journal article·2024-09-19Open access

Multi-Body Model of Agricultural Tractor for Vibration Transmission Investigation

Jakub Rekem, Radka Janečková, Václav Otipka, Aleš Prokop, Kamil Řehák, Pavel Žlábek

Applied Sciences· Volume 14· Issue 18

Abstract

This article analyses vibration transmission on agricultural tractors with the excitation from the road to the driver’s seat. A multi-body model of agricultural tractors created in Adams is presented. The main parts for the investigation of vibration transmission are the tractor body, where the only suspension elements are tyres, the tractor cabin, spring-dampers suspended at the rear and bushings at the front, and the driver seat with its pneumatic spring. A series of measurements were performed, and the model was validated using vertical acceleration values on the tractor body at four different locations. The FTire model (physical FEM-based model) was chosen to describe the behaviour of tyres. The model was created using measured tyre characteristics. Measured characteristics of spring-dampers and front cabin bushings were also implemented. For comfort investigation, ride simulations on ISO 5008 rough roads were performed. The transmission of vibrations in ride simulations was examined. A modal analysis of the linearised model was performed to confirm assumptions of the contribution of suspension elements to overall vibration levels. Finally, three case studies were conducted to better understand the model’s vibration transmission properties.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Mechanical Engineering and Vibrations Research · Soil Mechanics and Vehicle Dynamics · Vehicle Dynamics and Control Systems

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Institute of Automotive Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic

Regional Technological Institute, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of West Bohemia, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic

Funding

Specific research on BUT · Technology Agency of the Czech Republic

References (45)

