Exclusive Bus Lane Allocation Considering Multimodal Traffic Equity Based on Bi-Level Programming

To ensure the equity of exclusive bus lane (EBL) allocation under multimodal traffic conditions, a bi-level programming model is first constructed. The upper-level model is the minimum total system cost considering the Gini coefficient and the lower-level model constructed a stochastic user equilibrium (SUE) model based on logit loading. Secondly, a heuristic algorithm combining an improved genetic algorithm (GA) and a method of the successive average method (MSA) is designed. Finally, the Nguyen and Dupuis networks are used as examples to verify and analyze the effectiveness, superiority and sensitivity of the model and algorithm. The results show that the method can effectively obtain the optimal solution of the upper-level model as 15,004 RMB, the Gini coefficient is 0.31, and the equity is at a relatively reasonable level. Compared with the different allocation schemes, the proposed scheme has a higher bus sharing rate and lower Gini coefficient. At the same time, when the actual demand is twice the basic demand, the bus share rate is the largest, 65%, and the Gini coefficient is the smallest at 0.3. The bus share rate decreases with the increase in the proportion of high time value travelers, which fully verifies the sensitivity of the model to the type of traveler.