Force and Deformation Characteristics of Large-Scale Zoning Excavation in Soft Soil: A Case Study in Hangzhou
Source abstract
Abstract
The zoning excavation method is fully employed to control the deformation of foundation pits constructed in urban soft soil areas. However, the similarities and differences in forces and deformations between foundation pits excavated by the zonal method and those excavated by the conventional method still need to be further explored. In this study, the deformation was monitored and analyzed by taking the zonal excavation of a foundation pit of the ‘New World’ project in Hangzhou City as the research object. The measured results showed that the pre-built diaphragm wall for the first excavated foundation pit restricted the deformation of the first excavated diaphragm wall. The presence of extensive construction and unloading activities also changed the deformation pattern of the soil. Further, finite element simulations were carried out. The simulation results revealed that excavating the foundation pit first caused displacements in the pre-built diaphragm wall. The displacements transmitted by non-adjacent pits through the pre-built diaphragm wall were small and were concentrated at the junction of the two sub-pits. Adjacent foundation pits caused large displacements of the pre-built diaphragm wall with similar displacement patterns. The results of the study can provide effective guidance for foundation pit excavation in soft soil areas in the future.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis · Landslides and related hazards · Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
Zhejiang Province Geological & Mineral Engineering Investigation Institute Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310014, China
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
State Key Laboratory of Performance Monitoring Protecting of Rail Transit Infrastructure, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
Research Centre of Coastal and Urban Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310015, China
China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430061, China
Funding
National Key R&D Program of China · National Natural Science Foundation of China
References (61)
Show source-provided references
1. Performance of a Zoned Excavation by Bottom-Up Technique in Shanghai Soft Soils10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001964 ↗
2. Analysis of the zoning excavation monitoring data of a narrow and deep foundation pit in a soft soil area10.1088/1742-2140/aaadd2 ↗
3. Undrained stability of pit-in-pit braced excavations under hydraulic uplift10.1016/j.undsp.2022.04.003 ↗
4. Performances of adjacent metro structures due to zoned excavation of a large-scale basement in soft ground10.1016/j.tust.2021.104123 ↗
5. Experimental and Numerical Study of Braced Retaining Piles with Asymmetrical Excavation10.1007/s40999-024-00959-0 ↗
6. Interactive behaviors of four closely spaced mega excavations in soft clays: Case study on an excavation group in Shanghai, China10.1016/j.tust.2023.105186 ↗
7. Jing, Y., Li, L., Li, J., and Chen, H. (2024). Performances of a Large-scale Deep Excavation with Multi-support Types and Zoned Excavation Technique in Shanghai Soft Soil. Can. Geotech. J.10.1139/cgj-2023-0719 ↗
8. Improved inverse analysis methods and modified apparent earth pressure for braced excavations in soft clay10.1016/j.compgeo.2023.105456 ↗
9. Predicting Wall Deflections for Deep Excavations with Servo Struts in Soft Clay10.1061/JGGEFK.GTENG-11347 ↗
10. Deformation Characteristics of Soft Soil Induced by Deep Excavation and Its Impact on Adjacent Tunnels: A Case Study in Shanghai10.1007/s12205-024-0487-8 ↗
11. Excavation collapse of Hangzhou subway station in soft clay and numerical investigation based on orthogonal experiment method10.1631/jzus.A1200120 ↗
12. Failure analysis and zoning control of water gushing in foundation pit10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.107029 ↗
13. Forensic study on the collapse of a high-rise building in Shanghai: 3D centrifuge and numerical modelling10.1680/jgeot.16.P.315 ↗
14. A Theoretical Solution of Deformation and Stress Calculation of the Underlying Tunnel Caused by Foundation Pit Excavation10.1007/s12205-024-0280-8 ↗
15. Analytical solution for displacement-dependent passive earth pressure on rigid walls with various wall movements in cohesionless soil10.1016/j.compgeo.2021.104470 ↗
16. Analytical solution for displacement-dependent active earth pressure considering the stiffness of cantilever retaining structure in cohesionless soil10.1016/j.compgeo.2024.106258 ↗
17. A generalised analytical framework for active earth pressure on retaining walls with narrow soil10.1680/jgeot.21.00305 ↗
18. Evaluation of the lateral earth pressure in unsaturated soils with finite element limit analysis using second-order cone programming10.1016/j.compgeo.2020.103587 ↗
19. Limit Analysis of Modified Pseudodynamic Lateral Earth Pressure in Anisotropic Frictional Medium Using Finite-Element and Second-Order Cone Programming10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0001924 ↗
20. Sand deformation mechanisms and earth pressures mobilised with passive rigid retaining wall movements
21. Active earth pressure against flexible retaining wall for finite soils under the drum deformation mode10.1038/s41598-021-04411-4 ↗
22. Hyperbolic stress-strain behaviour of sandy soil under plane strain unloading condition and its application on predicting displacement-dependent active earth pressure10.1016/j.compgeo.2022.105219 ↗
23. Analysis of p-y Curve of Drilled Shafts Socketed into Basalt at Jeju Island10.17736/ijope.2017.tm83 ↗
