On the Tortuosity-Connectivity of Cement-Based Porous Materials
Source abstract
Abstract
In this work, the transport equations of ionic species in concrete are studied. First, the equations at the porescale are considered, which are then averaged over a representative elementary volume. The so obtained transport equations at the macroscopic scale are thoroughly examined and each term is interpreted. Furthermore, it is shown that the tortuosity-connectivity does not slow the average speed of the ionic species down. The transport equations in the representative elementary volume are then compared with the equations obtained in an equivalent pore. Lastly, comparing Darcy’s law and the Hagen–Poiseuille equation in a cylindrical equivalent pore, the tortuosity-connectivity parameter is obtained for four different concretes. The proposed model provides very good results when compared with the experimentally obtained chloride profiles for two additional concretes.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Concrete and Cement Materials Research · Asphalt Pavement Performance Evaluation · CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Escuela de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Funding
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
References (33)
Show source-provided references
1. Cover cracking of reinforced concrete due to rebar corrosion induced by chloride penetration10.1016/j.cemconres.2011.04.008 ↗
2. Modelling of corrosion-induced cover cracking in reinforced concrete by an embedded cohesive crack finite element10.1016/j.engfracmech.2012.06.010 ↗
3. (2008). EHE—Code on Structural Concrete.
4. Bertolini, L., Elsener, B., Pedeferri, P., and Polder, R. (2014). Corrosion of Steel in Concrete, WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co.. [2nd ed.].10.1002/9783527651696 ↗
5. Fenaux, M. (2013). Modelling of Chloride Transport in Non-Saturated Concrete. From Microscale to Macroscale. [Ph.D. Thesis, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos].
6. Numerical Solution of the Extended Nernst-Planck Model10.1006/jcis.1999.6145 ↗
7. Modeling the effect of temperature on ionic transport in cementitious materials10.1016/j.cemconres.2006.11.008 ↗
8. Ulm, F., Bažant, Z., and Wittmann, F. (2001). Elements of durability mechanics of concrete structures. Creep, Shrinkage and Durability Mechanics of Concrete and Other Quasi-Brittle Materials, Elsevier.
9. Ion transport mechanisms in cement-based materials
10. Marchand, J., Maltais, Y., Samson, E., Johansen, V., and Hazrati, K. (1998). Modeling interaction mechanisms in cement-based materials—An overview. Sidney Diamond Symposium on Materials Science of Concrete and Cementitious-Based Composites, American Ceramic Society.
11. Diffusion of chloride ions in hardened cement pastes10.1016/0008-8846(81)90111-3 ↗
12. Diffusion of Ions Through Hardened Cement Pastes10.1016/0008-8846(81)90033-8 ↗
13. Analysis of Chloride Diffusion into Partially Saturated Concrete
14. A study of the effect of chloride binding on service life predictions10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00339-2 ↗
15. Influence of cation type on diffusion behavior of chloride ions in concrete10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.09.033 ↗
16. Modelling processes related to corrosion of reinforcement in concrete: Coupled 3d finite element model10.1080/15732479.2016.1198400 ↗
17. Coupled multi-physics simulation of chloride diffusion in saturated and unsaturated concrete10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123394 ↗
18. Modelling of the transition zone porosity10.1016/0008-8846(95)00064-J ↗
19. Effect of the key mixture parameters on tortuosity and permeability of concrete10.3151/jact.10.86 ↗
20. Karger, J., and Ruthven, D.M. (1992). Diffusion in Zeolites and Other Microporous Solids, John Wiley.
21. Dullien, F. (1979). Porous Media, Fluid Transport and Pore Structure, Academic Press.10.1016/B978-0-12-223650-1.50008-5 ↗
22. A derivation of the equations for multi-phase transport10.1016/0009-2509(75)80010-8 ↗
23. The spatial averaging theorem revisited10.1016/0009-2509(85)80078-6 ↗
24. Macroscopic modelling of transport phenomena in porous media. 1: The continuum approach10.1007/BF00238181 ↗
25. Upscaling multi-component two-phase flow in porous media with partitioning coefficient10.1016/j.ces.2011.08.053 ↗
26. Role of Air Pressure in Drying of Weakly Permeable Materials10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2001)127:6(582) ↗
27. Modelling the transport of chloride and other ions in cement-based materials10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.12.009 ↗
28. Determination of chloride diffusivity through partially saturated portland cement concrete by a simplified procedure10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.07.005 ↗
29. A test method for measuring chloride diffusion coefficients through nonsaturated concrete. Part I. the instantaneous plane source diffusion case10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00750-0 ↗
30. A test method for measuring chloride diffusion coefficients through partially saturated concrete. Part II: The instantaneous plane source diffusion case with chloride binding consideration10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.01.008 ↗
31. (2003). CEN, En ISO 12571. Hygrothermal Performance of Building Materials and Products. Determination of Hygroscopic Sorption Properties, European Committee for Standardization. Standard.
32. (2011). CEN, En 197-1. Composition, Specifications and Conformity for Common Cements, European Committee for Standardization. Standard.
33. Evolution of microstructure and mechanical behavior of concretes utilized in marine environments10.1016/j.matdes.2010.01.045 ↗