Show source-provided references
1. Lane Change Maneuver of Virtual Heavy Vehicle Equipped with Yaw Moment Control
2. Porteš, P., Kučera, P., Píštěk, V., Fojtášek, J., and Zháňal, L. (2017, January 15–18). Modern Tools for Vehicle Development. Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference Engineering Mechanics, Svratka, Czech Republic.
3. Multi-Body Dynamics in Vehicle Engineering
4. Prokop, A., and Řehák, K. (2017, January 15–18). Virtual Prototype Application to Heavy-Duty Vehicle Gearbox Concept. Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference Engineering Mechanics, Svratka, Czech Republic.
5. Study on Vibration Characteristics and Human Riding Comfort of a Special Equipment Cab10.1155/2018/7140610 ↗
6. Tractor Cabin’s Passive Suspension Parameters Optimization via Experimental and Numerical Methods10.1016/j.jterra.2011.09.005 ↗
7. Molaei, F., Mali, P.R., and Ghatrehsamani, S. (2024, January 18). Tractor Operators Exposure to Whole Body Vibration: An Overview. Proceedings of the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE), Anaheim, CA, USA.10.13031/aim.202401094 ↗
8. Ahn, D.V., Kim, K., Oh, J., Seo, J., Lee, J.W., and Park, Y.J. (2023). Optimal Control of Semi-Active Suspension for Agricultural Tractors Using Linear Quadratic Gaussian Control. Sensors, 23.10.3390/s23146474 ↗
9. Comparative Analysis of Tractor Ride Vibration According to Suspension System Configuration10.1007/s42853-022-00165-7 ↗
10. Improvement of Vibrational Comfort on Agricultural Vehicles by Passive and Semi-Active Cabin Suspensions10.1016/j.compag.2005.08.009 ↗
11. Liu, C., Gu, J., Du, X., Yang, L., Du, Y., and Mao, E. (2023). A Vibration Reduction Control Method for Tractor Rear Hydraulic Hitch Based on Pressure Feedback. Agriculture, 13.10.3390/agriculture13081546 ↗
12. Levels of Whole-Body Vibrations Transmitted to the Driver of a Tractor Equipped with Self-Levelling Cab during Soil Primary Tillage10.3390/agriengineering4030044 ↗
13. Validation of an Agricultural Tractor MBS Model10.1504/IJHVS.2005.005667 ↗
14. Real-time Vibration Monitoring and Analysis of Agricultural Tractor Drivers Using an IoT-based System10.1002/rob.22206 ↗
15. Digital Agriculture: Analysis of Vibration Transmission from Seat to Back of Tractor Drivers under Multi-Directional Vibration Conditions
16. Ride Vibration of Agricultural Tractors: Transfer Functions between the Ground and the Tractor Body10.1016/0021-8634(87)90084-9 ↗
17. Investigation into the Vibration Characteristics of Agricultural Wheeled Tractor-Implement System with Hydro-Pneumatic Suspension on the Front Axle10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2019.05.004 ↗
18. Lee, W.C., Kim, C.S., Choi, H.O., Jung, Y.G., and Song, J.I. (2008). Vibration Characteristic Prediction of a Heavy Machinery Suspension Seat Using Multi-Body Dynamic Analysis Method. Advanced Materials Research, Trans Tech Publications.10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.33-37.1259 ↗
19. Development of a Model for the Optimization of the Main Factors Influencing a 162 kW Wheeled Tractor Driver’s Whole Body Vibration10.1177/14613484231190286 ↗
20. Vessonen, I., and Järviluoma, M. (2001). Simulation Based Design of Mobile Machine Vibration Control and Active Cabin Suspension Prototype. Modelling and Simulation of Multitechnological Machine Systems, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland.
21. Blundell, M., and Harty, D. (2004). The Multibody Systems Approach to Vehicle Dynamics. The Multibody Systems Approach to Vehicle Dynamics, Elsevier.10.1016/B978-075065112-7/50010-5 ↗
22. A Stochastic Quarter-Car Model for Dynamic Analysis of Vehicles with Uncertain Parameters10.1080/00423110701884575 ↗
23. Using a Quarter-Vehicle Multi-Body Model to Estimate the Service Loads of a Suspension Arm for Durability Calculations
24. A Quarter-Car Suspension System: Car Body Mass Estimator and Sliding Mode Control10.1016/j.protcy.2013.04.026 ↗
25. Vertical Dynamic Analysis of a Quarter Car Suspension System with MR Damper10.1007/s40430-015-0481-7 ↗
26. Evers, W.J.E. (2010). Improving Driver Comfort in Commercial Vehicles: Modeling and Control of a Low-Power Active Cabin Suspension System. [Ph.D. Thesis, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven].
27. Zhang, S., Wei, W., Chen, X., Xu, L., and Cao, Y. (2023). Vibration Performance Analysis and Multi-Objective Optimization Design of a Tractor Scissor Seat Suspension System. Agriculture, 13.10.3390/agriculture13010048 ↗
28. Damping Parameters Identification of Cabin Suspension System for Heavy Duty Truck Based on Curve Fitting
29. Vibration Research of Heavy Trucks. Part 1: Sensitivity Analysis of Dynamic Parameters on Ride Comfort10.21595/jmeacs.2020.21813 ↗
30. Prediction of the Vibration Characteristics for Wheeled Tractor with Suspended Driver Seat Including Air Spring and MR Damper10.1007/s12206-016-0826-x ↗
31. Output Derivative Feedback Vibration Control of an Integrated Vehicle Suspension System
32. The Control of an Active Seat Suspension Using an Optimised Fuzzy Logic Controller, Based on Preview Information from a Full Vehicle Model10.3390/vibration1010003 ↗
33. Alfadhli, A., Darling, J., and Hillis, A.J. (2018). An Active Seat Controller with Vehicle Suspension Feedforward and Feedback States: An Experimental Study. Appl. Sci., 8.10.3390/app8040603 ↗
34. Optimal Seat and Suspension Design for a Quarter Car with Driver Model Using Genetic Algorithms10.1016/j.ergon.2006.11.005 ↗
35. Yazici, H. (2016). Design of a Parameter-Dependent Optimal Vibration Control of a Non-Linear Vehicle Suspension System. Math. Comput. Appl., 21.10.3390/mca21020013 ↗
36. An Improved Human Biodynamic Model Considering the Interaction between Feet and Ground10.4271/2015-01-0612 ↗
37. A Review of Passenger Ride Comfort in Railway: Assessment and Improvement Method10.1093/tse/tdac016 ↗
38. McConville, J.B. (2015). Introduction to Mechanical System Simulation Using Adams, SDC Publications.
39. (1995). NASA Man-Systems Integration Standards: Anthropometry and Biomechanics (Standard No. NASA-STD-3000).
40. The PAC2002 Advanced Handling Tire Model10.1080/00423110701773893 ↗
41. Parameterization and Modelling of Large Off-Road Tyres for Ride Analyses: Part 1—Obtaining Parameterization Data10.1016/j.jterra.2014.05.004 ↗
42. FTire, a New Fast Tire Model for Ride Comfort Simulations10.1080/00423110801899960 ↗
43. Parameterisation, Validation and Implementation of an All-Terrain SUV FTire Tyre Model10.1016/j.jterra.2016.06.001 ↗
44. The radial damping of agricultural tractor tyres10.1016/0022-4898(91)90036-6 ↗
45. Comparison between ISO 5008 and Field Whole Body Vibration Tractor Values10.4081/jae.2012.157 ↗