journal article·2023-03-05Open access

Effect of Three-Dimensional (3D) Scanning Factors on Minimizing the Scanning Errors Using a White LED Light 3D Scanner

Syed Farhan Raza, Muhammad Amjad, Kashif Ishfaq, Shafiq Ahmad, Mali Abdollahian

Applied Sciences· Volume 13· Issue 5

Abstract

The largest problem with scanning real objects involves bearing the huge costs of scanning and the low quality of point cloud data for a scanned object, thereby increasing the cost and lead time. Therefore, a need exists to improve the quality of scanning to save time, costs, and computational resources. In this research, the levels of optimal factors associated with a three-dimensional (3D) scanner were investigated, improving the quality of 3D scanning data. Optimizing the 3D scanner factors could help us acquire errorless digital scanned data that accurately resemble a 3D physical object and which may be further used in various engineering applications, e.g., additive manufacturing and non-engineering applications. For this study, four modes of 3D scanning (A, B, C, and D) were utilized with five crucial 3D scanning factors namely texture, watertightness, simplification, and alternate deployments of smoothness and sharpness. This research was divided into two stages. The former stage involved the 3D scanning of two samples with simple and complex geometrical intricacies and the later stage involved checking the scanned objects for any dimensional errors. A coordinate measuring machine (CMM) was used to measure the dimensional details of the real objects. For virtual metering, Solidworks was utilized. With reference to the limited literature in the current context, 3D scanning errors were highly reduced for the first time up to 0.1% for the complex sample when compared to the errors found for the simple sample.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: 3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage · Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements · Optical measurement and interference techniques

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan

Department of Mechanical, Mechatronics and Manufacturing Engineering, New Campus, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan

Industrial Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia

School of Science, College of Sciences, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, RMIT University, P.O. Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia

Funding

King Saud University

References (36)

Show source-provided references
1. Effect of fused deposition modelling process parameters on mechanical properties of 3D printed parts10.1108/WJE-09-2018-0329 ↗
2. Review of reverse engineering systems–current state of the art10.1080/17452759.2017.1302787 ↗
3. A Case Study of Reverse Engineering Integrated in an Automated Design Process10.1088/1757-899X/161/1/012029 ↗
4. A comparison of the outputs of 3D scanners10.1016/j.proeng.2014.03.004 ↗
5. Reverse engineering of spiral bevel gear drives reconstructed from point clouds10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2021.104694 ↗
6. 3D scanning applications in medical field: A literature-based review10.1016/j.cegh.2018.05.006 ↗
7. From reverse engineering to shape engineering in mechanical design10.1016/j.cirp.2016.04.052 ↗
8. A function-oriented surface reconstruction framework for reverse engineering10.1016/j.cirp.2021.04.016 ↗
9. Accuracy analysis of a piece-to-piece reverse engineering workflow for a turbine foil based on multi-modal computed tomography and additive manufacturing10.1016/j.precisioneng.2019.07.008 ↗
10. Three-dimensional point cloud data subtle feature extraction algorithm for laser scanning measurement of large-scale irregular surface in reverse engineering10.1016/j.measurement.2019.107220 ↗
11. Reverse engineering of additive manufactured composite part by toolpath reconstruction using imaging and machine learning10.1016/j.compscitech.2020.108318 ↗
12. A novel method for analyzing working performance of milling tools based on reverse engineering10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107987 ↗
13. Innovative design of a helmet based on reverse engineering and 3D printing10.1016/j.aej.2021.02.006 ↗
14. Factor analysis of deformation in resistance spot welding of complex steel sheets based on reverse engineering technology and direct finite element analysis10.1016/j.jmapro.2020.06.028 ↗
15. Non-contact Reverse Engineering Modeling for Additive Manufacturing of Down Scaled Cultural Artefacts10.1016/j.procir.2017.03.042 ↗
16. Integration of reverse engineering and ultrasonic non-contact testing procedures for quality assessment of CFRP aeronautical components10.1016/j.procir.2019.02.082 ↗
17. An integrated reverse engineering and failure analysis approach for recovery of mechanical shafts10.1016/j.procir.2019.03.257 ↗
18. Evaluation of protective footwear fit for older workers (60+): A case study using 3D scanning technique10.1016/j.ergon.2018.04.001 ↗
19. Enablers, Barriers, and Critical Success Factors for Effective Adoption of Color-Jet 3D Printing Technology10.1142/S242486221950009X ↗
20. Additive manufacturing applications in medical cases: A literature based review10.1016/j.ajme.2017.09.003 ↗
21. Experimental and archaeological testing with 3D laser scanning reveals the limits of I/TMC as a reduction index for global scraper and point studies
22. Handheld 3D scanning as a minimally invasive measuring technique for neonatal anthropometry10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.06.012 ↗
23. Piperi, E., and Bodi, I. (2021, January 18–19). Scanning, 3D GD & T Inspection for automotive plastic elements. Proceedings of the 9th International Textile Conference & 3rd International Conference on Engineering and Entrepreneurship 2021, Tirana, Albania.
24. Bodi, I., Piperi, E., and Kaçani, J. (2021, January 18–19). Design and production of footwear using CAD/CAM systems. Proceedings of the 9th International Textile Conference & 3rd International Conference on Engineering and Entrepreneurship 2021, Tirana, Albania.
25. Paper, C., Spahiu, T., Politeknik, U., Piperi, E., and Politeknik, U. (2014, January 20). Extracting body dimensions from 3D body scanning. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference of Textile, Tirana, Albania.
26. Semi-automatic low cost 3D Laser scanning systems for reverse engineering10.1016/j.procir.2015.04.016 ↗
27. Piperi, E., Galantucci, L., and Bodi, I. (2017, January 8–10). 3D Low-cost scanning systems development for mechanical parts digi-talization. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference “Engineering and Entrepreneurship”, Tirana, Albania.
28. Reports High-accuracy methodology for the integrative restoration of archaeological teeth by using reverse engineering techniques and rapid prototyping
29. Optical inspection of cutting parts by 3D scanning10.1016/j.physa.2019.121583 ↗
30. Use of 3D laser scanning on evaluating reduction of initial geometric imperfection of steel column with pre-stressed CFRP10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109527 ↗
31. Current status and applications of additive manufacturing in dentistry: A literature-based review10.1016/j.jobcr.2019.04.004 ↗
32. Javaid, M., Haleem, A., and Kumar, L. (2019). Advances in Engineering Design, Springer. [1st ed.].
33. Raja, V., and Fernandes, K.J. (2008). Reverse Engineering: An Industrial Perspective, Springer.10.1007/978-1-84628-856-2 ↗
34. Quality assurance for high-frequency mechanical impact (HFMI) treatment of welds using handheld 3D laser scanning technology10.1007/s40194-014-0210-3 ↗
35. Measurement Accuracy Assessment for Laser Triangulation 3D Scanning Machine
36. Evaluating the accuracy of hand models obtained from two 3D scanning techniques