Dynamic Interactions between Parallel Grid-Forming Inverters in a Microgrid
Source abstract
Abstract
The potential instability issues caused by the dynamic interactions between parallel grid-forming inverters are examined. The approach adopted for analysis is s-domain admittance-based eigenvalue and mode shape analysis. This admittance is based on a five-node circuit diagram after the conversion of each electric circuit element and inverter control unit into impedance models. Eigenvalue analysis results show that unstable resonance modes may exist due to the interactions of two parallel inverters. Impacts of transmission line length, the converter control’s virtual impedance unit, and the voltage feed-forward unit are examined via the eigenvalue and mode shape analysis. The results show that the virtual impedance control has a negligible influence on the resonance while the voltage feed-forward unit stabilizes the resonance. Finally, the stability analysis is validated using electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulations.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Microgrid Control and Optimization · Islanding Detection in Power Systems · HVDC Systems and Fault Protection
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
Funding
Deanship of Scientific Research at Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University
References (33)
Show source-provided references
1. Impact of high penetration of renewable energy sources on grid frequency behaviour10.1016/j.ijepes.2022.108701 ↗
2. Comprehensive review on control schemes and stability investigation of hybrid AC-DC microgrid10.1016/j.epsr.2023.109182 ↗
3. An Islanding Detection Method Using Synchronized Small-AC-Signal Injection for Grid-Forming Inverters in Microgrids10.1109/TPEL.2023.3237569 ↗
4. Armghan, A., Hassan, M., Armghan, H., Yang, M., Alenezi, F., Azeem, M.K., and Ali, N. (2021). Barrier Function Based Adaptive Sliding Mode Controller for a Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid Involving Multiple Renewables. Appl. Sci., 11.10.3390/app11188672 ↗
5. Accurate reactive power sharing strategy for droop-based islanded AC microgrids10.1109/TIE.2022.3167141 ↗
6. Performance evaluation of grid-following and grid-forming inverters on frequency stability in low-inertia power systems by power hardware-in-the-loop testing10.1016/j.egyr.2022.10.434 ↗
7. Parallel control of the UPS inverters with frequency-dependent droop scheme10.1109/PESC.2001.954243 ↗
8. Kim, H.J., Nam, T., Hur, K., Chang, B., Chow, J.H., and Entriken, R. (2011, January 24–29). Dynamic interactions among multiple FACTS controllers—A survey. Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, Detroit, MI, USA.10.1109/PES.2011.6039300 ↗
9. Pilotto, L.A.S., Long, W.F., and Edris, A.A. (2001, January 2). Basic mechanisms of control interactions among power electronic-assisted power systems. Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition, Developing New Perspectives (Cat. No.01CH37294), Atlanta, GA, USA.
10. Pilotto, L., Ping, W., Carvalho, A., Wey, A., and Long, W. (1995). EPRI Research Project 3022–33.34: First Interim Report, Electric Power Research Institute.
11. Harmonic-interaction between a large number of distributed power inverters and the distribution network10.1109/TPEL.2004.836615 ↗
12. Unstable Operation of Photovoltaic Inverter From Field Experiences10.1109/TPWRD.2017.2656020 ↗
13. Understanding Subsynchronous Oscillations in DFIG-Based Wind Farms Without Series Compensation10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2933156 ↗
14. Ren, L., Guo, H., Dou, Z., Wang, F., and Zhang, L. (2022). Modeling and Analysis of the Harmonic Interaction between Grid-Connected Inverter Clusters and the Utility Grid. Energies, 15.10.3390/en15103490 ↗
15. Understanding the Origin of Oscillatory Phenomena Observed Between Wind Farms and HVdc Systems10.1109/JESTPE.2016.2620378 ↗
16. Modeling and control of N-paralleled grid-connected inverters with LCL filter coupled due to grid impedance in PV plants10.1109/TPEL.2010.2095429 ↗
17. An Interaction-Admittance Model for Multi-Inverter Grid-Connected Systems10.1109/TPEL.2018.2881139 ↗
18. Small-signal stability for parallel-connected inverters in stand-alone AC supply systems10.1109/28.993176 ↗
19. Modeling and analysis of stability for parallel inverters operated with instantaneous maximum current control strategy10.1109/CESA.2006.4281911 ↗
20. Analysis and Optimization of Droop Controller for Microgrid System Based on Small-Signal Dynamic Model
21. Analysis, design, and implementation of virtual impedance for power electronics interfaced distributed generation10.1109/TIA.2011.2168592 ↗
22. Wang, X., Blaabjerg, F., Chen, Z., and Wu, W. (2013, January 17–21). Resonance analysis in parallel voltage-controlled distributed generation inverters. Proceedings of the 2013 Twenty-Eighth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), Long Beach, CA, USA.10.1109/APEC.2013.6520722 ↗
23. Analysis of parallel operation of uninterruptible power supplies loaded through long wiring cables10.1109/TPEL.2009.2031178 ↗
24. Kundur, P.S., and Malik, O.P. (2022). Power System Stability and Control, McGraw-Hill Education.
25. S-domain methodology for assessing the small signal stability of complex systems in nonsinusoidal steady state10.1109/59.744501 ↗
26. Modal analysis applied to s-domain models of ac networks10.1109/PESW.2001.917269 ↗
27. S-domain approach to reduce harmonic voltage distortions using sensitivity analysis10.1109/PESW.2001.916966 ↗
28. Electrical network dynamic models with application to modal analysis of harmonics10.1016/j.epsr.2017.09.016 ↗
29. Frequency-domain modal analysis of the oscillatory stability of power systems with high-penetration renewables10.1109/TSTE.2019.2900348 ↗
30. Boylestad, R.L. (2003). Introductory Circuit Analysis, Pearson Education India.
31. Xu, Z., Wang, S., Xing, F., and Xiao, H. (2018). Study on the method for analyzing electric network resonance stability. Energies, 11.10.3390/en11030646 ↗
32. Harmonic resonance mode analysis10.1109/TPWRD.2004.834856 ↗
33. Grainger, J.J. (1999). Power System Analysis, McGraw-Hill.