Experimental Testing of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams Designed by Strut-And-Tie Method
Source abstract
Abstract
The aim of the research presented in this paper is the experimental confirmation of the numerically defined shapes of the Strut-and-Tie models, designed according to the EN 1992-1-1 recommendations, and obtained from the software “ST method”. Three reinforced concrete deep beams with openings were tested. Each of them had the same dimensions and quality of the material characteristics. The specimens, constructed as simply supported beams, were loaded with two concentrated forces and were tested for bending until failure. Each specimen was reinforced with different reinforcement layout determined by variation parameter β, incorporated in the software “ST method”. For the determination of the Strut-and-Tie models, all of the reinforcement layouts were equally favored in the first specimen (β = 1.0 for 0°, 45°, and 90°), only the horizontal direction was favored in the second (β = 1.0 for 0°), while in the third specimen the one at the angle of 45° (β = 1.0 for 45°). Based on the results of experimental research, it was concluded that the behavior of loaded members was in agreement with the proposed shapes of the Strut-and-Tie models that were used for their design, and it was confirmed that the program “ST method” can be used for obtaining Strut–and-Tie models.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete · Structural Load-Bearing Analysis · Structural Engineering and Materials Analysis
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Faculty of Technical Sciences 1, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Novi Sad, Kozaracka 2a, 24000 Subotica, Serbia
References (37)
Show source-provided references
1. Schlaich, J., Schafer, K., and Jennewein, M. (1987). Toward a Consistent Design of Structural Concrete. PCI J., 74–150.10.15554/pcij.05011987.74.150 ↗
2. Design of Non-Prismatic RC Beams Using Strut-and-Tie Models10.3151/jact.2.249 ↗
3. Experimental Verification of Strut-and-Tie Model Design Method
4. Experimental Validation of Strut-and-Tie Method for Complex Regions
5. Zhang, N., Tan, K.H., and Leong, C.L. (2009). Single-Span Deep Beams Subjected to Unsymmetrical Loads. J. Struct. Eng., 239–252.10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2009)135:3(239) ↗
6. Shear enhancement in RC beams with multiple point loads10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.09.010 ↗
7. Behaviour of concrete deep beams with openings and low shear span-to-depth ratio10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.03.055 ↗
8. Application of the Strut-and-Tie method for steel fiber reinforced concrete deep beams10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.11.042 ↗
9. Chen, H., Wang, L., and Yhong, J. (2019). Study on an optimal Strut-and-Tie model for concrete deep beams. Appl. Sci., 9.10.3390/app9173637 ↗
10. Zhang, J.H., Li, S.S., Xie, W., and Guo, Y.D. (2020). Experimental study on shear capacity of high strength reinforcement concrete deep beams with small shear span-depth ratio. Materials, 13.10.3390/ma13051218 ↗
11. Brena, S., and Morrison, M. (2007). Factors Affecting Strength of Elements Designed Using Strut-and-Tie Models. ACI Struct. J., 267–277.
12. Maxwell, B., and Breen, J. (2000). Experimental Evaluation of Strut-and-Tie Model Applied to Deep Beam with Opening. ACI Struct. J., 142–148.
13. Sahoo, D.R., Flores, C.A., and Chao, S.H. (2012). Behavior of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams with Large Opening. ACI Struct. J., 193–203.
14. The program ST method for determining the Strut-and-Tie models of RC plane members
15. Starčev-Ćurčin, A. (2017). Optimizacija i Analiza Armiranobetonskih Ravanskih Nosača Primenom Metode Pritisnutih Štapova i Zatega. [Ph.D. Thesis, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences 1].
16. Burns, S.A. (2002). Recent Advances in Optimal Structural Design, Technical Committee on Optimal Structural Design of the Technical Administrative Committee on Analysis and Computation of the Technical Activities Division of the Structural Engineering Institute of the American Society of Civil Engineers.
17. Bendsoe, M.P., and Sigmund, O. (2003). Topology Optimization, Theory, Methods, and Applications, Springer.
18. Kostić, N. (2006, January 23–26). Computer-based development of stress fields. Proceedings of the 6th International PhD Symposium in Civil Engineering, Zurich, Switzerland.
19. Kostić, N. (2009). Topologie des champs de contraintes pour le dimensionnement des structures en beton arme. [Ph.D. Thesis, No 4414. Ecole Polytechnique federale de Lausanne].
20. (2004). EN1992-1-1:2004-Eurocode 2: Design of Concrete Structures–Part 1-1: General Rules and Rules for Buildings, the European Standard, European Committee for Standardization, CEN.
21. Starčev-Ćurčin, A., Malešev, M., Kukaras, D., Rašeta, A., and Žarković, D. (2017, January 21). Analysis and Design of RC Deep Beam Using the ST Method Program. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference Contemporary Achievements in Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Subotica, Serbia.
22. Häussler-Combe, U. (2015). Computational Methods for Reinforced Concrete Structures, Ernst & Sohn. Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Massivbau.10.1002/9783433603611 ↗
23. (2008). SRPS EN 196-1, Methods of Testing Cement-Part 1: Determination of Strength, Institute for Standardization of Serbia.
24. (2010). SRPS EN 196-3, Methods of Testing Cement-Part 3: Determination of Setting Times and Soundness, Institute for Standardization of Serbia.
25. (2013). SRPS 933-1, Tests for Geometrical Properties of Aggregates-Part 1: Determination of Particle Size Distribution-Sieving Method, Institute for Standardization of Serbia.
26. (2010). SRPS 933-4, Tests for Geometrical Properties of Aggregates-Part 4: Determination of Particle Shape-Shape Index, Institute for Standardization of Serbia.
27. (2013). SRPS 1097-2, Tests Tests for Mechanical and Physical Properties of Aggregates-Part 2: Methods for the Determination of Resistance to Fragmentation, Institute for standardization of Serbia.
28. (2008). SRPS 1097-6, Tests for Mechanical and Physical Properties of Aggregates-Part 6: Determination of the Influence of Recycled Aggregate Extract on the Initial Setting Time of Cement, Institute for Standardization of Serbia.
29. (2010). SRPS EN 12390-2, Testing Hardened Concrete-Part 2: Making and Curing Specimens for Strength Tests, Institute for Standardization of Serbia.
30. (2010). SRPS EN 12390-3, Testing Hardened Concrete-Part 3: Compressive Strength of Test Specimens, Institute for Standardization of Serbia.
31. (2010). SRPS EN ISO 15630-1, Steel for the Reinforcement and Prestressing of Concrete-Test Methods-Part 1: Reinforcing Bars, Wire Rod and Wire, Institute for Standardization of Serbia.
32. (2015). ABAQUS 2016 Analysis Users Guide, © Dassault Systèmes.
33. Plastic-damage model for cyclic loading of concrete structures10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1998)124:8(892) ↗
34. A plastic-damage model for concrete10.1016/0020-7683(89)90050-4 ↗
35. Investigation of experimental and analytical shear strength of reinforced concrete deep beams
36. A new model for predicting the effective strength in reinforced concrete bottle-shaped struts
37. New methodology for calculating damage variables evolution in Plastic Damage Model for RC structures10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.11.022 ↗