24. Accuracy of Interpretation Methods for Deriving p–y Curves From Model Pile Tests in Layered Soils10.1520/JTE20150484 ↗
25. Finite Element-Based p-y Curves in Sand10.1007/s13369-023-08121-z ↗
26. Mechanical characteristics and application of cement-soil wrapped pile support structures for soil-rock combination pit in coastal area10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.117491 ↗
27. Field Testing and Numerical Analysis of Supporting Performance of Oblique Piles Used in Pit Excavation10.1061/IJGNAI.GMENG-8487 ↗
28. Soil Arching–Induced Lateral Earth Pressure Redistribution on the Retaining Wall in a Multistrutted Excavation in Soft Soil10.1061/JGGEFK.GTENG-11032 ↗
29. Finite-element modeling of a complex deep excavation in Shanghai10.1007/s11440-008-0062-3 ↗
30. Ground Behavior due to Dewatering Inside a Foundation Pit Considering the Barrier Effect of Preexisting Building Piles on Aquifer Flow10.1061/JGGEFK.GTENG-11978 ↗
31. Displacement and force analyses of braced structure of deep excavation considering unsymmetrical surcharge effect10.1016/j.compgeo.2019.103102 ↗
32. Deformation Behavior of a Large-Scale Excavation and the Effect of an Adjacent Foundation Pit on the Excavation10.1007/s40999-024-00960-7 ↗
33. Effectiveness of servo struts in controlling excavation-induced wall deflection and ground settlement10.1007/s11440-020-00941-9 ↗
34. Experimental study on the adjustments of servo steel struts in deep excavations10.1007/s11440-023-01959-5 ↗
35. Mechanically Stabilized Earth Pressures against Unyielding Surfaces Using Inextensible Reinforcement10.1061/JGGEFK.GTENG-11799 ↗
36. Cui, J., Yang, Z., and Azzam, R. (2023). Field Measurement and Numerical Study on the Effects of Under-Excavation and Over-Excavation on Ultra-Deep Foundation Pit in Coastal Area. J. Mar. Sci. Eng., 11.10.3390/jmse11010219 ↗
37. Observed Performance of Long-Zoned Excavation with Suspended Waterproof Curtain in Yangtze River Floodplain10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0001725 ↗
38. Time Series Prediction on Settlement of Metro Tunnels Adjacent to Deep Foundation Pit by Clustering Monitoring Data10.1007/s12205-023-0274-y ↗
39. Characteristics of Horizontal Frost Heave in Foundation Pits under Different Conditions and Anti–frost Heave Measures10.1520/JTE20220453 ↗
40. Observed Performance of the One Museum Park West Excavation10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001187 ↗
41. Three-Dimensional Effects for Supported Excavations in Clay10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2007)133:1(30) ↗
42. Observed Performance of a Sheetpile-Supported Excavation in Chicago Clays10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0002010 ↗
43. Comparison of Two Inverse Analysis Techniques for Learning Deep Excavation Response10.1016/j.compgeo.2009.11.005 ↗
44. MSD applied to the construction of the British Library basement: A multi-stage excavation in London Clay10.1139/cgj-2023-0238 ↗
45. Diaphragm wall lateral movement in deep excavations in Bangkok clays: Impacts and influencing factors10.1139/cgj-2024-0058 ↗
46. Numerical Simulation of Steel Sheet Pile Support Structures in Foundation Pit Excavation10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0001373 ↗
47. Model test and numerical simulation of a new prefabricated double-row piles retaining system in silty clay ground10.1016/j.undsp.2023.05.004 ↗
48. Deformation analysis and safety assessment of existing metro tunnels affected by excavation of a foundation pit10.1016/j.undsp.2020.06.002 ↗
49. Xu, C., Lin, Z., Jiang, Y., Shi, Y., Fan, X., Xiong, Z., and Liu, Y. (2022). Research on the spatial effect of foundation pit under asymmetric loads. Front. Mater., 9.10.3389/fmats.2022.976696 ↗
50. Li, B., Lin, Z., Chen, Y., Xu, C., Li, P., and Ding, H. (2023). Numerical analysis for supporting and deformation of complex foundation pit groups in unstable areas of karst strata. Front. Earth Sci., 11.10.3389/feart.2023.1283184 ↗
51. Optimization and energy consumption analyses of the support system of a super large deep foundation pit in the Xi’an Metro10.1007/s12665-024-11459-8 ↗
52. A probabilistic deep reinforcement learning approach for optimal monitoring of a building adjacent to deep excavation10.1111/mice.13021 ↗
53. Semianalytical Method for Controlling the Deformation of Retaining Structures Subjected to Asymmetrical Loads10.1061/IJGNAI.GMENG-9090 ↗
54. 3D FEM Back Analysis of the Observed Performance of a Very Deep Excavation in the Historical Center of Naples, Italy10.1061/JGGEFK.GTENG-11867 ↗
55. A Study of the Failure Mechanism of Braced Excavations Using 3D Finite-Element Analysis10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0002385 ↗
56. Efficiency of Excavations with Buttress Walls in Reducing the Deflection of the Diaphragm Wall10.1007/s11440-015-0416-6 ↗
57. A simplified method for predicting ground settlement profiles induced by excavation in soft clay10.1016/j.compgeo.2011.06.008 ↗
58. Numerical and theoretical analysis on soil arching effect of prefabricated piles as deep foundation pit supports10.1016/j.undsp.2023.09.011 ↗
59. Static and seismic earth pressure coefficients for vertical walls with horizontal backfill10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.11.011 ↗
60. Prediction of surface settlement around subway foundation pits based on spatiotemporal characteristics and deep learning models10.1016/j.compgeo.2024.106149 ↗
61. Ma, X.F., and Cao, M. (2024). Evaluation of deformation for two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) braced excavation in clays with centrifuge modelling and numerical analysis. Can. Geotech. J.10.1139/cgj-2022-0653 ↗