050207 ↗
44. Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage
45. Pongnumkul, S., Siripanpornchana, C., and Thajchayapong, S. (August, January 31). Performance Analysis of Private Blockchain Platforms in Varying Workloads. Proceedings of the 2017 26th International Conference on Computer Communication and Networks (ICCCN), Vancouver, BC, Canada.10.1109/ICCCN.2017.8038517 ↗
46. Kuzlu, M., Pipattanasomporn, M., Gurses, L., and Rahman, S. (2019, January 14–17). Performance Analysis of a Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain Framework: Throughput, Latency and Scalability. Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain (Blockchain), Atlanta, GA, USA.10.1109/Blockchain.2019.00003 ↗
47. Melo, C., Gonçalves, G., Silva, F.A., and Soares, A. (2024). A comprehensive hyperledger fabric performance evaluation based on resources capacity planning. Clust. Comput., 1–16.10.1007/s10586-024-04591-4 ↗
48. (2024, July 10). Mineral Commodity Summaries 2024, Available online: https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/mcs2024.
49. (2024, July 10). Statistics 2021; Technical Report; Euroslag. Available online: https://www.euroslag.com/products/statistics/statistics-2021/.
50. Taherdoost, H. (2022). A Critical Review of Blockchain Acceptance Models—Blockchain TechnologyAdoption Frameworks and Applications. Computers, 11.10.3390/computers11020024 ↗
51. AlShamsi, M., Al-Emran, M., and Shaalan, K. (2022). A Systematic Review on Blockchain Adoption. Appl. Sci., 12.10.3390/app12094245 ↗